Deficiency of Lipoprotein Lipase in Neurons Modifies the Regulation of Energy Balance and Leads to Obesity
Free fatty acids (FFAs) suppress appetite when injected into the hypothalamus. To examine whether lipoprotein lipase (LPL), a serine hydrolase that releases FFAs from circulating triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins, might contribute to FFA-mediated signaling in the brain, we created neuron-specific...
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| Published in | Cell metabolism Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 105 - 113 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Elsevier Inc
05.01.2011
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| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Free fatty acids (FFAs) suppress appetite when injected into the hypothalamus. To examine whether lipoprotein lipase (LPL), a serine hydrolase that releases FFAs from circulating triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins, might contribute to FFA-mediated signaling in the brain, we created neuron-specific LPL-deficient mice. Homozygous mutant (NEXLPL−/−) mice were hyperphagic and became obese by 16 weeks of age. These traits were accompanied by elevations in the hypothalamic orexigenic neuropeptides, AgRP and NPY, and were followed by reductions in metabolic rate. The uptake of TG-rich lipoprotein fatty acids was reduced in the hypothalamus of 3-month-old NEXLPL−/− mice. Moreover, deficiencies in essential fatty acids in the hypothalamus were evident by 3 months, with major deficiencies of long-chain n-3 fatty acids by 12 months. These results indicate that TG-rich lipoproteins are sensed in the brain by an LPL-dependent mechanism and provide lipid signals for the central regulation of body weight and energy balance.
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► Mice with lipoprotein lipase deficiency in neurons (NEXLPL) are obese ► NEXLPL mice develop obesity by modifying both food intake and energy expenditure ► NEXLPL mice have increases in hypothalamic AgRP/NPY gene expression before obesity ► NEXLPL mice demonstrate deficiencies in n-3 fatty acids in the hypothalamus |
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| AbstractList | Free fatty acids (FFAs) suppress appetite when injected into the hypothalamus. To examine whether lipoprotein lipase (LPL), a serine hydrolase that releases FFAs from circulating triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins, might contribute to FFA-mediated signaling in the brain, we created neuron-specific LPL-deficient mice. Homozygous mutant (NEXLPL-/-) mice were hyperphagic and became obese by 16 weeks of age. These traits were accompanied by elevations in the hypothalamic orexigenic neuropeptides, AgRP and NPY, and were followed by reductions in metabolic rate. The uptake of TG-rich lipoprotein fatty acids was reduced in the hypothalamus of 3-month-old NEXLPL-/- mice. Moreover, deficiencies in essential fatty acids in the hypothalamus were evident by 3 months, with major deficiencies of long-chain n-3 fatty acids by 12 months. These results indicate that TG-rich lipoproteins are sensed in the brain by an LPL-dependent mechanism and provide lipid signals for the central regulation of body weight and energy balance. Free fatty acids (FFAs) suppress appetite when injected into the hypothalamus. To examine whether lipoprotein lipase (LPL), a serine hydrolase that releases FFAs from circulating triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins, might contribute to FFA-mediated signaling in the brain, we created neuron-specific LPL-deficient mice. Homozygous mutant (NEXLPL-/-) mice were hyperphagic and became obese by 16 weeks of age. These traits were accompanied by elevations in the hypothalamic orexigenic neuropeptides, AgRP and NPY, and were followed by reductions in metabolic rate. The uptake of TG-rich lipoprotein fatty acids was reduced in the hypothalamus of 3-month-old NEXLPL-/- mice. Moreover, deficiencies in essential fatty acids in the hypothalamus were evident by 3 months, with major deficiencies of long-chain n-3 fatty acids by 12 months. These results indicate that TG-rich lipoproteins are sensed in the brain by an LPL-dependent mechanism and provide lipid signals for the central regulation of body weight and energy balance. Free fatty acids (FFAs) suppress appetite when injected into the hypothalamus. To examine whether lipoprotein lipase (LPL), a serine hydrolase that releases FFAs from circulating triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins, might contribute to FFA-mediated signaling in the brain, we created neuron-specific LPL-deficient mice. Homozygous mutant (NEXLPL−/−) mice were hyperphagic and became obese by 16 weeks of age. These traits were accompanied by elevations in the hypothalamic orexigenic neuropeptides, AgRP and NPY, and were followed by reductions in metabolic rate. The uptake of TG-rich lipoprotein fatty acids was reduced in the hypothalamus of 3-month-old NEXLPL−/− mice. Moreover, deficiencies in essential fatty acids in the hypothalamus were evident by 3 months, with major deficiencies of long-chain n-3 fatty acids by 12 months. These results indicate that TG-rich lipoproteins are sensed in the brain by an LPL-dependent mechanism and provide lipid signals for the central regulation of body weight and energy balance. [Display omitted] ► Mice with lipoprotein lipase deficiency in neurons (NEXLPL) are obese ► NEXLPL mice develop obesity by modifying both food intake and energy expenditure ► NEXLPL mice have increases in hypothalamic AgRP/NPY gene expression before obesity ► NEXLPL mice demonstrate deficiencies in n-3 fatty acids in the hypothalamus |
| Author | Astarita, Giuseppe Bharadwaj, Kalyani G. Wang, Hong DiPatrizio, Nicholas V. Piomelli, Daniele Goldberg, Ira J. Eckel, Robert H. Taussig, Matthew D. Nave, Klaus-Armin |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Department of Neurogenetics, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, 37075 Goettingen, Germany 4 Drug Discovery and Development, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, 16163, Italy 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, USA 5 Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York City, New York 10032, USA 1 Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, & Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 5 Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York City, New York 10032, USA – name: 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, USA – name: 1 Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, & Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA – name: 3 Department of Neurogenetics, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, 37075 Goettingen, Germany – name: 4 Drug Discovery and Development, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, 16163, Italy |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Hong surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Hong organization: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Giuseppe surname: Astarita fullname: Astarita, Giuseppe organization: Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Matthew D. surname: Taussig fullname: Taussig, Matthew D. organization: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Kalyani G. surname: Bharadwaj fullname: Bharadwaj, Kalyani G. organization: Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Nicholas V. surname: DiPatrizio fullname: DiPatrizio, Nicholas V. organization: Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Klaus-Armin surname: Nave fullname: Nave, Klaus-Armin organization: Department of Neurogenetics, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, 37075 Goettingen, Germany – sequence: 7 givenname: Daniele surname: Piomelli fullname: Piomelli, Daniele organization: Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Ira J. surname: Goldberg fullname: Goldberg, Ira J. organization: Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA – sequence: 9 givenname: Robert H. surname: Eckel fullname: Eckel, Robert H. email: robert.eckel@ucdenver.edu organization: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21195353$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Brain - metabolism Energy Intake Energy Metabolism Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - metabolism Female Gene Expression Hypothalamus - metabolism Lipoprotein Lipase - deficiency Lipoprotein Lipase - genetics Lipoprotein Lipase - metabolism Lipoproteins - metabolism Male Mice Mice, Obese Mice, Transgenic Neurons - enzymology Obesity - enzymology Obesity - genetics Obesity - metabolism Obesity - pathology |
| Title | Deficiency of Lipoprotein Lipase in Neurons Modifies the Regulation of Energy Balance and Leads to Obesity |
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