Napping characteristics and cognitive performance in older adults
Objectives To determine the association of napping intention, frequency, and duration with cognition in a nationally‐representative sample of US older adults. Methods We performed a cross‐sectional analysis of community‐dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years from Rounds 3 or 4 (2013‐2014) of...
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Published in | International journal of geriatric psychiatry Vol. 34; no. 1; pp. 87 - 96 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
England
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
01.01.2019
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Abstract | Objectives
To determine the association of napping intention, frequency, and duration with cognition in a nationally‐representative sample of US older adults.
Methods
We performed a cross‐sectional analysis of community‐dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years from Rounds 3 or 4 (2013‐2014) of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (N = 2549). Participants reported past‐month napping intention (intentional/unintentional), napping frequency (rarely/never [non‐nappers], some days [infrequent nappers], most days/every day [frequent nappers]), and average nap duration (we categorized as ≤30 minutes [short]; 31‐60 minutes [moderate]; and > 60 minutes [long]). Cognitive outcomes were performance on immediate and delayed word recall tests (IWR and DWR, respectively), the Clock Drawing Test (CDT), and self‐rated memory (score: 1[excellent]‐5[very poor]).
Results
After adjustment for potential confounders, unintentional nappers had poorer immediate word recall test performance than non‐nappers (B = −0.23, P < 0.01) and intentional nappers (B = −0.26, P < 0.01). After further adjustment for daytime sleepiness, frequent nappers reported poorer self‐rated memory than non‐nappers (B = 0.14, P < 0.05). Compared with short nappers, long nappers had poorer IWR (B = −0.26, P < 0.05) and CDT scores (B = −0.17, P < 0.05). Except for the association of nap duration with IWR and CDT, these associations remained after excluding participants with dementia and/or proxy respondents. Among participants undiagnosed with dementia or proxies, moderate‐duration naps were associated with better DWR than short naps (B = 0.24, P < 0.05). Neither napping intentionality nor frequency was associated with CDT performance.
Conclusions
Among older adults, distinct aspects of napping are associated with cognitive performance. Prospective research, with objective measures of napping, is needed to elucidate the link between napping and cognitive trajectories. |
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AbstractList | ObjectivesTo determine the association of napping intention, frequency, and duration with cognition in a nationally‐representative sample of US older adults.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional analysis of community‐dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years from Rounds 3 or 4 (2013‐2014) of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (N = 2549). Participants reported past‐month napping intention (intentional/unintentional), napping frequency (rarely/never [non‐nappers], some days [infrequent nappers], most days/every day [frequent nappers]), and average nap duration (we categorized as ≤30 minutes [short]; 31‐60 minutes [moderate]; and > 60 minutes [long]). Cognitive outcomes were performance on immediate and delayed word recall tests (IWR and DWR, respectively), the Clock Drawing Test (CDT), and self‐rated memory (score: 1[excellent]‐5[very poor]).ResultsAfter adjustment for potential confounders, unintentional nappers had poorer immediate word recall test performance than non‐nappers (B = −0.23, P < 0.01) and intentional nappers (B = −0.26, P < 0.01). After further adjustment for daytime sleepiness, frequent nappers reported poorer self‐rated memory than non‐nappers (B = 0.14, P < 0.05). Compared with short nappers, long nappers had poorer IWR (B = −0.26, P < 0.05) and CDT scores (B = −0.17, P < 0.05). Except for the association of nap duration with IWR and CDT, these associations remained after excluding participants with dementia and/or proxy respondents. Among participants undiagnosed with dementia or proxies, moderate‐duration naps were associated with better DWR than short naps (B = 0.24, P < 0.05). Neither napping intentionality nor frequency was associated with CDT performance.ConclusionsAmong older adults, distinct aspects of napping are associated with cognitive performance. Prospective research, with objective measures of napping, is needed to elucidate the link between napping and cognitive trajectories. Objectives To determine the association of napping intention, frequency, and duration with cognition in a nationally‐representative sample of US older adults. Methods We performed a cross‐sectional analysis of community‐dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years from Rounds 3 or 4 (2013‐2014) of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (N = 2549). Participants reported past‐month napping intention (intentional/unintentional), napping frequency (rarely/never [non‐nappers], some days [infrequent nappers], most days/every day [frequent nappers]), and average nap duration (we categorized as ≤30 minutes [short]; 31‐60 minutes [moderate]; and > 60 minutes [long]). Cognitive outcomes were performance on immediate and delayed word recall tests (IWR and DWR, respectively), the Clock Drawing Test (CDT), and self‐rated memory (score: 1[excellent]‐5[very poor]). Results After adjustment for potential confounders, unintentional nappers had poorer immediate word recall test performance than non‐nappers (B = −0.23, P < 0.01) and intentional nappers (B = −0.26, P < 0.01). After further adjustment for daytime sleepiness, frequent nappers reported poorer self‐rated memory than non‐nappers (B = 0.14, P < 0.05). Compared with short nappers, long nappers had poorer IWR (B = −0.26, P < 0.05) and CDT scores (B = −0.17, P < 0.05). Except for the association of nap duration with IWR and CDT, these associations remained after excluding participants with dementia and/or proxy respondents. Among participants undiagnosed with dementia or proxies, moderate‐duration naps were associated with better DWR than short naps (B = 0.24, P < 0.05). Neither napping intentionality nor frequency was associated with CDT performance. Conclusions Among older adults, distinct aspects of napping are associated with cognitive performance. Prospective research, with objective measures of napping, is needed to elucidate the link between napping and cognitive trajectories. OBJECTIVESTo determine the association of napping intention, frequency, and duration with cognition in a nationally-representative sample of US older adults. METHODSWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years from Rounds 3 or 4 (2013-2014) of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (N = 2549). Participants reported past-month napping intention (intentional/unintentional), napping frequency (rarely/never [non-nappers], some days [infrequent nappers], most days/every day [frequent nappers]), and average nap duration (we categorized as ≤30 minutes [short]; 31-60 minutes [moderate]; and > 60 minutes [long]). Cognitive outcomes were performance on immediate and delayed word recall tests (IWR and DWR, respectively), the Clock Drawing Test (CDT), and self-rated memory (score: 1[excellent]-5[very poor]). RESULTSAfter adjustment for potential confounders, unintentional nappers had poorer immediate word recall test performance than non-nappers (B = -0.23, P < 0.01) and intentional nappers (B = -0.26, P < 0.01). After further adjustment for daytime sleepiness, frequent nappers reported poorer self-rated memory than non-nappers (B = 0.14, P < 0.05). Compared with short nappers, long nappers had poorer IWR (B = -0.26, P < 0.05) and CDT scores (B = -0.17, P < 0.05). Except for the association of nap duration with IWR and CDT, these associations remained after excluding participants with dementia and/or proxy respondents. Among participants undiagnosed with dementia or proxies, moderate-duration naps were associated with better DWR than short naps (B = 0.24, P < 0.05). Neither napping intentionality nor frequency was associated with CDT performance. CONCLUSIONSAmong older adults, distinct aspects of napping are associated with cognitive performance. Prospective research, with objective measures of napping, is needed to elucidate the link between napping and cognitive trajectories. To determine the association of napping intention, frequency, and duration with cognition in a nationally-representative sample of US older adults. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years from Rounds 3 or 4 (2013-2014) of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (N = 2549). Participants reported past-month napping intention (intentional/unintentional), napping frequency (rarely/never [non-nappers], some days [infrequent nappers], most days/every day [frequent nappers]), and average nap duration (we categorized as ≤30 minutes [short]; 31-60 minutes [moderate]; and > 60 minutes [long]). Cognitive outcomes were performance on immediate and delayed word recall tests (IWR and DWR, respectively), the Clock Drawing Test (CDT), and self-rated memory (score: 1[excellent]-5[very poor]). After adjustment for potential confounders, unintentional nappers had poorer immediate word recall test performance than non-nappers (B = -0.23, P < 0.01) and intentional nappers (B = -0.26, P < 0.01). After further adjustment for daytime sleepiness, frequent nappers reported poorer self-rated memory than non-nappers (B = 0.14, P < 0.05). Compared with short nappers, long nappers had poorer IWR (B = -0.26, P < 0.05) and CDT scores (B = -0.17, P < 0.05). Except for the association of nap duration with IWR and CDT, these associations remained after excluding participants with dementia and/or proxy respondents. Among participants undiagnosed with dementia or proxies, moderate-duration naps were associated with better DWR than short naps (B = 0.24, P < 0.05). Neither napping intentionality nor frequency was associated with CDT performance. Among older adults, distinct aspects of napping are associated with cognitive performance. Prospective research, with objective measures of napping, is needed to elucidate the link between napping and cognitive trajectories. |
Author | Owusu, Jocelynn T. Abeson, Kylie D. Wennberg, Alexandra M.V. Tzuang, Marian Holingue, Calliope B. Spira, Adam P. |
AuthorAffiliation | 4 Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University 2 Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 3 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine 1 Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health – name: 3 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine – name: 4 Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University – name: 2 Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jocelynn T. orcidid: 0000-0001-9719-5964 surname: Owusu fullname: Owusu, Jocelynn T. email: jowusu1@jhu.edu organization: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health – sequence: 2 givenname: Alexandra M.V. orcidid: 0000-0003-4906-1165 surname: Wennberg fullname: Wennberg, Alexandra M.V. organization: Mayo Clinic – sequence: 3 givenname: Calliope B. surname: Holingue fullname: Holingue, Calliope B. organization: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health – sequence: 4 givenname: Marian orcidid: 0000-0001-8913-2293 surname: Tzuang fullname: Tzuang, Marian organization: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health – sequence: 5 givenname: Kylie D. surname: Abeson fullname: Abeson, Kylie D. organization: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health – sequence: 6 givenname: Adam P. surname: Spira fullname: Spira, Adam P. organization: Johns Hopkins University |
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To determine the association of napping intention, frequency, and duration with cognition in a nationally‐representative sample of US older adults.... To determine the association of napping intention, frequency, and duration with cognition in a nationally-representative sample of US older adults. We... ObjectivesTo determine the association of napping intention, frequency, and duration with cognition in a nationally‐representative sample of US older... OBJECTIVESTo determine the association of napping intention, frequency, and duration with cognition in a nationally-representative sample of US older adults.... |
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SubjectTerms | Aged Aged, 80 and over Aging Cognition - physiology Cognitive ability cognitive function Cross-Sectional Studies Dementia Dementia disorders Female Geriatric psychiatry Humans Male Medicin och hälsovetenskap Memory Mental Recall - physiology Motivation nap Neuropsychological Tests Older people Prospective Studies sleep Sleep - physiology Sleep and wakefulness Sleep deprivation Time Factors |
Title | Napping characteristics and cognitive performance in older adults |
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