Importance of Zika Virus NS5 Protein for Viral Replication

Zika virus is the latest addition to an ever-growing list of arboviruses that are causing outbreaks with serious consequences. A few mild cases were recorded between 1960 and 1980 until the first major outbreak in 2007 on Yap Island. This was followed by more severe outbreaks in French Polynesia (20...

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Published inPathogens (Basel) Vol. 8; no. 4; p. 169
Main Authors Elshahawi, Hesham, Syed Hassan, Sharifah, Balasubramaniam, Vinod
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 30.09.2019
MDPI
Subjects
arbovirus
DNA-directed RNA polymerase
Epidemics
flavivirus
Genes
Guillain-Barre syndrome
ifn1
ifn3
Immune system
Infections
Innate immunity
Interferon
Islands
Kinases
Microencephaly
Mosquitoes
mtase
ns5
NS5 protein
Outbreaks
Pathogens
Phosphorylation
Proteins
rdrp
Replication
Review
RNA polymerase
RNA-directed RNA polymerase
stat2
tbk1
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Vector-borne diseases
Viral infections
Viruses
West Nile virus
Yes-associated protein
zika
Zika virus
Uganda
French Polynesia
IFN3
NS5
IFN1
TBK1
RdRp
STAT2
MTase
Arbovirus
Flavivirus
Zika
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Abstract Zika virus is the latest addition to an ever-growing list of arboviruses that are causing outbreaks with serious consequences. A few mild cases were recorded between 1960 and 1980 until the first major outbreak in 2007 on Yap Island. This was followed by more severe outbreaks in French Polynesia (2013) and Brazil (2015), which significantly increased both syndrome and microcephaly cases. No current vaccines or treatments are available, however, recent studies have taken interest in the NS5 protein which encodes both the viral methyltransferase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. This makes it important for viral replication alongside other important functions such as inhibiting the innate immune system thus ensuring virus survival and replication. Structural studies can help design inhibitors, while biochemical studies can help understand the various mechanisms utilized by NS5 thus counteracting them might inhibit or abolish the viral infection. Drug repurposing targeting the NS5 protein has also proven to be an effective tool since hundreds of thousands of compounds can be screened therefore saving time and resources, moreover information on these compounds might already be available especially if they are used to treat other ailments.
AbstractList Zika virus is the latest addition to an ever-growing list of arboviruses that are causing outbreaks with serious consequences. A few mild cases were recorded between 1960 and 1980 until the first major outbreak in 2007 on Yap Island. This was followed by more severe outbreaks in French Polynesia (2013) and Brazil (2015), which significantly increased both Guillain-Barre syndrome and microcephaly cases. No current vaccines or treatments are available, however, recent studies have taken interest in the NS5 protein which encodes both the viral methyltransferase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. This makes it important for viral replication alongside other important functions such as inhibiting the innate immune system thus ensuring virus survival and replication. Structural studies can help design inhibitors, while biochemical studies can help understand the various mechanisms utilized by NS5 thus counteracting them might inhibit or abolish the viral infection. Drug repurposing targeting the NS5 protein has also proven to be an effective tool since hundreds of thousands of compounds can be screened therefore saving time and resources, moreover information on these compounds might already be available especially if they are used to treat other ailments.
Zika virus is the latest addition to an ever-growing list of arboviruses that are causing outbreaks with serious consequences. A few mild cases were recorded between 1960 and 1980 until the first major outbreak in 2007 on Yap Island. This was followed by more severe outbreaks in French Polynesia (2013) and Brazil (2015), which significantly increased both Guillain-Barre syndrome and microcephaly cases. No current vaccines or treatments are available, however, recent studies have taken interest in the NS5 protein which encodes both the viral methyltransferase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. This makes it important for viral replication alongside other important functions such as inhibiting the innate immune system thus ensuring virus survival and replication. Structural studies can help design inhibitors, while biochemical studies can help understand the various mechanisms utilized by NS5 thus counteracting them might inhibit or abolish the viral infection. Drug repurposing targeting the NS5 protein has also proven to be an effective tool since hundreds of thousands of compounds can be screened therefore saving time and resources, moreover information on these compounds might already be available especially if they are used to treat other ailments.
Zika virus is the latest addition to an ever-growing list of arboviruses that are causing outbreaks with serious consequences. A few mild cases were recorded between 1960 and 1980 until the first major outbreak in 2007 on Yap Island. This was followed by more severe outbreaks in French Polynesia (2013) and Brazil (2015), which significantly increased both syndrome and microcephaly cases. No current vaccines or treatments are available, however, recent studies have taken interest in the NS5 protein which encodes both the viral methyltransferase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. This makes it important for viral replication alongside other important functions such as inhibiting the innate immune system thus ensuring virus survival and replication. Structural studies can help design inhibitors, while biochemical studies can help understand the various mechanisms utilized by NS5 thus counteracting them might inhibit or abolish the viral infection. Drug repurposing targeting the NS5 protein has also proven to be an effective tool since hundreds of thousands of compounds can be screened therefore saving time and resources, moreover information on these compounds might already be available especially if they are used to treat other ailments.
Author Elshahawi, Hesham
Syed Hassan, Sharifah
Balasubramaniam, Vinod
AuthorAffiliation 1 Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; elshahawi.hesham@gmail.com (H.E.); Sharifah.SyedHassan@monash.edu (S.S.H.)
2 Tropical Medicine & Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; elshahawi.hesham@gmail.com (H.E.); Sharifah.SyedHassan@monash.edu (S.S.H.)
– name: 2 Tropical Medicine & Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
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  organization: Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia. elshahawi.hesham@gmail.com
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  organization: Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia. vinod.balasubramaniam@monash.edu
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31574966$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords IFN3
NS5
IFN1
TBK1
RdRp
STAT2
MTase
Arbovirus
Flavivirus
Zika
Language English
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Snippet Zika virus is the latest addition to an ever-growing list of arboviruses that are causing outbreaks with serious consequences. A few mild cases were recorded...
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StartPage 169
SubjectTerms arbovirus
DNA-directed RNA polymerase
Epidemics
flavivirus
Genes
Guillain-Barre syndrome
ifn1
ifn3
Immune system
Infections
Innate immunity
Interferon
Islands
Kinases
Microencephaly
Mosquitoes
mtase
ns5
NS5 protein
Outbreaks
Pathogens
Phosphorylation
Proteins
rdrp
Replication
Review
RNA polymerase
RNA-directed RNA polymerase
stat2
tbk1
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Vector-borne diseases
Viral infections
Viruses
West Nile virus
Yes-associated protein
zika
Zika virus
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Title Importance of Zika Virus NS5 Protein for Viral Replication
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31574966
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2548967963
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2300182682
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6963216
https://doaj.org/article/173a10b91e9a4696873787775c27860c
Volume 8
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