Histone Demethylases JMJ30 and JMJ32 Modulate the Speed of Vernalization Through the Activation of FLOWERING LOCUS C in Arabidopsis thaliana

Vernalization is the promotion of flowering after prolonged exposure to cold. In Arabidopsis thaliana , vernalization induces epigenetic silencing of the floral repressor gene FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ). Among the repressive epigenetic marks, the trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 proteins (H3...

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Published inFrontiers in plant science Vol. 13; p. 837831
Main Authors Maruoka, Takashi, Gan, Eng-Seng, Otsuka, Nana, Shirakawa, Makoto, Ito, Toshiro
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Frontiers Media S.A 01.07.2022
Subjects
Arabidopsis
devernalization
epigenetics
FLC
H3K27me3
histone demethylase
Plant Science
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Abstract Vernalization is the promotion of flowering after prolonged exposure to cold. In Arabidopsis thaliana , vernalization induces epigenetic silencing of the floral repressor gene FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ). Among the repressive epigenetic marks, the trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 proteins (H3K27me3) is a critical contributor to the epigenetic silencing of FLC . The deposition of H3K27me3 is mediated by Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2). Conversely, the elimination of H3K27me3 is mediated by histone demethylases, Jumonji-C domain-containing protein JMJ30 and its homolog JMJ32. However, the role of JMJ30 and JMJ32 in vernalization is largely unknown. In this study, we found that cold treatment dramatically reduced the expression levels of JMJ30 and did not reduce those of JMJ32. Next, by using the genetic approach, we found that the flowering of jmj30 jmj32 was accelerated under moderate vernalized conditions. Under moderate vernalized conditions, the silencing of FLC occurred more quickly in jmj30 jmj32 than in the wild type. These results suggested that the histone demethylases JMJ30 and JMJ32 brake vernalization through the activation of FLC . Our study suggested that PRC2 and Jumonji histone demethylases act in an opposing manner to regulate flowering time via epigenetic modifications.
AbstractList Vernalization is the promotion of flowering after prolonged exposure to cold. In Arabidopsis thaliana , vernalization induces epigenetic silencing of the floral repressor gene FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ). Among the repressive epigenetic marks, the trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 proteins (H3K27me3) is a critical contributor to the epigenetic silencing of FLC . The deposition of H3K27me3 is mediated by Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2). Conversely, the elimination of H3K27me3 is mediated by histone demethylases, Jumonji-C domain-containing protein JMJ30 and its homolog JMJ32. However, the role of JMJ30 and JMJ32 in vernalization is largely unknown. In this study, we found that cold treatment dramatically reduced the expression levels of JMJ30 and did not reduce those of JMJ32. Next, by using the genetic approach, we found that the flowering of jmj30 jmj32 was accelerated under moderate vernalized conditions. Under moderate vernalized conditions, the silencing of FLC occurred more quickly in jmj30 jmj32 than in the wild type. These results suggested that the histone demethylases JMJ30 and JMJ32 brake vernalization through the activation of FLC . Our study suggested that PRC2 and Jumonji histone demethylases act in an opposing manner to regulate flowering time via epigenetic modifications.
Vernalization is the promotion of flowering after prolonged exposure to cold. In Arabidopsis thaliana, vernalization induces epigenetic silencing of the floral repressor gene FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). Among the repressive epigenetic marks, the trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 proteins (H3K27me3) is a critical contributor to the epigenetic silencing of FLC. The deposition of H3K27me3 is mediated by Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2). Conversely, the elimination of H3K27me3 is mediated by histone demethylases, Jumonji-C domain-containing protein JMJ30 and its homolog JMJ32. However, the role of JMJ30 and JMJ32 in vernalization is largely unknown. In this study, we found that cold treatment dramatically reduced the expression levels of JMJ30 and did not reduce those of JMJ32. Next, by using the genetic approach, we found that the flowering of jmj30 jmj32 was accelerated under moderate vernalized conditions. Under moderate vernalized conditions, the silencing of FLC occurred more quickly in jmj30 jmj32 than in the wild type. These results suggested that the histone demethylases JMJ30 and JMJ32 brake vernalization through the activation of FLC. Our study suggested that PRC2 and Jumonji histone demethylases act in an opposing manner to regulate flowering time via epigenetic modifications.
Author Gan, Eng-Seng
Otsuka, Nana
Maruoka, Takashi
Ito, Toshiro
Shirakawa, Makoto
AuthorAffiliation 1 Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology , Ikoma , Japan
2 Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore
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These authors have contributed equally to this work
Reviewed by: Youbong Hyun, Seoul National University, South Korea; Yuehui He, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (CAS), China
ORCID: Eng-Seng Gan, orcid.org/0000-0001-9753-4524
This article was submitted to Plant Development and EvoDevo, a section of the journal Frontiers in Plant Science
Edited by: Ran Xu, Hainan University, China
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Snippet Vernalization is the promotion of flowering after prolonged exposure to cold. In Arabidopsis thaliana , vernalization induces epigenetic silencing of the...
Vernalization is the promotion of flowering after prolonged exposure to cold. In Arabidopsis thaliana, vernalization induces epigenetic silencing of the floral...
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SubjectTerms Arabidopsis
devernalization
epigenetics
FLC
H3K27me3
histone demethylase
Plant Science
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Title Histone Demethylases JMJ30 and JMJ32 Modulate the Speed of Vernalization Through the Activation of FLOWERING LOCUS C in Arabidopsis thaliana
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