Prebiotic inulin ameliorates SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters by modulating the gut microbiome

Current treatment options for COVID-19 are limited, with many antivirals and immunomodulators restricted to the most severe cases and preventative care limited to vaccination. As the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its increasing variants threaten to become a permanent fixture of our lives, this new reality ne...

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Published inNPJ science of food Vol. 8; no. 1; pp. 18 - 9
Main Authors Song, Isaiah, Yang, Jiayue, Saito, Misa, Hartanto, Tenagy, Nakayama, Yasunori, Ichinohe, Takeshi, Fukuda, Shinji
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 14.03.2024
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects
631/326/2565/2134
631/326/2565/2142
692/4020/2741/2135
692/700/2814
Antiviral agents
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Chemistry/Food Science
Community structure
COVID-19
Food Microbiology
Food Science
Hamsters
Immunomodulation
Immunomodulators
Intestinal microflora
Inulin
Microbiomes
Morbidity
Nutrition
Prebiotics
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Survival
Vaccination
Viral diseases
Weight loss
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2396-8370
2396-8370
DOI10.1038/s41538-024-00248-z

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Abstract Current treatment options for COVID-19 are limited, with many antivirals and immunomodulators restricted to the most severe cases and preventative care limited to vaccination. As the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its increasing variants threaten to become a permanent fixture of our lives, this new reality necessitates the development of cost-effective and accessible treatment options for COVID-19. Studies have shown that there are correlations between the gut microbiome and severity of COVID-19, especially with regards to production of physiologically beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by gut microbes. In this study, we used a Syrian hamster model to study how dietary consumption of the prebiotic inulin affected morbidity and mortality resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection. After two weeks of observation, we discovered that inulin supplementation attenuated morbid weight loss and increased survival rate in hamster subjects. An analysis of microbiome community structure showed significant alterations in 15 genera. Notably, there were also small increases in fecal DCA and a significant increase in serum DCA, perhaps highlighting a role for this secondary bile acid in conferring protection against SARS-CoV-2. In light of these results, inulin and other prebiotics are promising targets for future investigation as preventative treatment options for COVID-19.
AbstractList Abstract Current treatment options for COVID-19 are limited, with many antivirals and immunomodulators restricted to the most severe cases and preventative care limited to vaccination. As the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its increasing variants threaten to become a permanent fixture of our lives, this new reality necessitates the development of cost-effective and accessible treatment options for COVID-19. Studies have shown that there are correlations between the gut microbiome and severity of COVID-19, especially with regards to production of physiologically beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by gut microbes. In this study, we used a Syrian hamster model to study how dietary consumption of the prebiotic inulin affected morbidity and mortality resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection. After two weeks of observation, we discovered that inulin supplementation attenuated morbid weight loss and increased survival rate in hamster subjects. An analysis of microbiome community structure showed significant alterations in 15 genera. Notably, there were also small increases in fecal DCA and a significant increase in serum DCA, perhaps highlighting a role for this secondary bile acid in conferring protection against SARS-CoV-2. In light of these results, inulin and other prebiotics are promising targets for future investigation as preventative treatment options for COVID-19.
Current treatment options for COVID-19 are limited, with many antivirals and immunomodulators restricted to the most severe cases and preventative care limited to vaccination. As the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its increasing variants threaten to become a permanent fixture of our lives, this new reality necessitates the development of cost-effective and accessible treatment options for COVID-19. Studies have shown that there are correlations between the gut microbiome and severity of COVID-19, especially with regards to production of physiologically beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by gut microbes. In this study, we used a Syrian hamster model to study how dietary consumption of the prebiotic inulin affected morbidity and mortality resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection. After two weeks of observation, we discovered that inulin supplementation attenuated morbid weight loss and increased survival rate in hamster subjects. An analysis of microbiome community structure showed significant alterations in 15 genera. Notably, there were also small increases in fecal DCA and a significant increase in serum DCA, perhaps highlighting a role for this secondary bile acid in conferring protection against SARS-CoV-2. In light of these results, inulin and other prebiotics are promising targets for future investigation as preventative treatment options for COVID-19.
Current treatment options for COVID-19 are limited, with many antivirals and immunomodulators restricted to the most severe cases and preventative care limited to vaccination. As the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its increasing variants threaten to become a permanent fixture of our lives, this new reality necessitates the development of cost-effective and accessible treatment options for COVID-19. Studies have shown that there are correlations between the gut microbiome and severity of COVID-19, especially with regards to production of physiologically beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by gut microbes. In this study, we used a Syrian hamster model to study how dietary consumption of the prebiotic inulin affected morbidity and mortality resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection. After two weeks of observation, we discovered that inulin supplementation attenuated morbid weight loss and increased survival rate in hamster subjects. An analysis of microbiome community structure showed significant alterations in 15 genera. Notably, there were also small increases in fecal DCA and a significant increase in serum DCA, perhaps highlighting a role for this secondary bile acid in conferring protection against SARS-CoV-2. In light of these results, inulin and other prebiotics are promising targets for future investigation as preventative treatment options for COVID-19.Current treatment options for COVID-19 are limited, with many antivirals and immunomodulators restricted to the most severe cases and preventative care limited to vaccination. As the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its increasing variants threaten to become a permanent fixture of our lives, this new reality necessitates the development of cost-effective and accessible treatment options for COVID-19. Studies have shown that there are correlations between the gut microbiome and severity of COVID-19, especially with regards to production of physiologically beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by gut microbes. In this study, we used a Syrian hamster model to study how dietary consumption of the prebiotic inulin affected morbidity and mortality resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection. After two weeks of observation, we discovered that inulin supplementation attenuated morbid weight loss and increased survival rate in hamster subjects. An analysis of microbiome community structure showed significant alterations in 15 genera. Notably, there were also small increases in fecal DCA and a significant increase in serum DCA, perhaps highlighting a role for this secondary bile acid in conferring protection against SARS-CoV-2. In light of these results, inulin and other prebiotics are promising targets for future investigation as preventative treatment options for COVID-19.
ArticleNumber 18
Author Saito, Misa
Fukuda, Shinji
Yang, Jiayue
Hartanto, Tenagy
Ichinohe, Takeshi
Song, Isaiah
Nakayama, Yasunori
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  organization: Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Metagen, Inc., Gut Environmental Design Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Laboratory for Regenerative Microbiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
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CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1038_s41538_024_00349_9
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Snippet Current treatment options for COVID-19 are limited, with many antivirals and immunomodulators restricted to the most severe cases and preventative care limited...
Abstract Current treatment options for COVID-19 are limited, with many antivirals and immunomodulators restricted to the most severe cases and preventative...
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SubjectTerms 631/326/2565/2134
631/326/2565/2142
692/4020/2741/2135
692/700/2814
Antiviral agents
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Chemistry/Food Science
Community structure
COVID-19
Food Microbiology
Food Science
Hamsters
Immunomodulation
Immunomodulators
Intestinal microflora
Inulin
Microbiomes
Morbidity
Nutrition
Prebiotics
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Survival
Vaccination
Viral diseases
Weight loss
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Title Prebiotic inulin ameliorates SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters by modulating the gut microbiome
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38485724
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Volume 8
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