The effects of sex and hormonal status on the physiological response to acute psychosocial stress

• Published in: Psychoneuroendocrinology Vol. 31; no. 2; pp. 151 - 178
• Main Authors: Kajantie, Eero, Phillips, David I.W.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2006; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adaptation, Psychological - physiology; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Autonomic Nervous System - physiology; Autonomic Nervous System - physiopathology; Behavioral psychophysiology; Biological and medical sciences; Child; Cortisol; Disease Susceptibility; Estrogen; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gender; Gonadal Steroid Hormones - physiology; Hormones and behavior; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - physiology; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - physiopathology; Male; Menstrual Cycle - physiology; Middle Aged; Pituitary-Adrenal System - physiology; Pituitary-Adrenal System - physiopathology; Programming; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychophysiology; Sex; Sex Characteristics; Sex difference; Stress; Stress, Psychological - physiopathology; Stress, Psychological - psychology; Sex; Estrogen; Programming; Cortisol; Gender; Sex difference; Stress; Human; Corticosteroid; Steroid hormone; Acute; Review; Psychosocial factor; Hydrocortisone; Glucocorticoid; Ovarian hormone; Adrenal hormone; Sexual dimorphism; Sex steroid hormone; Bibliographic review

Whether one is male or female is one of the most important determinants of human health. While males are more susceptible to cardiovascular and infectious disease, they are outnumbered by women for many autoimmune disorders, fibromyalgia and chronic pain. Recently, individual differences in the phys...