Immune imprinting, breadth of variant recognition, and germinal center response in human SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination

During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, novel and traditional vaccine strategies have been deployed globally. We investigated whether antibodies stimulated by mRNA vaccination (BNT162b2), including third-dose boosting, differ from those generated by infection or adenoviral (ChAdOx1-S and Gam-COVID-Vac) or i...

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Published inCell Vol. 185; no. 6; pp. 1025 - 1040.e14
Main Authors Röltgen, Katharina, Nielsen, Sandra C.A., Silva, Oscar, Younes, Sheren F., Zaslavsky, Maxim, Costales, Cristina, Yang, Fan, Wirz, Oliver F., Solis, Daniel, Hoh, Ramona A., Wang, Aihui, Arunachalam, Prabhu S., Colburg, Deana, Zhao, Shuchun, Haraguchi, Emily, Lee, Alexandra S., Shah, Mihir M., Manohar, Monali, Chang, Iris, Gao, Fei, Mallajosyula, Vamsee, Li, Chunfeng, Liu, James, Shoura, Massa J., Sindher, Sayantani B., Parsons, Ella, Dashdorj, Naranjargal J., Dashdorj, Naranbaatar D., Monroe, Robert, Serrano, Geidy E., Beach, Thomas G., Chinthrajah, R. Sharon, Charville, Gregory W., Wilbur, James L., Wohlstadter, Jacob N., Davis, Mark M., Pulendran, Bali, Troxell, Megan L., Sigal, George B., Natkunam, Yasodha, Pinsky, Benjamin A., Nadeau, Kari C., Boyd, Scott D.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 17.03.2022
The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc
Subjects
Adenoviridae
antibodies
Antibodies, Viral
antibody specificity
antigens
Antigens, Viral
Astra Zeneca
autopsy
BBIBP-CorV
BioNTech-Pfizer
BNT162 Vaccine
BNT162b2
ChAdOx1-S
COVID-19
COVID-19 - prevention & control
Delta variant
endemic coronaviruses
Gam-COVID-Vac
Germinal Center
histology
Humans
imprinting
lymph
lymph node germinal center
lymph nodes
Moderna
mRNA-1273
pandemic
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 - genetics
SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Sinopharm
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
Sputnik V
Vaccination
vaccine
vaccines
SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
BNT162b2
BBIBP-CorV
imprinting
Gam-COVID-Vac
Astra Zeneca
Delta variant
ChAdOx1-S
COVID-19
Sinopharm
vaccine
SARS-CoV-2
endemic coronaviruses
Sputnik V
mRNA-1273
lymph node germinal center
Moderna
antibodies
BioNTech-Pfizer
autopsy
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0092-8674
1097-4172
1097-4172
DOI10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.018

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Abstract During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, novel and traditional vaccine strategies have been deployed globally. We investigated whether antibodies stimulated by mRNA vaccination (BNT162b2), including third-dose boosting, differ from those generated by infection or adenoviral (ChAdOx1-S and Gam-COVID-Vac) or inactivated viral (BBIBP-CorV) vaccines. We analyzed human lymph nodes after infection or mRNA vaccination for correlates of serological differences. Antibody breadth against viral variants is lower after infection compared with all vaccines evaluated but improves over several months. Viral variant infection elicits variant-specific antibodies, but prior mRNA vaccination imprints serological responses toward Wuhan-Hu-1 rather than variant antigens. In contrast to disrupted germinal centers (GCs) in lymph nodes during infection, mRNA vaccination stimulates robust GCs containing vaccine mRNA and spike antigen up to 8 weeks postvaccination in some cases. SARS-CoV-2 antibody specificity, breadth, and maturation are affected by imprinting from exposure history and distinct histological and antigenic contexts in infection compared with vaccination. [Display omitted] •Vaccination confers broader IgG binding of variant RBDs than SARS-CoV-2 infection•Imprinting from initial antigen exposures alters IgG responses to viral variants•Histology of mRNA vaccinee lymph nodes shows abundant GCs•Vaccine spike antigen and mRNA persist for weeks in lymph node GCs Human antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 differ between vaccination and infection, with mRNA vaccination inducing more productive lymph node GC responses and several vaccine types stimulating IgG antibodies capable of recognizing a broader range of viral variants.
AbstractList During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, novel and traditional vaccine strategies have been deployed globally. We investigated whether antibodies stimulated by mRNA vaccination (BNT162b2), including third-dose boosting, differ from those generated by infection or adenoviral (ChAdOx1-S and Gam-COVID-Vac) or inactivated viral (BBIBP-CorV) vaccines. We analyzed human lymph nodes after infection or mRNA vaccination for correlates of serological differences. Antibody breadth against viral variants is lower after infection compared with all vaccines evaluated but improves over several months. Viral variant infection elicits variant-specific antibodies, but prior mRNA vaccination imprints serological responses toward Wuhan-Hu-1 rather than variant antigens. In contrast to disrupted germinal centers (GCs) in lymph nodes during infection, mRNA vaccination stimulates robust GCs containing vaccine mRNA and spike antigen up to 8 weeks postvaccination in some cases. SARS-CoV-2 antibody specificity, breadth, and maturation are affected by imprinting from exposure history and distinct histological and antigenic contexts in infection compared with vaccination.
During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, novel and traditional vaccine strategies have been deployed globally. We investigated whether antibodies stimulated by mRNA vaccination (BNT162b2), including third-dose boosting, differ from those generated by infection or adenoviral (ChAdOx1-S and Gam-COVID-Vac) or inactivated viral (BBIBP-CorV) vaccines. We analyzed human lymph nodes after infection or mRNA vaccination for correlates of serological differences. Antibody breadth against viral variants is lower after infection compared with all vaccines evaluated but improves over several months. Viral variant infection elicits variant-specific antibodies, but prior mRNA vaccination imprints serological responses toward Wuhan-Hu-1 rather than variant antigens. In contrast to disrupted germinal centers (GCs) in lymph nodes during infection, mRNA vaccination stimulates robust GCs containing vaccine mRNA and spike antigen up to 8 weeks postvaccination in some cases. SARS-CoV-2 antibody specificity, breadth, and maturation are affected by imprinting from exposure history and distinct histological and antigenic contexts in infection compared with vaccination. Human antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 differ between vaccination and infection, with mRNA vaccination inducing more productive lymph node GC responses and several vaccine types stimulating IgG antibodies capable of recognizing a broader range of viral variants.
During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, novel and traditional vaccine strategies have been deployed globally. We investigated whether antibodies stimulated by mRNA vaccination (BNT162b2), including third-dose boosting, differ from those generated by infection or adenoviral (ChAdOx1-S and Gam-COVID-Vac) or inactivated viral (BBIBP-CorV) vaccines. We analyzed human lymph nodes after infection or mRNA vaccination for correlates of serological differences. Antibody breadth against viral variants is lower after infection compared with all vaccines evaluated but improves over several months. Viral variant infection elicits variant-specific antibodies, but prior mRNA vaccination imprints serological responses toward Wuhan-Hu-1 rather than variant antigens. In contrast to disrupted germinal centers (GCs) in lymph nodes during infection, mRNA vaccination stimulates robust GCs containing vaccine mRNA and spike antigen up to 8 weeks postvaccination in some cases. SARS-CoV-2 antibody specificity, breadth, and maturation are affected by imprinting from exposure history and distinct histological and antigenic contexts in infection compared with vaccination.During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, novel and traditional vaccine strategies have been deployed globally. We investigated whether antibodies stimulated by mRNA vaccination (BNT162b2), including third-dose boosting, differ from those generated by infection or adenoviral (ChAdOx1-S and Gam-COVID-Vac) or inactivated viral (BBIBP-CorV) vaccines. We analyzed human lymph nodes after infection or mRNA vaccination for correlates of serological differences. Antibody breadth against viral variants is lower after infection compared with all vaccines evaluated but improves over several months. Viral variant infection elicits variant-specific antibodies, but prior mRNA vaccination imprints serological responses toward Wuhan-Hu-1 rather than variant antigens. In contrast to disrupted germinal centers (GCs) in lymph nodes during infection, mRNA vaccination stimulates robust GCs containing vaccine mRNA and spike antigen up to 8 weeks postvaccination in some cases. SARS-CoV-2 antibody specificity, breadth, and maturation are affected by imprinting from exposure history and distinct histological and antigenic contexts in infection compared with vaccination.
During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, novel and traditional vaccine strategies have been deployed globally. We investigated whether antibodies stimulated by mRNA vaccination (BNT162b2), including third-dose boosting, differ from those generated by infection or adenoviral (ChAdOx1-S and Gam-COVID-Vac) or inactivated viral (BBIBP-CorV) vaccines. We analyzed human lymph nodes after infection or mRNA vaccination for correlates of serological differences. Antibody breadth against viral variants is lower after infection compared with all vaccines evaluated but improves over several months. Viral variant infection elicits variant-specific antibodies, but prior mRNA vaccination imprints serological responses toward Wuhan-Hu-1 rather than variant antigens. In contrast to disrupted germinal centers (GCs) in lymph nodes during infection, mRNA vaccination stimulates robust GCs containing vaccine mRNA and spike antigen up to 8 weeks postvaccination in some cases. SARS-CoV-2 antibody specificity, breadth, and maturation are affected by imprinting from exposure history and distinct histological and antigenic contexts in infection compared with vaccination.
During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, novel and traditional vaccine strategies have been deployed globally. We investigated whether antibodies stimulated by mRNA vaccination (BNT162b2), including third-dose boosting, differ from those generated by infection or adenoviral (ChAdOx1-S and Gam-COVID-Vac) or inactivated viral (BBIBP-CorV) vaccines. We analyzed human lymph nodes after infection or mRNA vaccination for correlates of serological differences. Antibody breadth against viral variants is lower after infection compared with all vaccines evaluated but improves over several months. Viral variant infection elicits variant-specific antibodies, but prior mRNA vaccination imprints serological responses toward Wuhan-Hu-1 rather than variant antigens. In contrast to disrupted germinal centers (GCs) in lymph nodes during infection, mRNA vaccination stimulates robust GCs containing vaccine mRNA and spike antigen up to 8 weeks postvaccination in some cases. SARS-CoV-2 antibody specificity, breadth, and maturation are affected by imprinting from exposure history and distinct histological and antigenic contexts in infection compared with vaccination. [Display omitted] •Vaccination confers broader IgG binding of variant RBDs than SARS-CoV-2 infection•Imprinting from initial antigen exposures alters IgG responses to viral variants•Histology of mRNA vaccinee lymph nodes shows abundant GCs•Vaccine spike antigen and mRNA persist for weeks in lymph node GCs Human antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 differ between vaccination and infection, with mRNA vaccination inducing more productive lymph node GC responses and several vaccine types stimulating IgG antibodies capable of recognizing a broader range of viral variants.
Author Wilbur, James L.
Wang, Aihui
Haraguchi, Emily
Arunachalam, Prabhu S.
Charville, Gregory W.
Zhao, Shuchun
Liu, James
Monroe, Robert
Wirz, Oliver F.
Boyd, Scott D.
Mallajosyula, Vamsee
Hoh, Ramona A.
Serrano, Geidy E.
Shah, Mihir M.
Pinsky, Benjamin A.
Nadeau, Kari C.
Dashdorj, Naranbaatar D.
Costales, Cristina
Dashdorj, Naranjargal J.
Silva, Oscar
Colburg, Deana
Chang, Iris
Sindher, Sayantani B.
Zaslavsky, Maxim
Solis, Daniel
Wohlstadter, Jacob N.
Röltgen, Katharina
Younes, Sheren F.
Manohar, Monali
Pulendran, Bali
Troxell, Megan L.
Gao, Fei
Li, Chunfeng
Lee, Alexandra S.
Shoura, Massa J.
Chinthrajah, R. Sharon
Yang, Fan
Parsons, Ella
Nielsen, Sandra C.A.
Beach, Thomas G.
Sigal, George B.
Natkunam, Yasodha
Davis, Mark M.
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35148837$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
BNT162b2
BBIBP-CorV
imprinting
Gam-COVID-Vac
Astra Zeneca
Delta variant
ChAdOx1-S
COVID-19
Sinopharm
vaccine
SARS-CoV-2
endemic coronaviruses
Sputnik V
mRNA-1273
lymph node germinal center
Moderna
antibodies
BioNTech-Pfizer
autopsy
Language English
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Snippet During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, novel and traditional vaccine strategies have been deployed globally. We investigated whether antibodies stimulated by mRNA...
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SubjectTerms Adenoviridae
antibodies
Antibodies, Viral
antibody specificity
antigens
Antigens, Viral
Astra Zeneca
autopsy
BBIBP-CorV
BioNTech-Pfizer
BNT162 Vaccine
BNT162b2
ChAdOx1-S
COVID-19
COVID-19 - prevention & control
Delta variant
endemic coronaviruses
Gam-COVID-Vac
Germinal Center
histology
Humans
imprinting
lymph
lymph node germinal center
lymph nodes
Moderna
mRNA-1273
pandemic
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 - genetics
SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Sinopharm
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
Sputnik V
Vaccination
vaccine
vaccines
Title Immune imprinting, breadth of variant recognition, and germinal center response in human SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.018
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35148837
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2628298504
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2648860695
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8786601
Volume 185
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