Chemopreventive effect of raw and cooked lentils ( Lens culinaris L) and soybeans ( Glycine max) against azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci

• Published in: Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 29; no. 5; pp. 355 - 362
• Main Authors: Faris, Mo'ez Al-Islam E., Takruri, Hamed R., Shomaf, Maha S., Bustanji, Yasser K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01.05.2009; Tarrytown, N.Y.: Elsevier Science Inc; Elsevier
• Subjects: Aberrant crypt foci; animal models; Animals; anticarcinogenic activity; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - pharmacology; Azoxymethane; Biological and medical sciences; chemically induced; chemoprevention; Colon; Colon - drug effects; Colon - pathology; Colonic Neoplasms; Colonic Neoplasms - chemically induced; Colonic Neoplasms - prevention & control; Colorectal cancer; colorectal neoplasms; cooked foods; Cooking; drug effects; experimental diets; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Fischer 344 rat; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Glutathione Transferase; Glutathione Transferase - metabolism; Glutathione- S-transferases; Glycine max; intestinal crypts; Lens culinaris; Lens Plant; lentils; Lentils ( Lens culinaris L); Liver; Male; metabolism; pathology; pharmacology; Phytotherapy; Plant Preparations; Plant Preparations - pharmacology; prevention & control; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; raw foods; Seeds; soybeans; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; RSB; ACF; RWL; Colorectal cancer; GST; RSL; F344; ANOVA; CRC; Glutathione- S-transferases; Fischer 344 rat; CWL; CSL; Aberrant crypt foci; Lentils ( Lens culinaris L); AOM; cooked whole lentils; raw soybeans; colorectal cancer; Fischer 344; raw split lentils; azoxymethane; raw whole lentils; aberrant crypt foci; glutathione- S-transferases; analysis of variance; cooked split lentils; Rectal disease; Rat; Cook; Soybean; Glycine; Eye; Visual system; Glutathione transferase; Intestinal disease; Colon premalignant lesion; Lentils (Lens culinaris L); Premalignant lesion; Enzyme; Transferases; Glutathione-S-transferases; Rodentia; Malignant tumor; Colonic disease; Lentil; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Animal; Neurotransmitter; Digestive diseases; Lens; Cancer
• ISSN: 0271-5317; 1879-0739; 1879-0739
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.05.005

Although lentils ( Lens culinaris L) contain several bioactive compounds that have been linked to the prevention of cancer, the in vivo chemopreventive ability of lentils against chemically induced colorectal cancer has not been examined. Our present study examined the hypothesis that lentils could suppress the early carcinogenesis in vivo by virtue of their bioactive micro- and macroconstituents and that culinary thermal treatment could affect their chemopreventive potential. To accomplish this goal, we used raw whole lentils (RWL), raw split lentils (RSL), cooked whole lentils (CWL), and cooked split lentils (CSL). Raw soybeans (RSB; Glycine max) were used for the purpose of comparison with a well-studied chemopreventive agent. Sixty weanling Fischer 344 male rats, 4 to 5 weeks of age, were randomly assigned to 6 groups (10 rats/group): the control group (C) received AIN-93G diet, and treatment leguminous groups of RWL, CWL, RSL, CSL, and RSB received the treatment diets containing AIN-93G+5% of the above-mentioned legumes. After acclimatization for 1 week (at 5th to 6th week of age), all animals were put on the control and treatment diets separately for 5 weeks (from 6th to 11th week of age). At the end of the 5th week of feeding (end of 11th week of age), all rats received 2 subcutaneous injections of azoxymethane carcinogen at 15 mg/kg rat body weight per dose once a week for 2 consecutive weeks. After 17 weeks of the last azoxymethane injection (from 12th to 29th week of age), all rats were euthanized. Chemopreventive ability was assessed using colonic aberrant crypt foci and activity of hepatic glutathione- S-transferases. Significant reductions ( P < .05) were found in total aberrant crypt foci number (mean ± SEM) for RSB (27.33 ± 4.32), CWL (33.44 ± 4.56), and RSL (37.00 ± 6.02) in comparison with the C group (58.33 ± 8.46). Hepatic glutathione- S-transferases activities increased significantly ( P < .05) in rats fed all treatment diets (from 51.38 ± 3.66 to 67.94 ± 2.01 μmol mg −1 min −1) when compared with control (C) diet (26.13 ± 1.01 μmol mg −1 min −1). Our findings indicate that consumption of lentils might be protective against colon carcinogenesis and that hydrothermal treatment resulted in an improvement in the chemopreventive potential for the whole lentils.