Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the general population of Saudi Arabia, 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia. Objective: To systematically review the available literature and assess the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia between 2000 and 2020. Methods: Observational studies that reported...
Saved in:
| Published in | Saudi journal of medicine & medical sciences Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 1 - 10 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
India
Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd
01.01.2023
Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd Wolters Kluwer - Medknow Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia.
Objective: To systematically review the available literature and assess the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia between 2000 and 2020.
Methods: Observational studies that reported quantitative estimates of the prevalence of T2DM as their main outcome, included the general population of Saudi Arabia, and were published between 2000-2020 and in English were retrieved using three electronic databases (namely, CINAHL, Medline via PubMed, and Web of Science). Retrieved studies were screened, and relevant data were extracted. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal guideline was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. A random-effects model was used to estimate the prevalence of T2DM.
Results: Twenty-three studies were included in the systematic review, of which 19 were included in the meta-analysis (total pooled population: 258,283). The overall pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia was 16.4% (95% CI: 11.6-17.5). However, there was heterogeneity in the results of the studies [I2 = 99.31%, P < 0.0001] and the summary values varied from 3.18% (95% CI: 1.46-5.95) to 94.34% (95% CI: 89.53-97.38). Although the prevalence of T2DM by age varied across studies, in most studies, it was higher among the older age groups. In addition, the prevalence of diabetes widely varied across the different geographical regions of Saudi Arabia.
Conclusions: This is the first meta-analysis that determined the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia, and it revealed a high prevalence over the past two decades. However, owing to data collection inconsistencies in the identified studies, neither the modifiable (such as obesity, educational status, emotional support, etc.) nor the non-modifiable (such as gender and age) risk factors of T2DM could be determined, thereby indicating the need for a nationally collective effort in determining these factors. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | BackgroundThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia.ObjectiveTo systematically review the available literature and assess the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia between 2000 and 2020.MethodsObservational studies that reported quantitative estimates of the prevalence of T2DM as their main outcome, included the general population of Saudi Arabia, and were published between 2000-2020 and in English were retrieved using three electronic databases (namely, CINAHL, Medline via PubMed, and Web of Science). Retrieved studies were screened, and relevant data were extracted. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal guideline was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. A random-effects model was used to estimate the prevalence of T2DM.ResultsTwenty-three studies were included in the systematic review, of which 19 were included in the meta-analysis (total pooled population: 258,283). The overall pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia was 16.4% (95% CI: 11.6-17.5). However, there was heterogeneity in the results of the studies [I2 = 99.31%, P < 0.0001] and the summary values varied from 3.18% (95% CI: 1.46-5.95) to 94.34% (95% CI: 89.53-97.38). Although the prevalence of T2DM by age varied across studies, in most studies, it was higher among the older age groups. In addition, the prevalence of diabetes widely varied across the different geographical regions of Saudi Arabia.ConclusionsThis is the first meta-analysis that determined the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia, and it revealed a high prevalence over the past two decades. However, owing to data collection inconsistencies in the identified studies, neither the modifiable (such as obesity, educational status, emotional support, etc.) nor the non-modifiable (such as gender and age) risk factors of T2DM could be determined, thereby indicating the need for a nationally collective effort in determining these factors. Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia. Objective: To systematically review the available literature and assess the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia between 2000 and 2020. Methods: Observational studies that reported quantitative estimates of the prevalence of T2DM as their main outcome, included the general population of Saudi Arabia, and were published between 2000–2020 and in English were retrieved using three electronic databases (namely, CINAHL, Medline via PubMed, and Web of Science). Retrieved studies were screened, and relevant data were extracted. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal guideline was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. A random-effects model was used to estimate the prevalence of T2DM. Results: Twenty-three studies were included in the systematic review, of which 19 were included in the meta-analysis (total pooled population: 258,283). The overall pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia was 16.4% (95% CI: 11.6–17.5). However, there was heterogeneity in the results of the studies [I 2 = 99.31%, P < 0.0001] and the summary values varied from 3.18% (95% CI: 1.46–5.95) to 94.34% (95% CI: 89.53–97.38). Although the prevalence of T2DM by age varied across studies, in most studies, it was higher among the older age groups. In addition, the prevalence of diabetes widely varied across the different geographical regions of Saudi Arabia. Conclusions: This is the first meta-analysis that determined the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia, and it revealed a high prevalence over the past two decades. However, owing to data collection inconsistencies in the identified studies, neither the modifiable (such as obesity, educational status, emotional support, etc.) nor the non-modifiable (such as gender and age) risk factors of T2DM could be determined, thereby indicating the need for a nationally collective effort in determining these factors. Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia. Objective: To systematically review the available literature and assess the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia between 2000 and 2020. Methods: Observational studies that reported quantitative estimates of the prevalence of T2DM as their main outcome, included the general population of Saudi Arabia, and were published between 2000–2020 and in English were retrieved using three electronic databases (namely, CINAHL, Medline via PubMed, and Web of Science). Retrieved studies were screened, and relevant data were extracted. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal guideline was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. A random-effects model was used to estimate the prevalence of T2DM. Results: Twenty-three studies were included in the systematic review, of which 19 were included in the meta-analysis (total pooled population: 258,283). The overall pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia was 16.4% (95% CI: 11.6–17.5). However, there was heterogeneity in the results of the studies [I2 = 99.31%, P < 0.0001] and the summary values varied from 3.18% (95% CI: 1.46–5.95) to 94.34% (95% CI: 89.53–97.38). Although the prevalence of T2DM by age varied across studies, in most studies, it was higher among the older age groups. In addition, the prevalence of diabetes widely varied across the different geographical regions of Saudi Arabia. Conclusions: This is the first meta-analysis that determined the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia, and it revealed a high prevalence over the past two decades. However, owing to data collection inconsistencies in the identified studies, neither the modifiable (such as obesity, educational status, emotional support, etc.) nor the non-modifiable (such as gender and age) risk factors of T2DM could be determined, thereby indicating the need for a nationally collective effort in determining these factors. Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia. Objective: To systematically review the available literature and assess the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia between 2000 and 2020. Methods: Observational studies that reported quantitative estimates of the prevalence of T2DM as their main outcome, included the general population of Saudi Arabia, and were published between 2000-2020 and in English were retrieved using three electronic databases (namely, CINAHL, Medline via PubMed, and Web of Science). Retrieved studies were screened, and relevant data were extracted. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal guideline was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. A random-effects model was used to estimate the prevalence of T2DM. Results: Twenty-three studies were included in the systematic review, of which 19 were included in the meta-analysis (total pooled population: 258,283). The overall pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia was 16.4% (95% CI: 11.6-17.5). However, there was heterogeneity in the results of the studies [I2 = 99.31%, P < 0.0001] and the summary values varied from 3.18% (95% CI: 1.46-5.95) to 94.34% (95% CI: 89.53-97.38). Although the prevalence of T2DM by age varied across studies, in most studies, it was higher among the older age groups. In addition, the prevalence of diabetes widely varied across the different geographical regions of Saudi Arabia. Conclusions: This is the first meta-analysis that determined the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia, and it revealed a high prevalence over the past two decades. However, owing to data collection inconsistencies in the identified studies, neither the modifiable (such as obesity, educational status, emotional support, etc.) nor the non-modifiable (such as gender and age) risk factors of T2DM could be determined, thereby indicating the need for a nationally collective effort in determining these factors. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia. To systematically review the available literature and assess the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia between 2000 and 2020. Observational studies that reported quantitative estimates of the prevalence of T2DM as their main outcome, included the general population of Saudi Arabia, and were published between 2000-2020 and in English were retrieved using three electronic databases (namely, CINAHL, Medline via PubMed, and Web of Science). Retrieved studies were screened, and relevant data were extracted. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal guideline was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. A random-effects model was used to estimate the prevalence of T2DM. Twenty-three studies were included in the systematic review, of which 19 were included in the meta-analysis (total pooled population: 258,283). The overall pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia was 16.4% (95% CI: 11.6-17.5). However, there was heterogeneity in the results of the studies [I = 99.31%, < 0.0001] and the summary values varied from 3.18% (95% CI: 1.46-5.95) to 94.34% (95% CI: 89.53-97.38). Although the prevalence of T2DM by age varied across studies, in most studies, it was higher among the older age groups. In addition, the prevalence of diabetes widely varied across the different geographical regions of Saudi Arabia. This is the first meta-analysis that determined the pooled prevalence of T2DM in Saudi Arabia, and it revealed a high prevalence over the past two decades. However, owing to data collection inconsistencies in the identified studies, neither the modifiable (such as obesity, educational status, emotional support, etc.) nor the non-modifiable (such as gender and age) risk factors of T2DM could be determined, thereby indicating the need for a nationally collective effort in determining these factors. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Alsyouf, Adi Al-Bsheish, Mohammad Al-Mugheed, Khalid Jarrar, Mu'taman Abusalah, Mai Albaker, Waleed Alumran, Arwa Issa, Marwan |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Department of Medical Education, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia 3 Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Medical Allied Science, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan 10 Health Information Management and Technology, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia 9 Skills Development Training Center, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 4 Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia 1 Vice Deanship for Development and Community Partnership, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia 6 Al-Nadeem Governmental Hospital, Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan 7 Department of Managing Health Services and Hospitals, Faculty of Business Rabigh, College of Business, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 8 Nursing Department, Health Faculty, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 5 Department of Health Mana |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Medical Allied Science, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan – name: 6 Al-Nadeem Governmental Hospital, Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan – name: 4 Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia – name: 8 Nursing Department, Health Faculty, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia – name: 2 Department of Medical Education, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia – name: 1 Vice Deanship for Development and Community Partnership, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia – name: 10 Health Information Management and Technology, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia – name: 5 Department of Health Management, Batterjee Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia – name: 9 Skills Development Training Center, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia – name: 7 Department of Managing Health Services and Hospitals, Faculty of Business Rabigh, College of Business, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Mu'taman surname: Jarrar fullname: Jarrar, Mu'taman organization: Vice Deanship for Development and Community Partnership, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam; Department of Medical Education, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar – sequence: 2 givenname: Mai surname: Abusalah fullname: Abusalah, Mai organization: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Medical Allied Science, Zarqa University, Zarqa – sequence: 3 givenname: Waleed surname: Albaker fullname: Albaker, Waleed organization: Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam – sequence: 4 givenname: Mohammad surname: Al-Bsheish fullname: Al-Bsheish, Mohammad organization: Department of Health Management, Batterjee Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Al-Nadeem Governmental Hospital, Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan – sequence: 5 givenname: Adi surname: Alsyouf fullname: Alsyouf, Adi organization: Department of Managing Health Services and Hospitals, Faculty of Business Rabigh, College of Business, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah – sequence: 6 givenname: Khalid surname: Al-Mugheed fullname: Al-Mugheed, Khalid organization: Nursing Department, Health Faculty, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh – sequence: 7 givenname: Marwan surname: Issa fullname: Issa, Marwan organization: Skills Development Training Center, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh – sequence: 8 givenname: Arwa surname: Alumran fullname: Alumran, Arwa organization: Health Information Management and Technology, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36909010$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNp9kl1rFDEUhgep2Fr7B7yQgDdeODXfO-OFsBY_CgUFFbwLmcyZbdqZZJvM7LK_xT_r2W5buiASSCB53yc5J-_z4iDEAEXxktFTyah4l6-GIZ_ezkbU0nD-pDjigrNSVkofFEdMq6rUgv0-LE5yvqKUMjWTSlbPikOha1pTRo-KP98TrGwPwQGJHRk3SyCctN42MEImA_S9H6dMfCDjJZAFBEi2J8u4nHo7-hi2rh92aj2ZJ9t4-5ZwvKrklNP3ZE7yJo8woNIRvMjDmtjQIna0pQ2232Sft4TYZEirWyDS84g8yC-Kp53tM5zcrcfFr8-ffp59LS--fTk_m1-UTikayrapNecKrHBUyZmQlXSghGB1SzVoRWtoNPaEWdYwyWWLBmV1DVp30s06cVyc77httFdmmfxg08ZE683tRkwLYxNW0INxWrOaikpWnZYUZIXF6sa6rhJth89A1ocdazk1A7QOwoj92oPunwR_aRZxZeq6nlWaIuDNHSDFmwnyaAafHX6DDRCnbDiqFKN6plH6eidd4AcaH7qIRLeVmzm2Qcha8S3w9B8qHC0M3mGoOo_7ewa-M7gUc07QPbyeUbPNntml7nH20PTqcd0PlvukoeDjTrCO_QgpX_fTGpJB7XWI6_-gDTP3GRV_AXoi8ZA |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3390_medicina60030442 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_59468 crossref_primary_10_3389_fncom_2024_1307305 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpubh_2023_1278103 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpubh_2024_1322072 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_diabres_2024_111770 crossref_primary_10_52711_0974_360X_2024_00232 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms241612641 crossref_primary_10_2147_DMSO_S454916 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jsps_2024_102069 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_64124 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40520_024_02789_5 crossref_primary_10_1177_23779608231219137 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_56068 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2024_e31283 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0300028 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_50782 crossref_primary_10_3390_jpm13081270 crossref_primary_10_3390_metabo13060767 crossref_primary_10_1093_cvr_cvad176 crossref_primary_10_3390_diseases11040184 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm13010118 crossref_primary_10_2147_DMSO_S458003 crossref_primary_10_56741_jphs_v2i03_361 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_50935 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1007/s00038-014-0612-4 10.1089/dia.2014.0267 10.1136/jech-2020-216116 10.2147/PPA.S139471 10.5334/aogh.2467 10.1002/hpm.2899 10.1002/sim.1186 10.19082/5531 10.1186/1741-7015-9-76 10.1186/1475-2891-9-39 10.1136/jech-2013-203104 10.1155/2018/2194604 10.3889/oamjms.2019.046 10.1136/bmj.n71 10.1111/biom.12817 10.4103/2230-8229.108174 10.19082/5294 10.1097/XEB.0000000000000054 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2101 10.1093/biomet/26.4.404 10.1007/s10844-006-2974-4 10.1371/journal.pone.0157730 10.1530/EJE-10-0241 10.1111/1753-0407.12224 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_634_19 10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013569 10.2174/1573399811666150724095130 10.1177/1536867X0400400204 10.2174/1874192401812010041 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.12.036 10.15537/smj.2021.42.5.20200676 10.4103/0256-4947.75773 10.2147/CMAR.S183181 10.1186/1471-2458-10-732 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.02.023 10.1007/s13410-013-0189-0 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107843 10.1249/01.mss.0000191346.95244.f7 10.1371/journal.pone.0152559 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.11.002 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Copyright: © 2023 Saudi Journal of Medicine & Medical Sciences. COPYRIGHT 2023 Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd. Copyright: © 2023 Saudi Journal of Medicine & Medical Sciences 2023 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Copyright: © 2023 Saudi Journal of Medicine & Medical Sciences. – notice: COPYRIGHT 2023 Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd. – notice: Copyright: © 2023 Saudi Journal of Medicine & Medical Sciences 2023 |
| DBID | NPM AAYXX CITATION 7X8 5PM DOA |
| DOI | 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_394_22 |
| DatabaseName | PubMed CrossRef MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | PubMed CrossRef MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic CrossRef PubMed |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine |
| EISSN | 2321-4856 |
| EndPage | 10 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_c661903848f640e482006bacf83df962 A734349520 10_4103_sjmms_sjmms_394_22 36909010 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_394_22_1_Prevalen |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GeographicLocations | Saudi Arabia |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: Saudi Arabia |
| GroupedDBID | ABXLX ACGFS ADBBV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS BCNDV EMOBN GROUPED_DOAJ H13 HYE IAO IEA IHR ITC N95 OK1 RMW RPM W3E NPM AAYXX CITATION KQ8 OVD PGMZT TEORI 7X8 5PM |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c550n-db96225ea3c05473484ce53319d06e6509eb68561a1b1424ddb95a69e66f4c7f3 |
| IEDL.DBID | RPM |
| ISSN | 1658-631X |
| IngestDate | Tue Oct 22 15:13:43 EDT 2024 Tue Sep 17 21:30:09 EDT 2024 Thu Apr 11 20:02:45 EDT 2024 Thu Feb 22 23:57:04 EST 2024 Tue Nov 12 23:24:49 EST 2024 Wed Sep 11 14:24:47 EDT 2024 Wed Mar 15 03:58:51 EDT 2023 Wed Jan 25 03:10:57 EST 2023 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 1 |
| Keywords | Saudi Arabia type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence systematic review random-effects model Meta-analysis |
| Language | English |
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 Copyright: © 2023 Saudi Journal of Medicine & Medical Sciences. This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c550n-db96225ea3c05473484ce53319d06e6509eb68561a1b1424ddb95a69e66f4c7f3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9997860/ |
| PMID | 36909010 |
| PQID | 2786510676 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| PageCount | 10 |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_c661903848f640e482006bacf83df962 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9997860 proquest_miscellaneous_2786510676 gale_infotracmisc_A734349520 gale_infotracacademiconefile_A734349520 crossref_primary_10_4103_sjmms_sjmms_394_22 pubmed_primary_36909010 wolterskluwer_medknow_10_4103_sjmms_sjmms_394_22_1_Prevalen |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 20230101 2023 Jan-Mar 2023-01-00 2023-01-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2023-01-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 1 year: 2023 text: 20230101 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | India |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: India |
| PublicationTitle | Saudi journal of medicine & medical sciences |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Saudi J Med Med Sci |
| PublicationYear | 2023 |
| Publisher | Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd Wolters Kluwer - Medknow Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd – name: Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd – name: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow – name: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| References | Clopper (R13-1-20240909) 1934; 26 Aldossari (R35-1-20240909) 2018; 2018 Saeedi (R3-1-20240909) 2019; 157 Aljulifi (R6-1-20240909) 2021; 42 Al-Daghri (R30-1-20240909) 2011; 9 Alhazmi (R37-1-20240909) 2017; 9 Al-Attas (R47-1-20240909) 2010; 163 Janssen (R50-1-20240909) 2017; 11 Cai Lian (R54-1-20240909) 2016; 11 Albakr (R29-1-20240909) 2013; 10 Al-Quwaidhi (R20-1-20240909) 2014; 103 Alqurashi (R28-1-20240909) 2011; 31 Hilawe (R48-1-20240909) 2016; 78 Ouzzani (R10-1-20240909) 2016; 5 Barendregt (R12-1-20240909) 2013; 67 Al Osaimi (R25-1-20240909) 2007; 18 Al-Rubeaan (R27-1-20240909) 2015; 7 Braverman-Bronstein (R51-1-20240909) 2021; 75 Bahijri (R32-1-20240909) 2016; 11 Al-Zahrani (R39-1-20240909) 2019; 85 Mokdad (R8-1-20240909) 2015; 06 Higgins (R15-1-20240909) 2002; 21 Gutierrez (R34-1-20240909) 2018; 12 Sterne (R17-1-20240909) 2004; 4 Munn (R21-1-20240909) 2015; 13 Jayaraj (R19-1-20240909) 2018; 10 Al-Rethaiaa (R46-1-20240909) 2010; 9 Alhowaish (R7-1-20240909) 2013; 20 Guariguata (R44-1-20240909) 2014; 103 Memish (R43-1-20240909) 2015; 17 Mohamed (R38-1-20240909) 2019; 7 Page (R9-1-20240909) 2021; 372 El Bcheraoui (R31-1-20240909) 2014; 59 Higgins (R16-1-20240909) 2006; 27 Alanazi (R36-1-20240909) 2017; 9 Karim (R24-1-20240909) 2000; 21 Cho (R2-1-20240909) 2018; 138 Al-Baghli (R40-1-20240909) 2010; 51 Afifi (R26-1-20240909) 2015; 35 Albarakat (R42-1-20240909) 2019; 8 Tzotzas (R52-1-20240909) 2010; 10 Al-Hanawi (R41-1-20240909) 2020; 35 Lin (R18-1-20240909) 2018; 74 Bassiony (R45-1-20240909) 2009; 30 Al-Orf (R22-1-20240909) 2012; 17 Abou-Gamel (R23-1-20240909) 2014; 9 Hadlaq (R33-1-20240909) 2017; 18 Pettee (R53-1-20240909) 2006; 38 Steele (R49-1-20240909) 2017; 7 Al Dawish (R5-1-20240909) 2016; 12 |
| References_xml | – volume: 59 start-page: 1011 year: 2014 ident: R31-1-20240909 article-title: Status of the diabetes epidemic in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2013 publication-title: Int J Public Health doi: 10.1007/s00038-014-0612-4 contributor: fullname: El Bcheraoui – volume: 17 start-page: 693 year: 2015 ident: R43-1-20240909 article-title: Screening for type 2 diabetes and dysglycemia in Saudi Arabia: Development and validation of risk scores publication-title: Diabetes Technol Ther doi: 10.1089/dia.2014.0267 contributor: fullname: Memish – volume: 30 start-page: 876 year: 2009 ident: R45-1-20240909 article-title: Smoking in Saudi Arabia publication-title: Saudi Med J contributor: fullname: Bassiony – volume: 75 start-page: 874 year: 2021 ident: R51-1-20240909 article-title: Association of education level with diabetes prevalence in Latin American cities and its modification by city social environment publication-title: J Epidemiol Community Health doi: 10.1136/jech-2020-216116 contributor: fullname: Braverman-Bronstein – volume: 11 start-page: 1729 year: 2017 ident: R50-1-20240909 article-title: Education and patient preferences for treating type 2 diabetes: A stratified discrete-choice experiment publication-title: Patient Prefer Adherence doi: 10.2147/PPA.S139471 contributor: fullname: Janssen – volume: 85 start-page: 109 year: 2019 ident: R39-1-20240909 article-title: Prevalence of prediabetes, diabetes and its predictors among females in Alkharj, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study publication-title: Ann Glob Health doi: 10.5334/aogh.2467 contributor: fullname: Al-Zahrani – volume: 35 start-page: 233 year: 2020 ident: R41-1-20240909 article-title: Socio-economic inequalities in diabetes prevalence in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia publication-title: Int J Health Plann Manage doi: 10.1002/hpm.2899 contributor: fullname: Al-Hanawi – volume: 21 start-page: 1539 year: 2002 ident: R15-1-20240909 article-title: Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis publication-title: Stat Med doi: 10.1002/sim.1186 contributor: fullname: Higgins – volume: 17 start-page: 1020 year: 2012 ident: R22-1-20240909 article-title: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in elderly females living in Riyadh Social Welfare Home publication-title: World Appl Sci J contributor: fullname: Al-Orf – volume: 9 start-page: 5531 year: 2017 ident: R37-1-20240909 article-title: Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its relation with obesity in Turaif (Saudi Arabia) in 2017 publication-title: Electron Physician doi: 10.19082/5531 contributor: fullname: Alhazmi – volume: 18 start-page: 147 year: 2007 ident: R25-1-20240909 article-title: Diabetes mellitus-prevalence and associated cardiovascular risk factors in a Saudi sub-urban community publication-title: Biomed Res contributor: fullname: Al Osaimi – volume: 9 start-page: 76 year: 2011 ident: R30-1-20240909 article-title: Diabetes mellitus type 2 and other chronic non-communicable diseases in the central region, Saudi Arabia (Riyadh cohort 2): A decade of an epidemic publication-title: BMC Med doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-9-76 contributor: fullname: Al-Daghri – volume: 9 start-page: 39 year: 2010 ident: R46-1-20240909 article-title: Obesity and eating habits among college students in Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study publication-title: Nutr J doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-9-39 contributor: fullname: Al-Rethaiaa – volume: 67 start-page: 974 year: 2013 ident: R12-1-20240909 article-title: Meta-analysis of prevalence publication-title: J Epidemiol Community Health doi: 10.1136/jech-2013-203104 contributor: fullname: Barendregt – volume: 2018 start-page: 2194604 year: 2018 ident: R35-1-20240909 article-title: Prevalence of prediabetes, diabetes, and its associated risk factors among males in Saudi Arabia: A population-based survey publication-title: J Diabetes Res doi: 10.1155/2018/2194604 contributor: fullname: Aldossari – volume: 7 start-page: 831 year: 2019 ident: R38-1-20240909 article-title: Prevalence of risk factors for diabetes mellitus and hypertension among adult in Tabuk – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia publication-title: Open Access Maced J Med Sci doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.046 contributor: fullname: Mohamed – volume: 372 start-page: n71 year: 2021 ident: R9-1-20240909 article-title: The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews publication-title: BMJ doi: 10.1136/bmj.n71 contributor: fullname: Page – volume: 74 start-page: 785 year: 2018 ident: R18-1-20240909 article-title: Quantifying publication bias in meta-analysis publication-title: Biometrics doi: 10.1111/biom.12817 contributor: fullname: Lin – volume: 20 start-page: 1 year: 2013 ident: R7-1-20240909 article-title: Economic costs of diabetes in Saudi Arabia publication-title: J Fam Community Med doi: 10.4103/2230-8229.108174 contributor: fullname: Alhowaish – volume: 21 start-page: 438 year: 2000 ident: R24-1-20240909 article-title: Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a Saudi community publication-title: Saudi Med J contributor: fullname: Karim – volume: 9 start-page: 5294 year: 2017 ident: R36-1-20240909 article-title: Prevalence of diabetes and its relation with age and sex in Turaif city, Northern Saudi Arabia in 2016-2017 publication-title: Electron Physician doi: 10.19082/5294 contributor: fullname: Alanazi – volume: 13 start-page: 147 year: 2015 ident: R21-1-20240909 article-title: Methodological guidance for systematic reviews of observational epidemiological studies reporting prevalence and cumulative incidence data publication-title: Int J Evid Based Healthc doi: 10.1097/XEB.0000000000000054 contributor: fullname: Munn – volume: 18 start-page: 652 year: 2017 ident: R33-1-20240909 article-title: Early screening of diabetes and hypertension in primary care dental clinics at King Saud University in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia publication-title: J Contemp Dent Pract doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2101 contributor: fullname: Hadlaq – volume: 26 start-page: 404 year: 1934 ident: R13-1-20240909 article-title: the use of confidence or fiducial limits illustrated in the case of the binomial publication-title: Biometrika doi: 10.1093/biomet/26.4.404 contributor: fullname: Clopper – volume: 27 start-page: 159 year: 2006 ident: R16-1-20240909 article-title: Measuring inconsistency in knowledgebases publication-title: J Intell Inf Syst doi: 10.1007/s10844-006-2974-4 contributor: fullname: Higgins – volume: 10 start-page: 310 year: 2013 ident: R29-1-20240909 article-title: Prevalence and risk factors of diabetes mellitus (I & II) in a sample of adults population of Al-Khobar city, Saudi Arabia, within 2010-2011 publication-title: Life Sci J contributor: fullname: Albakr – volume: 11 start-page: e0157730 year: 2016 ident: R54-1-20240909 article-title: Physical activity and its correlates among adults in Malaysia: A cross-sectional descriptive study publication-title: PLoS One doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157730 contributor: fullname: Cai Lian – volume: 163 start-page: 601 year: 2010 ident: R47-1-20240909 article-title: Adiposity and insulin resistance correlate with telomere length in middle-aged Arabs: The influence of circulating adiponectin publication-title: Eur J Endocrinol doi: 10.1530/EJE-10-0241 contributor: fullname: Al-Attas – volume: 7 start-page: 622 year: 2015 ident: R27-1-20240909 article-title: Epidemiology of abnormal glucose metabolism in a country facing its epidemic: SAUDI-DM study publication-title: J Diabetes doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.12224 contributor: fullname: Al-Rubeaan – volume: 8 start-page: 3303 year: 2019 ident: R42-1-20240909 article-title: Prevalence of type 2 diabetes and their complications among home health care patients at Al-Kharj Military Industries Corporation Hospital publication-title: J Family Med Prim Care doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_634_19 contributor: fullname: Albarakat – volume: 5 start-page: 210 year: 2016 ident: R10-1-20240909 article-title: Rayyan-a web and mobile app for systematic reviews publication-title: Syst Rev doi: 10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4 contributor: fullname: Ouzzani – volume: 78 start-page: 475 year: 2016 ident: R48-1-20240909 article-title: Prevalence and predictors of prediabetes and diabetes among adults in Palau: Population-based national STEPS survey publication-title: Nagoya J Med Sci contributor: fullname: Hilawe – volume: 7 start-page: e013569 year: 2017 ident: R49-1-20240909 article-title: Education achievement and type 2 diabetes-what mediates the relationship in older adults? Data from the ESTHER study: A population-based cohort study publication-title: BMJ Open doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013569 contributor: fullname: Steele – volume: 12 start-page: 359 year: 2016 ident: R5-1-20240909 article-title: Diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia: A review of the recent literature publication-title: Curr Diabetes Rev doi: 10.2174/1573399811666150724095130 contributor: fullname: Al Dawish – volume: 4 start-page: 127 year: 2004 ident: R17-1-20240909 article-title: Funnel plots in meta-analysis publication-title: Stata J Promot Commun Stat Stata doi: 10.1177/1536867X0400400204 contributor: fullname: Sterne – volume: 12 start-page: 41 year: 2018 ident: R34-1-20240909 article-title: Cardiovascular disease risk factors: Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity among Tabuk Citizens in Saudi Arabia publication-title: Open Cardiovasc Med J doi: 10.2174/1874192401812010041 contributor: fullname: Gutierrez – volume: 51 start-page: 923 year: 2010 ident: R40-1-20240909 article-title: Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose levels in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: Results of a screening campaign publication-title: Singapore Med J contributor: fullname: Al-Baghli – volume: 103 start-page: 496 year: 2014 ident: R20-1-20240909 article-title: Comparison of type 2 diabetes prevalence estimates in Saudi Arabia from a validated Markov model against the International Diabetes Federation and other modelling studies publication-title: Diabetes Res Clin Pract doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.12.036 contributor: fullname: Al-Quwaidhi – volume: 42 start-page: 481 year: 2021 ident: R6-1-20240909 article-title: Prevalence and reasons of increased type 2 diabetes in Gulf cooperation council countries publication-title: Saudi Med J doi: 10.15537/smj.2021.42.5.20200676 contributor: fullname: Aljulifi – volume: 06 start-page: 6 year: 2015 ident: R8-1-20240909 article-title: Cost of diabetes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2014 publication-title: J Diabetes Metab contributor: fullname: Mokdad – volume: 31 start-page: 19 year: 2011 ident: R28-1-20240909 article-title: Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a Saudi community publication-title: Ann Saudi Med doi: 10.4103/0256-4947.75773 contributor: fullname: Alqurashi – volume: 9 start-page: 85 year: 2014 ident: R23-1-20240909 article-title: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus among working personnel in the faculty of science, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, KSA publication-title: J Taibah Univ Med Sci contributor: fullname: Abou-Gamel – volume: 10 start-page: 4669 year: 2018 ident: R19-1-20240909 article-title: Systematic review and meta-analysis of cancer studies evaluating diagnostic test accuracy and prognostic values: Approaches to improve clinical interpretation of results publication-title: Cancer Manag Res doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S183181 contributor: fullname: Jayaraj – volume: 10 start-page: 732 year: 2010 ident: R52-1-20240909 article-title: Marital status and educational level associated to obesity in Greek adults: Data from the National Epidemiological Survey publication-title: BMC Public Health doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-732 contributor: fullname: Tzotzas – volume: 138 start-page: 271 year: 2018 ident: R2-1-20240909 article-title: IDF diabetes atlas: Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045 publication-title: Diabetes Res Clin Pract doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.02.023 contributor: fullname: Cho – volume: 35 start-page: 149 year: 2015 ident: R26-1-20240909 article-title: A community screening plan for the prevalence of some chronic diseases in specified adult populations in Saudi Arabia: 1- prediabetes and diabetes mellitus publication-title: Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries doi: 10.1007/s13410-013-0189-0 contributor: fullname: Afifi – volume: 157 start-page: 107843 year: 2019 ident: R3-1-20240909 article-title: Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation diabetes Atlas, 9th edition publication-title: Diabetes Res Clin Pract doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107843 contributor: fullname: Saeedi – volume: 38 start-page: 541 year: 2006 ident: R53-1-20240909 article-title: Influence of marital status on physical activity levels among older adults publication-title: Med Sci Sports Exerc doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000191346.95244.f7 contributor: fullname: Pettee – volume: 11 start-page: e0152559 year: 2016 ident: R32-1-20240909 article-title: The prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in the adult population of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia – A Community-Based survey publication-title: PLoS One doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152559 contributor: fullname: Bahijri – volume: 103 start-page: 137 year: 2014 ident: R44-1-20240909 article-title: Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035 publication-title: Diabetes Res Clin Pract doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.11.002 contributor: fullname: Guariguata |
| SSID | ssj0001574548 ssib039765528 |
| Score | 2.4167488 |
| Snippet | Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia.
Objective: To systematically review the... The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia. To systematically review the available literature and... Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia. Objective: To systematically review the... BackgroundThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia.ObjectiveTo systematically review the available... |
| SourceID | doaj pubmedcentral proquest gale crossref pubmed wolterskluwer |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 1 |
| SubjectTerms | Analysis meta-analysis prevalence random-effects model saudi arabia systematic review Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis Type 2 diabetes type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3Nq9QwEA_yDiKI-G31KREEDxpNm4-melrFx0N4XvTB3kKSprrKtg-7i1f_B8_-c_4lzjTdtVXQi5cemiZtMpPMR2d-Q8gDrrgMcMwxXWrPZFCOGREUQ3W8DN6Bxo2Jwidv9PGpfL1Uy0mpL4wJS_DAaeGeBhAgFRdGmkZLHqVBG9i70BhRN9V4-vJqYkyl_OBSqqF0Vg4ilmmRL1PGjMzRcfdxve6fDFcrKmmLYiaVBvD-P4_oiYz6PX7y4pcO_233n4bQ9omAOrpMLo2aJV2kGV0h52J7lZw_Gf-dXyPfEa3JDTlGtGso-l5pQXe-V7pGZM7NtqerloJSSN8nPGp6tq_whb3eum29gnc4v3KPKSbg_Pj6rQBl8Bld0F-o0DRlxFDX1jDwxjE3Yp_gGJ3fe4Jh_D4FMl4np0ev3r08ZmNxBhbAqGlZ7WHxCxWdCBzrF0sjQwTdMa9qriPi8kWvDWhnLkc_k6yhg3K6ilo3MpSNuEEO2q6NtwiNjpe1ajD7K5e1EA7McuVDrJrIDRwoGXm0I449SxgcFmwXJKVNRJySMiMvkH77JxE_e7gBXGVHrrL_4qqMPETqW9zlQOLgxmQF-GDEy7ILmLAA27LgGTmcPQm7M8ya7-_4x2IThrS1sdv2tiiNVgjgpzNyM_HT_puFrjjGzWSknHHabFLzlnb1YQAHB4UfBoaez2c8adcpu_IvC2dzu2PE2_9jDe-QC8B_IvmrDsnB5vM23gUNbuPvDZv1Jy0ZRX8 priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Title | Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the general population of Saudi Arabia, 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies |
| URI | http://www.sjmms.net/article.asp?issn=1658-631X;year=2023;volume=11;issue=1;spage=1;epage=10;aulast=Jarrar;type=0 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36909010 https://search.proquest.com/docview/2786510676 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9997860 https://doaj.org/article/c661903848f640e482006bacf83df962 |
| Volume | 11 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1Lb9QwELbaHhASQrwJlMpISBwgu078SAKnpWpVIS1UKhV7sxzHKQE2WzW74sp_4Myf45cw4zy0AYkDlxzWiRPvzHi-sWc-E_KMSSYsTHOhSlQeCitNmHIrQ4Tjic0NIG4sFJ6_Uyfn4u1CLnaI7GthfNK-zatJ_XU5qatPPrfycmmnfZ7Y9HR-CKAmSRWb7pJdUNBxiI7-VcoOU7elwomQ_hStCLxtqHi0aItnRIRreJ-Xy2bir5pnQsfxyEF5Hv-_Z-std_VnKuWNbyvc5m6--Cz3LV91fIvc7EAmnbWDuU12XH2HXJt32-h3yU8kbjK-3IiuSoqxKI1plxzT0DmSdK43Da1qCviQdtTU9HQ47AufOjObooJ3mLwyLynW4vz6_iMGXPiKzujZQBBN290HauoCOl6bsKdBwT7e58OiMPTf5TTeI-fHRx8OT8LunIbQQnxTh0WeKZgWnOGW4VHGIhXWAYyMsoIphxR9LlcpADUT4ZKTKOABaVTmlCqFTUp-n-zVq9o9JNQZlhSyxEKwSBScG4jQZW5dVjqWwtwSkBe9cPRlS8ehIYxBUepWiNuiDMgblN9wJ1Jp-x9WVxe6UyhtAaFkjKciLZVgTqS4yJIbW6a8KGFgAXmO0tdo8CBia7q6BfhgpM7SMxgwhzAzZgHZH90JhmpHzU97_dHYhNlttVttGh2DNkvk8lMBedDq0_DNXGUMU2gCkow0bTSocQuYjecJ78wkIK9HOqmXbaHlP_44HeleER_993sfk-sxHpaM6T9yn-ytrzbuCSC4dX7gVz4OvN3C9SM_-g1aEUmA |
| link.rule.ids | 230,315,730,783,787,867,888,2109,27936,27937,53804,53806 |
| linkProvider | National Library of Medicine |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1bb9MwFLbGkAAJcb8EBhgJiQdI68SXJPBUJqYC65i0DfXNsh0Hymg6ra2QeOI_8Myf45dwTi5VMyQkeOlDnDhx8vX4O8fnfCbkCZNMODBzoUqUDYWTJky5kyHS8cRZA4wbC4VHe2p4JN6O5XiDyLYWpkrad3bSK79Me-XkU5VbeTJ1_TZPrL8_2gZSk6SK9c-R8_B_ZaLrpOMMK2XDquti4UTIah-tCObbUPFoXJfPiAijeJ-n03mv-tU8EzqOO1NUpeT_p71em7DOJlNe_jrDhe75cZXnvjZb7VwlH9px1kkqx73lwvbctzMSkP_8Iq6RKw1_pYO6-TrZ8OUNcmHUrNDfJD9RE8pUlUx0VlB0c2lMm7ybOR2h_udiOaeTkgL1pI3qNd1f7SOGVx2YZT6Bexg7Mc8plvn8-v4jBsr5gg7owUp7mtYLG9SUOXS8MGGrsIJ9vLereDP036RL3iJHO68Pt4dhswVE6MB1KsPcZgosjjfcMdwlWaTCeWCoUZYz5VH9z1uVAgc0EUazRA4XSKMyr1QhXFLw22SznJX-LqHesCSXBdaYRSLn3IDzL63zWeFZCmYrIM_ar65PaqUPDR4SYkTX6FjHSEBeITBWZ6JKd3VgdvpRN59IOyA_GeOpSAslmBcpxm-scUXK8wIGFpCnCCuNtgSw40xTEgEPjKpcegAD5uDBxiwgW50zwQa4TvPjFpgamzBxrvSz5VzHgA-JMoEqIHdqoK6emauMYXZOQJIOhDuD6rYAECsJ8gZ4AXnZAbue1jWcf3lxOtItEO_9930fkYvDw9Gu3n2z9-4-uQQA5HVYbItsLk6X_gEQxYV9WJmF3_-NaZo |
| linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3LjtMwFLVgkEZIiPcjMICRkFhAWid2HAdWZaAaHh1GGkaq2Fi240AZmlbTVkis-AfW_Bxfwr15VM0gsZhNFrHjxMnJ9bn2vceEPGYJEw7MXChTaUPhEhMq7pIQ6XjqrAHGjYnCo325dyTejpPxxlZfVdC-s5Ne-W3aKydfqtjK-dT12zix_sFoF0hNqiTrz_Oif55cgH-Wya6jjqNskjTMuk4YTkVS7aUVwZgbSh6N6xQaEeFM3tfpdNGrjppnQsdxZ5iq1Pz_tdkbg9bpgMpL32e42L04rmLdN0as4RXyqe1rHahy3Fstbc_9OCUDeaaXcZVcbngsHdRVrpFzvrxOtkfNSv0N8hu1oUyV0URnBUV3l8a0ib9Z0BHqgC5XCzopKVBQ2qhf04P1fmJ41aFZ5RO4h7ET84xius-fn79ioJ7P6YAerjWoab3AQU2ZQ8NLE7ZKK9jGB7ued4b2m7DJm-Ro-Prj7l7YbAUROnChyjC3mQTL4w13DHdLFko4D0w1ynImPaoAeisVcEET4ayWyOGCxMjMS1kIlxb8FtkqZ6W_Q6g3LM2TAnPNIpFzblKlEut8VnimwHwF5Gn75fW8VvzQ4CkhTnSNkE2cBOQlgmNdE9W6qxOzk8-6-UzaAQnKGFdCFVIwLxTO41jjCsXzAjoWkCcILY02BfDjTJMaAQ-M6lx6AB3m4MnGLCA7nZpgC1yn-FELTo1FGEBX-tlqoWPASIJygTIgt2uwrp-Zy4xhlE5A0g6MO53qlgAYKynyBnwBedEBvJ7WuZz_eXE60i0Q7575vg_J9sGroX7_Zv_dPXIR8Mfr2bEdsrU8Wfn7wBeX9kFlGf4CGeJsGg |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Prevalence+of+Type+2+Diabetes+Mellitus+in+the+General+Population+of+Saudi+Arabia%2C+2000-2020%3A+A+Systematic+Review+and+Meta-Analysis+of+Observational+Studies&rft.jtitle=Saudi+journal+of+medicine+%26+medical+sciences&rft.au=Jarrar%2C+Mu%27taman&rft.au=Abusalah%2C+Mai+Abdel+Haleem&rft.au=Albaker%2C+Waleed&rft.au=Al-Bsheish%2C+Mohammad&rft.date=2023-01-01&rft.eissn=2321-4856&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.epage=10&rft_id=info:doi/10.4103%2Fsjmms.sjmms_394_22&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1658-631X&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1658-631X&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1658-631X&client=summon |