Prognostic serum miRNA biomarkers associated with Alzheimer’s disease shows concordance with neuropsychological and neuroimaging assessment

• Published in: Molecular psychiatry Vol. 20; no. 10; pp. 1188 - 1196
• Main Authors: Cheng, L, Doecke, J D, Sharples, R A, Villemagne, V L, Fowler, C J, Rembach, A, Martins, R N, Rowe, C C, Macaulay, S L, Masters, C L, Hill, A F
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.10.2015; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 38; 38/39; 38/91; 45; 45/77; 631/208; 631/378; 692/53/2423; 692/699/476; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease - blood; Alzheimer Disease - diagnosis; Alzheimer Disease - genetics; Alzheimer's disease; Amyloid; Apolipoprotein E; Apolipoproteins; Behavioral Sciences; Biochemistry; Biological Psychology; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - blood; Case-Control Studies; Cognitive ability; Development and progression; Diagnosis; Disease; Exosomes; Exosomes - genetics; Female; Genetic aspects; Genetic markers; Genetic Testing; Health aspects; Humans; Lifestyles; Male; Medical imaging; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Methods; MicroRNA; MicroRNAs; MicroRNAs - blood; miRNA; Molecular biology; Neurodegenerative diseases; Neuroimaging; Neuroimaging - methods; Neuropsychological Tests; Neuropsychology; Neurosciences; Non-coding RNA; original-article; Pharmacotherapy; Positron emission tomography; Prognosis; Psychiatric research; Psychiatry; Reproducibility of Results; Reverse transcription; Risk factors; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sequence Analysis, RNA; Tomography; Transcriptome; Australia
• ISSN: 1359-4184; 1476-5578; 1476-5578
• DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.127

There is no consensus for a blood-based test for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Expression profiling of small non-coding RNA’s, microRNA (miRNA), has revealed diagnostic potential in human diseases. Circulating miRNA are found in small vesicles known as exosomes within biological fluids such as human serum. The aim of this work was to determine a set of differential exosomal miRNA biomarkers between healthy and AD patients, which may aid in diagnosis. Using next-generation deep sequencing, we profiled exosomal miRNA from serum ( N =49) collected from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle Flagship Study (AIBL). Sequencing results were validated using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR; N =60), with predictions performed using the Random Forest method. Additional risk factors collected during the 4.5-year AIBL Study including clinical, medical and cognitive assessments, and amyloid neuroimaging with positron emission tomography were assessed. An AD-specific 16-miRNA signature was selected and adding established risk factors including age, sex and apolipoprotein ɛ4 (APOE ɛ4) allele status to the panel of deregulated miRNA resulted in a sensitivity and specificity of 87% and 77%, respectively, for predicting AD. Furthermore, amyloid neuroimaging information for those healthy control subjects incorrectly classified with AD-suggested progression in these participants towards AD. These data suggest that an exosomal miRNA signature may have potential to be developed as a suitable peripheral screening tool for AD.