Effects of an invasive ant on land snails in the Ogasawara Islands
We investigated how Pheidole megacephala has affected endemic achatinellid snails because these snails are excellent indicators of the impact of ants and they have high conservation value in Ogasawara. In 2015 we surveyed the Minamizaki area of Hahajima Island of Ogasawara, designated a core zone of...
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Published in | Conservation biology Vol. 30; no. 6; pp. 1330 - 1337 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.12.2016
Wiley Periodicals Inc |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | We investigated how Pheidole megacephala has affected endemic achatinellid snails because these snails are excellent indicators of the impact of ants and they have high conservation value in Ogasawara. In 2015 we surveyed the Minamizaki area of Hahajima Island of Ogasawara, designated a core zone of the World Heritage Site, for P. megacephala. In Minamizaki, we determined the distribution and density of achatinellid snails in 2015 and compared these data with their distribution and density in 2005. Land cover in the survey area was entirely forest We also tested whether P. megacephala preyed on achatinellid snails in the laboratory. P. megacephala was present in the forested areas of Minamizaki. Achatinellid snails were absent in 19 of 39 sites where P. megacephala was present, whereas in other areas densities of the snails ranged from 2 to 228 individuals/site. In the laboratory, P. megacephala carried 6 of 7 achatinellid snails and a broken shell was found. Snail distribution and density comparisons and results of the feeding experiments suggest that the presence of P. megacephala has contributed to the decline of achatinellid snails in forests in the survey area. Yet, P. megacephala is not on the official list of invasive non-native species. Stakeholders using the list of invasive species to develop conservation programs should recognize that invasiveness of non-native species differs depending on the ecosystem and that official lists may not be complete. Investigamos cómo Pheidole megacephala ha afectado a los caracoles achatinélidos endémicos ya que éstos son indicadores excelentes del impacto de las hormigas y tienen un alto valor de conservación en Ogasawara. En 2015, censamos el área de Minamizaki de la Isla Hahajima de Ogasawara, designada como zona núcleo del Sitio de Patrimonio Mundial, en busca de P. megacephala. En Minamizaki, determinamos la distribución y la densidad de los caracoles achatinélidos en 2015 y comparamos estos datos con su distribución y densidad en 2005. La cobertura de suelo en el área censada era completamente boscosa. También probamos en el laboratorio si P. megacephala se alimenta de caracoles achatinélidos. P. megacephala estuvo presente en las áreas boscosas de Minamizaki. Los caracoles achatinélidos estuvieron ausentes en 19 de los 39 sitios en los que P. megacephala estuvo presente, mientras que en otras áreas la densidad de los caracoles varió de 2 a 228 individuos por sitio. En el laboratorio, P. megacephala se llevó a 6 de 7 caracoles achatinélidos y se halló una concha rota. Las comparaciones entre las densidades y las distribuciones de los caracoles y los resultados de los experimentos de alimentación sugieren que la presencia de P. megacephala ha contribuido a la declinación de los caracoles achatinélidos en los bosques del área del censo. A pesar de esto, P. megacephala no está en la lista oficial de especies invasoras no-nativas- Los accionistas que utilizan la lista de especies invasoras para desarrollar programas de conservación deberían reconocer que la capacidad invasora de las especies no-nativas difiere dependiendo del ecosistema y que las listas oficiales pueden no estar completas. |
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Bibliography: | Ministry of the Environment - No. 4-1402 Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (Appendix S1), (Appendix S2), and (Appendix S3) are available as part of the on-line article. Design of the feeding experiments to investigate whether P. megacephala preyed on achatinellid snails (Appendix S1), the best SEMs of the relationship between the environmental factors and distribution of Achatinellidae spp. (Appendix S2), and photos from the laboratory experiment (Appendix S3) are available online. The authors are solely responsible for the content and functionality of these materials. Queries (other than absence of the material) should be directed to the corresponding author. istex:1890373BB9AE87334E3D9480E2E198073D0DB69E ark:/67375/WNG-9MNCF5Q5-X ArticleID:COBI12724 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0888-8892 1523-1739 |
DOI: | 10.1111/cobi.12724 |