genetic diversity of two Brazilian Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with different patterns of spatial distribution and pollination biology
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic fields in south-eastern Brazil were studied. Vellozia epidendroides is short, grows on pebbly or sandy soil, and is pollinated by bees. Velloz...
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| Published in | Annals of botany Vol. 97; no. 4; pp. 585 - 592 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Oxford University Press
01.04.2006
Oxford Publishing Limited (England) |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic fields in south-eastern Brazil were studied. Vellozia epidendroides is short, grows on pebbly or sandy soil, and is pollinated by bees. Vellozia leptopetala is arborescent, grows on rock outcrops, and is pollinated by bees and hummingbirds. Both are self-incompatible and have a short, massive flowering strategy. The study aimed to associate differences in their genetic diversity and structure with their microhabitat distribution and pollination ecology. METHODS: Leaves from 106 and 139 plants of V. epidendroides and V. leptopetala, respectively, were collected from five patches of each species and prepared for electrophoretic analyses. KEY RESULTS: Five enzyme systems could be reliably scored for both species. Vellozia epidendroides showed 100 % of the loci polymorphic for almost all patches. The average number of alleles per locus ranged between 2·2 and 2·4 among patches. The Wright's fixation index (F) for this species was 0·226. A significant {theta}[subscript p] value indicates that there is a reasonable genetic divergence among patches. Vellozia leptopetala presented 47·5 % of polymorphic loci. All levels of P, A, A[subscript p] and of heterozygosities were lower than those of V. epidendroides. Vellozia leptopetala showed high inbreeding within patches. CONCLUSIONS: The relatively high values of genetic diversity indices found for V. epidendroides may be associated with its large and widespread populations. On the other hand, the low values of genetic diversity found for V. leptopetala may be related to physical isolation on outcrops and intensive foraging by territorial hummingbirds, which may hinder gene flow among patches, aggravated by the very restricted seed dispersal characteristic of the genus, that facilitates sibling mating. It is important to stress the need to preserve the specific habitats of these species of Vellozia, in particular those of V. leptopetala that has lower genetic diversity and is restricted to rock outcrop environments. |
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| AbstractList | times BACKGROUND: and Aims The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic fields in south-eastern Brazil were studied. Vellozia epidendroides is short, grows on pebbly or sandy soil, and is pollinated by bees. Vellozia leptopetala is arborescent, grows on rock outcrops, and is pollinated by bees and hummingbirds. Both are self-incompatible and have a short, massive flowering strategy. The study aimed to associate differences in their genetic diversity and structure with their microhabitat distribution and pollination ecology. times METHODS: Leaves from 106 and 139 plants of V. epidendroides and V. leptopetala, respectively, were collected from five patches of each species and prepared for electrophoretic analyses. times Key Results Five enzyme systems could be reliably scored for both species. Vellozia epidendroides showed 100 % of the loci polymorphic for almost all patches. The average number of alleles per locus ranged between 2.2 and 2.4 among patches. The Wright's fixation index (F) for this species was 0.226. A significant {theta} sub(p) value indicates that there is a reasonable genetic divergence among patches. Vellozia leptopetala presented 47.5 % of polymorphic loci. All levels of P, A, A sub(p) and of heterozygosities were lower than those of V. epidendroides. Vellozia leptopetala showed high inbreeding within patches. times CONCLUSIONS: The relatively high values of genetic diversity indices found for V. epidendroides may be associated with its large and widespread populations. On the other hand, the low values of genetic diversity found for V. leptopetala may be related to physical isolation on outcrops and intensive foraging by territorial hummingbirds, which may hinder gene flow among patches, aggravated by the very restricted seed dispersal characteristic of the genus, that facilitates sibling mating. It is important to stress the need to preserve the specific habitats of these species of Vellozia, in particular those of V. leptopetala that has lower genetic diversity and is restricted to rock outcrop environments. * Background and Aims The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic fields in south-eastern Brazil were studied. Vellozia epidendroides is short, grows on pebbly or sandy soil, and is pollinated by bees. Vellozia leptopetala is arborescent, grows on rock outcrops, and is pollinated by bees and hummingbirds. Both are self-incompatible and have a short, massive flowering strategy. The study aimed to associate differences in their genetic diversity and structure with their microhabitat distribution and pollination ecology. * Methods Leaves from 106 and 139 plants of V. epidendroides and V. leptopetala, respectively, were collected from five patches of each species and prepared for electrophoretic analyses. * Key Results Five enzyme systems could be reliably scored for both species. Vellozia epidendroides showed 100 % of the loci polymorphic for almost all patches. The average number of alleles per locus ranged between 2·2 and 2·4 among patches. The Wright's fixation index (F) for this species was 0·226. A significant θp value indicates that there is a reasonable genetic divergence among patches. Vellozia leptopetala presented 47·5 % of polymorphic loci. All levels of P, A, Ap and of heterozygosities were lower than those of V. epidendroides. Vellozia leptopetala showed high inbreeding within patches. * Conclusions The relatively high values of genetic diversity indices found for V. epidendroides may be associated with its large and widespread populations. On the other hand, the low values of genetic diversity found for V. leptopetala may be related to physical isolation on outcrops and intensive foraging by territorial hummingbirds, which may hinder gene flow among patches, aggravated by the very restricted seed dispersal characteristic of the genus, that facilitates sibling mating. It is important to stress the need to preserve the specific habitats of these species of Vellozia, in particular those of V. leptopetala that has lower genetic diversity and is restricted to rock outcrop environments. The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic fields in south-eastern Brazil were studied. Vellozia epidendroides is short, grows on pebbly or sandy soil, and is pollinated by bees. Vellozia leptopetala is arborescent, grows on rock outcrops, and is pollinated by bees and hummingbirds. Both are self-incompatible and have a short, massive flowering strategy. The study aimed to associate differences in their genetic diversity and structure with their microhabitat distribution and pollination ecology.BACKGROUND AND AIMSThe genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic fields in south-eastern Brazil were studied. Vellozia epidendroides is short, grows on pebbly or sandy soil, and is pollinated by bees. Vellozia leptopetala is arborescent, grows on rock outcrops, and is pollinated by bees and hummingbirds. Both are self-incompatible and have a short, massive flowering strategy. The study aimed to associate differences in their genetic diversity and structure with their microhabitat distribution and pollination ecology.Leaves from 106 and 139 plants of V. epidendroides and V. leptopetala, respectively, were collected from five patches of each species and prepared for electrophoretic analyses.METHODSLeaves from 106 and 139 plants of V. epidendroides and V. leptopetala, respectively, were collected from five patches of each species and prepared for electrophoretic analyses.Five enzyme systems could be reliably scored for both species. Vellozia epidendroides showed 100 % of the loci polymorphic for almost all patches. The average number of alleles per locus ranged between 2.2 and 2.4 among patches. The Wright's fixation index (F) for this species was 0.226. A significant (p) value indicates that there is a reasonable genetic divergence among patches. Vellozia leptopetala presented 47.5 % of polymorphic loci. All levels of P, A, A(p) and of heterozygosities were lower than those of V. epidendroides. Vellozia leptopetala showed high inbreeding within patches.KEY RESULTSFive enzyme systems could be reliably scored for both species. Vellozia epidendroides showed 100 % of the loci polymorphic for almost all patches. The average number of alleles per locus ranged between 2.2 and 2.4 among patches. The Wright's fixation index (F) for this species was 0.226. A significant (p) value indicates that there is a reasonable genetic divergence among patches. Vellozia leptopetala presented 47.5 % of polymorphic loci. All levels of P, A, A(p) and of heterozygosities were lower than those of V. epidendroides. Vellozia leptopetala showed high inbreeding within patches.The relatively high values of genetic diversity indices found for V. epidendroides may be associated with its large and widespread populations. On the other hand, the low values of genetic diversity found for V. leptopetala may be related to physical isolation on outcrops and intensive foraging by territorial hummingbirds, which may hinder gene flow among patches, aggravated by the very restricted seed dispersal characteristic of the genus, that facilitates sibling mating. It is important to stress the need to preserve the specific habitats of these species of Vellozia, in particular those of V. leptopetala that has lower genetic diversity and is restricted to rock outcrop environments.CONCLUSIONSThe relatively high values of genetic diversity indices found for V. epidendroides may be associated with its large and widespread populations. On the other hand, the low values of genetic diversity found for V. leptopetala may be related to physical isolation on outcrops and intensive foraging by territorial hummingbirds, which may hinder gene flow among patches, aggravated by the very restricted seed dispersal characteristic of the genus, that facilitates sibling mating. It is important to stress the need to preserve the specific habitats of these species of Vellozia, in particular those of V. leptopetala that has lower genetic diversity and is restricted to rock outcrop environments. • Background and Aims The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic fields in south-eastern Brazil were studied. Vellozia epidendroides is short, grows on pebbly or sandy soil, and is pollinated by bees. Vellozia leptopetala is arborescent, grows on rock outcrops, and is pollinated by bees and hummingbirds. Both are self-incompatible and have a short, massive flowering strategy. The study aimed to associate differences in their genetic diversity and structure with their microhabitat distribution and pollination ecology. • Methods Leaves from 106 and 139 plants of V. epidendroides and V. leptopetala, respectively, were collected from five patches of each species and prepared for electrophoretic analyses. • Key Results Five enzyme systems could be reliably scored for both species. Vellozia epidendroides showed 100 % of the loci polymorphic for almost all patches. The average number of alíeles per locus ranged between 2.2 and 2.4 among patches. The Wright's fixation index (F) for this species was 0.226. A significant θp value indicates that there is a reasonable genetic divergence among patches. Vellozia leptopetala presented 47.5 % of polymorphic loci. All levels of P, A, Ap and of heterozygosities were lower than those of V. epidendroides. Vellozia leptopetala showed high inbreeding within patches. • Conclusions The relatively high values of genetic diversity indices found for V. epidendroides may be associated with its large and widespread populations. On the other hand, the low values of genetic diversity found for V. leptopetala may be related to physical isolation on outcrops and intensive foraging by territorial hummingbirds, which may hinder gene flow among patches, aggravated by the very restricted seed dispersal characteristic of the genus, that facilitates sibling mating. It is important to stress the need to preserve the specific habitats of these species of Vellozia, in particular those of V. leptopetala that has lower genetic diversity and is restricted to rock outcrop environments. BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic fields in south-eastern Brazil were studied. Vellozia epidendroides is short, grows on pebbly or sandy soil, and is pollinated by bees. Vellozia leptopetala is arborescent, grows on rock outcrops, and is pollinated by bees and hummingbirds. Both are self-incompatible and have a short, massive flowering strategy. The study aimed to associate differences in their genetic diversity and structure with their microhabitat distribution and pollination ecology. METHODS: Leaves from 106 and 139 plants of V. epidendroides and V. leptopetala, respectively, were collected from five patches of each species and prepared for electrophoretic analyses. KEY RESULTS: Five enzyme systems could be reliably scored for both species. Vellozia epidendroides showed 100 % of the loci polymorphic for almost all patches. The average number of alleles per locus ranged between 2·2 and 2·4 among patches. The Wright's fixation index (F) for this species was 0·226. A significant {theta}[subscript p] value indicates that there is a reasonable genetic divergence among patches. Vellozia leptopetala presented 47·5 % of polymorphic loci. All levels of P, A, A[subscript p] and of heterozygosities were lower than those of V. epidendroides. Vellozia leptopetala showed high inbreeding within patches. CONCLUSIONS: The relatively high values of genetic diversity indices found for V. epidendroides may be associated with its large and widespread populations. On the other hand, the low values of genetic diversity found for V. leptopetala may be related to physical isolation on outcrops and intensive foraging by territorial hummingbirds, which may hinder gene flow among patches, aggravated by the very restricted seed dispersal characteristic of the genus, that facilitates sibling mating. It is important to stress the need to preserve the specific habitats of these species of Vellozia, in particular those of V. leptopetala that has lower genetic diversity and is restricted to rock outcrop environments. • Background and Aims The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic fields in south-eastern Brazil were studied. Vellozia epidendroides is short, grows on pebbly or sandy soil, and is pollinated by bees. Vellozia leptopetala is arborescent, grows on rock outcrops, and is pollinated by bees and hummingbirds. Both are self-incompatible and have a short, massive flowering strategy. The study aimed to associate differences in their genetic diversity and structure with their microhabitat distribution and pollination ecology. • Methods Leaves from 106 and 139 plants of V. epidendroides and V. leptopetala , respectively, were collected from five patches of each species and prepared for electrophoretic analyses. • Key Results Five enzyme systems could be reliably scored for both species. Vellozia epidendroides showed 100 % of the loci polymorphic for almost all patches. The average number of alleles per locus ranged between 2·2 and 2·4 among patches. The Wright's fixation index ( F ) for this species was 0·226. A significant θ p value indicates that there is a reasonable genetic divergence among patches. Vellozia leptopetala presented 47·5 % of polymorphic loci. All levels of P , A , A p and of heterozygosities were lower than those of V. epidendroides . Vellozia leptopetala showed high inbreeding within patches. • Conclusions The relatively high values of genetic diversity indices found for V. epidendroides may be associated with its large and widespread populations. On the other hand, the low values of genetic diversity found for V. leptopetala may be related to physical isolation on outcrops and intensive foraging by territorial hummingbirds, which may hinder gene flow among patches, aggravated by the very restricted seed dispersal characteristic of the genus, that facilitates sibling mating. It is important to stress the need to preserve the specific habitats of these species of Vellozia , in particular those of V. leptopetala that has lower genetic diversity and is restricted to rock outcrop environments. The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic fields in south-eastern Brazil were studied. Vellozia epidendroides is short, grows on pebbly or sandy soil, and is pollinated by bees. Vellozia leptopetala is arborescent, grows on rock outcrops, and is pollinated by bees and hummingbirds. Both are self-incompatible and have a short, massive flowering strategy. The study aimed to associate differences in their genetic diversity and structure with their microhabitat distribution and pollination ecology. Leaves from 106 and 139 plants of V. epidendroides and V. leptopetala, respectively, were collected from five patches of each species and prepared for electrophoretic analyses. Five enzyme systems could be reliably scored for both species. Vellozia epidendroides showed 100 % of the loci polymorphic for almost all patches. The average number of alleles per locus ranged between 2.2 and 2.4 among patches. The Wright's fixation index (F) for this species was 0.226. A significant (p) value indicates that there is a reasonable genetic divergence among patches. Vellozia leptopetala presented 47.5 % of polymorphic loci. All levels of P, A, A(p) and of heterozygosities were lower than those of V. epidendroides. Vellozia leptopetala showed high inbreeding within patches. The relatively high values of genetic diversity indices found for V. epidendroides may be associated with its large and widespread populations. On the other hand, the low values of genetic diversity found for V. leptopetala may be related to physical isolation on outcrops and intensive foraging by territorial hummingbirds, which may hinder gene flow among patches, aggravated by the very restricted seed dispersal characteristic of the genus, that facilitates sibling mating. It is important to stress the need to preserve the specific habitats of these species of Vellozia, in particular those of V. leptopetala that has lower genetic diversity and is restricted to rock outcrop environments. |
| Author | Jacobi, C.M Resende, M.F.S Franceschinelli, E.V Drummond, M.G |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 740001-970 Goiânia GO, Brazil and 2 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 740001-970 Goiânia GO, Brazil and 2 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Franceschinelli, E.V – sequence: 2 fullname: Jacobi, C.M – sequence: 3 fullname: Drummond, M.G – sequence: 4 fullname: Resende, M.F.S |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16446285$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | Annals of Botany Company 2006 Copyright Oxford University Press(England) Apr 2006 The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org 2006 |
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| Notes | For correspondence. E-mail edivanif@yahoo.com.br istex:7C73D2AE540E7561E3C46E240001BCCBF1360069 ark:/67375/HXZ-VLDW5X3V-L local:mcl007 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
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| Snippet | BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic... • Background and Aims The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic... The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic fields in... * Background and Aims The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic... times BACKGROUND: and Aims The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude... • Background and Aims The genetic structure and variability of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with restricted distribution in high-altitude quartzitic... |
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| SubjectTerms | Alleles altitude Apoidea Aves Brazil Diversity indices Ecological genetics Endemic species Evolutionary genetics gene flow Genetic diversity Genetic loci Genetic structure Genetic Variation genetics Geography hummingbirds Hymenoptera Inbreeding isozyme Magnoliopsida Magnoliopsida - genetics Microclimate Microhabitats Original plant reproduction Plants Pollen pollinating insects Pollination Population ecology Population genetics Reproduction Rocks rupestrian fields Sandy soils Seed dispersal Serra do Cipó sexual reproduction Spatial distribution Species tropical plant Vellozia Vellozia epidendroides Vellozia leptopetala Velloziaceae |
| Title | genetic diversity of two Brazilian Vellozia (Velloziaceae) with different patterns of spatial distribution and pollination biology |
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