Impact of artificial waterholes on temporal partitioning in a carnivore guild: a comparison of activity patterns at artificial waterholes to roads and trails
Temporal partitioning in large carnivores have previously been found to be one of the main factors enabling co-existence. While activity patterns have been investigated separately at artificial waterholes and e.g ., game trails, simultaneous comparative analyses of activity patterns at artificial wa...
Saved in:
| Published in | PeerJ (San Francisco, CA) Vol. 11; p. e15253 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
PeerJ. Ltd
03.05.2023
PeerJ Inc |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | Temporal partitioning in large carnivores have previously been found to be one of the main factors enabling co-existence. While activity patterns have been investigated separately at artificial waterholes and
e.g
., game trails, simultaneous comparative analyses of activity patterns at artificial waterholes and game trails have not been attempted. In this study, camera trap data from Maremani Nature Reserve was used to investigate whether temporal partitioning existed in a carnivore guild of four species (spotted hyena, leopard, brown hyena and African wild dog). Specifically, we investigated temporal partitioning at artificial waterholes and on roads and trails an average of 1,412 m away from an artificial waterhole. Activity patterns for the same species at artificial waterholes and roads/game trails were also compared. We found no significant differences in temporal activity between species at artificial waterholes. Temporal partitioning on game trails and roads was only found between spotted hyena (nocturnal) and African wild dog (crepuscular). Between nocturnal species (spotted hyena and leopard) no temporal partitioning was exhibited. Only African wild dog exhibited significantly different activity patterns at waterholes and roads/game trails. This indicates artificial waterholes may be a location for conflict in a carnivore guild. Our study highlights the impact of anthropogenic landscape changes and management decisions on the temporal axis of carnivores. More data on activity patterns at natural water sources such as ephemeral pans are needed to properly assess the effect of artificial waterholes on temporal partitioning in a carnivore guild. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Temporal partitioning in large carnivores have previously been found to be one of the main factors enabling co-existence. While activity patterns have been investigated separately at artificial waterholes and
e.g
., game trails, simultaneous comparative analyses of activity patterns at artificial waterholes and game trails have not been attempted. In this study, camera trap data from Maremani Nature Reserve was used to investigate whether temporal partitioning existed in a carnivore guild of four species (spotted hyena, leopard, brown hyena and African wild dog). Specifically, we investigated temporal partitioning at artificial waterholes and on roads and trails an average of 1,412 m away from an artificial waterhole. Activity patterns for the same species at artificial waterholes and roads/game trails were also compared. We found no significant differences in temporal activity between species at artificial waterholes. Temporal partitioning on game trails and roads was only found between spotted hyena (nocturnal) and African wild dog (crepuscular). Between nocturnal species (spotted hyena and leopard) no temporal partitioning was exhibited. Only African wild dog exhibited significantly different activity patterns at waterholes and roads/game trails. This indicates artificial waterholes may be a location for conflict in a carnivore guild. Our study highlights the impact of anthropogenic landscape changes and management decisions on the temporal axis of carnivores. More data on activity patterns at natural water sources such as ephemeral pans are needed to properly assess the effect of artificial waterholes on temporal partitioning in a carnivore guild. Temporal partitioning in large carnivores have previously been found to be one of the main factors enabling co-existence. While activity patterns have been investigated separately at artificial waterholes and e.g., game trails, simultaneous comparative analyses of activity patterns at artificial waterholes and game trails have not been attempted. In this study, camera trap data from Maremani Nature Reserve was used to investigate whether temporal partitioning existed in a carnivore guild of four species (spotted hyena, leopard, brown hyena and African wild dog). Specifically, we investigated temporal partitioning at artificial waterholes and on roads and trails an average of 1,412 m away from an artificial waterhole. Activity patterns for the same species at artificial waterholes and roads/game trails were also compared. We found no significant differences in temporal activity between species at artificial waterholes. Temporal partitioning on game trails and roads was only found between spotted hyena (nocturnal) and African wild dog (crepuscular). Between nocturnal species (spotted hyena and leopard) no temporal partitioning was exhibited. Only African wild dog exhibited significantly different activity patterns at waterholes and roads/game trails. This indicates artificial waterholes may be a location for conflict in a carnivore guild. Our study highlights the impact of anthropogenic landscape changes and management decisions on the temporal axis of carnivores. More data on activity patterns at natural water sources such as ephemeral pans are needed to properly assess the effect of artificial waterholes on temporal partitioning in a carnivore guild. Temporal partitioning in large carnivores have previously been found to be one of the main factors enabling co-existence. While activity patterns have been investigated separately at artificial waterholes and ., game trails, simultaneous comparative analyses of activity patterns at artificial waterholes and game trails have not been attempted. In this study, camera trap data from Maremani Nature Reserve was used to investigate whether temporal partitioning existed in a carnivore guild of four species (spotted hyena, leopard, brown hyena and African wild dog). Specifically, we investigated temporal partitioning at artificial waterholes and on roads and trails an average of 1,412 m away from an artificial waterhole. Activity patterns for the same species at artificial waterholes and roads/game trails were also compared. We found no significant differences in temporal activity between species at artificial waterholes. Temporal partitioning on game trails and roads was only found between spotted hyena (nocturnal) and African wild dog (crepuscular). Between nocturnal species (spotted hyena and leopard) no temporal partitioning was exhibited. Only African wild dog exhibited significantly different activity patterns at waterholes and roads/game trails. This indicates artificial waterholes may be a location for conflict in a carnivore guild. Our study highlights the impact of anthropogenic landscape changes and management decisions on the temporal axis of carnivores. More data on activity patterns at natural water sources such as ephemeral pans are needed to properly assess the effect of artificial waterholes on temporal partitioning in a carnivore guild. Temporal partitioning in large carnivores have previously been found to be one of the main factors enabling co-existence. While activity patterns have been investigated separately at artificial waterholes and e.g., game trails, simultaneous comparative analyses of activity patterns at artificial waterholes and game trails have not been attempted. In this study, camera trap data from Maremani Nature Reserve was used to investigate whether temporal partitioning existed in a carnivore guild of four species (spotted hyena, leopard, brown hyena and African wild dog). Specifically, we investigated temporal partitioning at artificial waterholes and on roads and trails an average of 1,412 m away from an artificial waterhole. Activity patterns for the same species at artificial waterholes and roads/game trails were also compared. We found no significant differences in temporal activity between species at artificial waterholes. Temporal partitioning on game trails and roads was only found between spotted hyena (nocturnal) and African wild dog (crepuscular). Between nocturnal species (spotted hyena and leopard) no temporal partitioning was exhibited. Only African wild dog exhibited significantly different activity patterns at waterholes and roads/game trails. This indicates artificial waterholes may be a location for conflict in a carnivore guild. Our study highlights the impact of anthropogenic landscape changes and management decisions on the temporal axis of carnivores. More data on activity patterns at natural water sources such as ephemeral pans are needed to properly assess the effect of artificial waterholes on temporal partitioning in a carnivore guild.Temporal partitioning in large carnivores have previously been found to be one of the main factors enabling co-existence. While activity patterns have been investigated separately at artificial waterholes and e.g., game trails, simultaneous comparative analyses of activity patterns at artificial waterholes and game trails have not been attempted. In this study, camera trap data from Maremani Nature Reserve was used to investigate whether temporal partitioning existed in a carnivore guild of four species (spotted hyena, leopard, brown hyena and African wild dog). Specifically, we investigated temporal partitioning at artificial waterholes and on roads and trails an average of 1,412 m away from an artificial waterhole. Activity patterns for the same species at artificial waterholes and roads/game trails were also compared. We found no significant differences in temporal activity between species at artificial waterholes. Temporal partitioning on game trails and roads was only found between spotted hyena (nocturnal) and African wild dog (crepuscular). Between nocturnal species (spotted hyena and leopard) no temporal partitioning was exhibited. Only African wild dog exhibited significantly different activity patterns at waterholes and roads/game trails. This indicates artificial waterholes may be a location for conflict in a carnivore guild. Our study highlights the impact of anthropogenic landscape changes and management decisions on the temporal axis of carnivores. More data on activity patterns at natural water sources such as ephemeral pans are needed to properly assess the effect of artificial waterholes on temporal partitioning in a carnivore guild. |
| ArticleNumber | e15253 |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Møller, Peter Rask Havmøller, Rasmus Worsøe Krag, Charlotte Swanepoel, Lourens Havmøller, Linnea Worsøe Van Zyl, Gigi |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Charlotte surname: Krag fullname: Krag, Charlotte organization: Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark – sequence: 2 givenname: Linnea Worsøe orcidid: 0000-0002-9334-2303 surname: Havmøller fullname: Havmøller, Linnea Worsøe organization: Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark – sequence: 3 givenname: Lourens orcidid: 0000-0002-9955-8076 surname: Swanepoel fullname: Swanepoel, Lourens organization: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, School of Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda for Science and Technology, Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa, DNRF-SARChI Chair in Biodiversity Value and Change, University of Venda for Science and Technology, Thohoyandou, South Africa – sequence: 4 givenname: Gigi surname: Van Zyl fullname: Van Zyl, Gigi organization: Maremani Game Reserve, Musina, Limpopo Province, South Africa – sequence: 5 givenname: Peter Rask surname: Møller fullname: Møller, Peter Rask organization: Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark – sequence: 6 givenname: Rasmus Worsøe orcidid: 0000-0002-7457-7326 surname: Havmøller fullname: Havmøller, Rasmus Worsøe organization: Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute for Animal Behaviour, Radolfzell am Bodensee, Baden-Württemberg, Germany |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37159833$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNp1kl1r2zAUhs3oWLusV7sfgsEYjGSWZEvybkYp-wgUdrNdC1k6SlRsKZOUjP6Y_dfJSTuS0dlgmePnfayDzvPqzAcPVfUS1wvOMX-_AYi3C9ySlj6pLghmfC5o250dvZ9Xlynd1uUShNWCPqvOKcdtJyi9qH4vx43SGQWLVMzOOu3UgH6pDHEdBkgoeJRh3IRYypsJyS5451fIeaSQVtG7XYiAVls3mA9TKRRjdKkEJ6nObufyXcnm4vQJqfyfP-WAYlCmEN6gHJUb0ovqqVVDgsv7dVb9-Pzp-_XX-c23L8vrq5u5bhuW54IbpmswGFtWg6CGtE1Pel3jzvSK2kYR0xsrGs1qxi23tWYNbZjW0HVCGzqrlgevCepWbqIbVbyTQTm5L4S4ktOe9QCSMcIJbniPQTXQtsoSykjLWW07Ihooro8H12bbj2A0-NLLcCI9_eLdWq7CTuIaMyo4KYa394YYfm4hZTm6pGEYlIewTZIIjDsqSHnMqtcHdKXK3py3oSj1hMsr3nDB265tCrV4hCq3gdHpMlDWlfpJ4M1RYA1qyOsUhu109ukUfHXc7N8uHwasAPgA6BhSimCldllNnv0Jl6blNMdyP8dyP8cl8-6fzIP2MfoPr_f2vg |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1111_btp_13389 crossref_primary_10_1002_ece3_11666 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tree_2024_11_001 crossref_primary_10_1002_ecs2_4913 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcosc_2024_1351366 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biocon_2024_110777 crossref_primary_10_3390_land13050690 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1111/jzo.12248 10.1111/jzo.12774 10.10520/EJC117014 10.1017/S0030605315001209 10.1111/j.1365-2028.2006.00686.x 10.1007/s00265-009-0760-3 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1996.10020526.x 10.1002/ece3.2616 10.2307/3544413 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01300.x 10.1111/aje.12068 10.3957/056.039.0207 10.1111/jzo.12873 10.3957/056.042.0209 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.05.021 10.1002/ece3.9365 10.1371/journal.pone.0098846 10.1186/s12898-019-0246-8 10.3957/056.043.0115 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109702 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2017.01.014 10.1890/12-0017.1 10.1111/aje.12817 10.1111/aje.12216 10.1111/1365-2656.12654 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2001.99534.x 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00801.x 10.1371/journal.pone.0256876 10.7717/peerj.1974 10.1890/13-0217.1 10.1111/jzo.12566 10.1016/S0140-1963(05)80091-6 10.1198/jabes.2009.08038 10.3957/056.043.0206 10.1111/j.1365-2028.1990.tb01145.x 10.1098/rsos.170052 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2010.00747.x 10.1073/pnas.71.10.4169 10.1371/journal.pone.0146263 10.1071/WR21045 10.3957/056.045.0127 10.3957/056.048.023003 10.1017/S0376892919000298 10.3957/056.050.0008 10.1007/s00442-007-0764-5 10.1002/ece3.7156 10.1371/journal.pone.0209541 10.1111/2041-210X.12278 10.1046/j.0141-6707.2001.00344.x 10.3957/0379-4369-38.2.93 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00874.x 10.1093/beheco/11.6.624 10.1016/j.biocon.2006.11.009 10.1002/jwmg.225 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2023 Krag et al. COPYRIGHT 2023 PeerJ. Ltd. 2023 Krag et al. 2023 Krag et al. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2023 Krag et al. – notice: COPYRIGHT 2023 PeerJ. Ltd. – notice: 2023 Krag et al. 2023 Krag et al. |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8 5PM DOA |
| DOI | 10.7717/peerj.15253 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | CrossRef MEDLINE MEDLINE - Academic |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine Zoology Ecology |
| EISSN | 2167-8359 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_66272147b1ea4e55af23625760f9284e PMC10163872 A747875954 37159833 10_7717_peerj_15253 |
| Genre | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article |
| GeographicLocations | Zimbabwe South Africa |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: South Africa – name: Zimbabwe |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme grantid: 801199 – fundername: VILLUM FONDEN grantid: 36069 – fundername: DNRF-SARChI Chair in Biodiversity Value and Change, University of Venda – fundername: South African National Research foundation (NRF) – fundername: Maremani Nature Reserve |
| GroupedDBID | 53G 5VS 88I 8FE 8FH AAFWJ AAYXX ABUWG ADBBV ADRAZ AENEX AFKRA AFPKN ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS AZQEC BAWUL BBNVY BCNDV BENPR BHPHI BPHCQ CCPQU CITATION DIK DWQXO ECGQY GNUQQ GROUPED_DOAJ GX1 HCIFZ HYE IAO IEA IHR IHW ITC KQ8 LK8 M2P M48 M7P M~E OK1 PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PQQKQ PROAC RPM W2D YAO 3V. CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF H13 NPM PMFND 7X8 PQGLB 5PM PUEGO |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c546t-87d6c0ed11f60e83d254b2bc019dba3f4a2dbdf84c6067f7f0c64346cce998cd3 |
| IEDL.DBID | M48 |
| ISSN | 2167-8359 |
| IngestDate | Wed Aug 27 01:14:23 EDT 2025 Thu Aug 21 18:37:24 EDT 2025 Fri Jul 11 07:06:17 EDT 2025 Tue Jun 17 20:56:36 EDT 2025 Tue Jun 10 20:22:59 EDT 2025 Thu May 22 21:19:39 EDT 2025 Thu Jan 02 22:51:36 EST 2025 Tue Jul 01 04:09:00 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:04:20 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Keywords | Brown hyena Spotted hyena Temporal overlap African wild dog South Africa Anthropogenic influence Leopard |
| Language | English |
| License | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2023 Krag et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c546t-87d6c0ed11f60e83d254b2bc019dba3f4a2dbdf84c6067f7f0c64346cce998cd3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7457-7326 0000-0002-9955-8076 0000-0002-9334-2303 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://doaj.org/article/66272147b1ea4e55af23625760f9284e |
| PMID | 37159833 |
| PQID | 2811938219 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_66272147b1ea4e55af23625760f9284e pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10163872 proquest_miscellaneous_2811938219 gale_infotracmisc_A747875954 gale_infotracacademiconefile_A747875954 gale_healthsolutions_A747875954 pubmed_primary_37159833 crossref_citationtrail_10_7717_peerj_15253 crossref_primary_10_7717_peerj_15253 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2023-05-03 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2023-05-03 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 05 year: 2023 text: 2023-05-03 day: 03 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | United States |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: United States – name: San Diego, USA |
| PublicationTitle | PeerJ (San Francisco, CA) |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | PeerJ |
| PublicationYear | 2023 |
| Publisher | PeerJ. Ltd PeerJ Inc |
| Publisher_xml | – name: PeerJ. Ltd – name: PeerJ Inc |
| References | Smit (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-50) 2007; 136 Mukaru (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-33) 2009 Linkie (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-28) 2011; 284 Havmøller (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-21) 2019; 14 Ridout (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-43) 2009; 14 Woodroffe (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-63) 2011; 283 Searle (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-48) 2021; 16 Ahumada (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-1) 2020; 47 Valeix (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-55) 2007; 153 Rovero (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-44) 2016 Ogada (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-37) 2016; 50 Meredith (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-31) 2021 Durant (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-15) 2000; 11 Atwood (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-2) 2011; 75 Van Rooyen (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-57) 2002 Balme (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-3) 2017; 86 Evers (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-17) 2022; 49 Creel (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-11) 2001; 15 Landler (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-27) 2019; 19 Creel (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-12) 1996; 10 Vanak (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-58) 2013; 94 Valeix (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-56) 2009; 63 Yarnell (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-64) 2013; 43 Maremani Nature Reserve (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-29) 2004 Voigt (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-61) 2018; 306 Hayward (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-24) 2008; 38 Darnell (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-13) 2014; 9 Chamaillé-Jammes (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-7) 2007; 44 Hayward (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-22) 2007; 45 Habib (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-18) 2021; 11 Vahl (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-54) 2006 Thrash (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-53) 1995; 29 Rowcliffe (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-45) 2022 Wolf (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-62) 2017; 4 Hayward (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-23) 2012; 42 Mills (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-32) 2015; 45 Mzumara (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-34) 2016; 54 Nicholson (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-36) 2020; 50 Vissia (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-60) 2021; 314 Havmøller (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-19) 2020b; 59 Owen-Smith (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-39) 1996; 26 Biggs (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-4) 2003 Brits (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-5) 2002; 40 Havmøller (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-20) 2020a; 311 Olea (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-38) 2022; 273 Stein (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-51) 2013; 43 R Core Team (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-41) 2020 Rowcliffe (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-46) 2014; 5 Hayward (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-25) 2009; 39 Edwards (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-16) 2015; 297 Purdon (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-40) 2017; 141 Sutherland (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-52) 2018; 48 Dröge (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-14) 2017; 7 Child (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-8) 1972; 4 Vissia (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-59) 2022; 12 Carothers (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-6) 1984; 42 Martins (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-30) 2013; 51 Jacobson (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-26) 2016; 4 Cooper (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-9) 1990; 28 Schoener (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-47) 1974; 71 Sirot (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-49) 2016; 118 Rasmussen (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-42) 2012; 286 Cozzi (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-10) 2012; 93 Ndaimani (10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-35) 2016; 11 |
| References_xml | – volume: 297 start-page: 22 issue: 1 year: 2015 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-16 article-title: Spatiotemporal resource partitioning of water sources by African carnivores on Namibian commercial farmlands publication-title: Journal of Zoology doi: 10.1111/jzo.12248 – volume: 311 start-page: 175 issue: 3 year: 2020a ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-20 article-title: Assessing the activity pattern overlap among leopards (Panthera pardus), potential prey and competitors in a complex landscape in Tanzania publication-title: Journal of Zoology doi: 10.1111/jzo.12774 – volume: 26 start-page: 107 issue: 4 year: 1996 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-39 article-title: Ecological guidelines for waterpoints in extensive protected areas publication-title: South African Journal of Wildlife Research doi: 10.10520/EJC117014 – year: 2009 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-33 article-title: Impacts of large herbivores on vegetation and soils around water points in Waterberg Plateau Park, Central Namibia – volume: 50 start-page: 593 issue: 4 year: 2016 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-37 article-title: Ivory poachers and poison: drivers of Africa’s declining vulture populations publication-title: Oryx doi: 10.1017/S0030605315001209 – volume: 45 start-page: 135 issue: 2 year: 2007 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-22 article-title: Activity patterns of reintroduced lion Panthera leo and spotted hyaena Crocuta crocuta in the Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa publication-title: African Journal of Ecology doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2028.2006.00686.x – volume: 63 start-page: 1483 issue: 10 year: 2009 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-56 article-title: Does the risk of encountering lions influence African herbivore behaviour at waterholes? publication-title: Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology doi: 10.1007/s00265-009-0760-3 – volume: 10 start-page: 526 issue: 2 year: 1996 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-12 article-title: Limitation of African wild dogs by competition with larger carnivores publication-title: Conservation Biology doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1996.10020526.x – volume: 7 start-page: 189 issue: 1 year: 2017 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-14 article-title: Spatial and temporal avoidance of risk within a large carnivore guild publication-title: Ecology and Evolution doi: 10.1002/ece3.2616 – volume: 4 start-page: 253 year: 1972 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-8 article-title: Water and its role in nature conservation and wildlife management in Botswana publication-title: Botswana Notes & Records – volume: 42 start-page: 403 issue: 3 year: 1984 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-6 article-title: Time as a niche difference: the role of interference competition publication-title: Oikos doi: 10.2307/3544413 – volume: 44 start-page: 625 issue: 3 year: 2007 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-7 article-title: Managing heterogeneity in elephant distribution: interactions between elephant population density and surface-water availability publication-title: Journal of Applied Ecology doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01300.x – volume: 51 start-page: 571 issue: 4 year: 2013 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-30 article-title: Movement, activity and hunting behaviour of leopards in the Cederberg mountains, South Africa publication-title: African Journal of Ecology doi: 10.1111/aje.12068 – volume: 39 start-page: 109 issue: 2 year: 2009 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-25 article-title: Temporal partitioning of activity in large African carnivores: tests of multiple hypotheses publication-title: South African Journal of Wildlife Research doi: 10.3957/056.039.0207 – volume: 314 start-page: 143 issue: 2 year: 2021 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-60 article-title: Co-occurrence of high densities of brown hyena and spotted hyena in central Tuli publication-title: Botswana Journal of Zoology doi: 10.1111/jzo.12873 – year: 2022 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-45 publication-title: Package ‘activity’ – volume: 42 start-page: 117 issue: 2 year: 2012 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-23 article-title: Waterhole use by African fauna publication-title: South African Journal of Wildlife Research doi: 10.3957/056.042.0209 – volume-title: Camera trapping for wildlife research year: 2016 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-44 – volume: 118 start-page: 19 year: 2016 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-49 article-title: How competition and predation shape patterns of waterhole use by herbivores in arid ecosystems publication-title: Animal Behaviour doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.05.021 – volume: 12 start-page: e9365 issue: 10 year: 2022 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-59 article-title: Leopard density and interspecific spatiotemporal interactions in a hyena-dominated landscape publication-title: Ecology and Evolution doi: 10.1002/ece3.9365 – volume: 9 start-page: e98846 year: 2014 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-13 article-title: Space use of African wild dogs in relation to other large carnivores publication-title: PLOS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098846 – volume: 19 start-page: 1 issue: 1 year: 2019 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-27 article-title: The Hermans–Rasson test as a powerful alternative to the Rayleigh test for circular statistics in biology publication-title: BMC Ecology doi: 10.1186/s12898-019-0246-8 – volume: 43 start-page: 27 issue: 1 year: 2013 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-51 article-title: Brown hyaena feeding ecology on Namibian farmlands publication-title: South African Journal of Wildlife Research doi: 10.3957/056.043.0115 – year: 2020 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-41 publication-title: R: a language and environment for statistical computing – volume: 273 start-page: 109702 issue: 1 year: 2022 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-38 article-title: Unraveling the real magnitude of illegal wildlife poisoning to halt cryptic biodiversity loss publication-title: Biological Conservation doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109702 – volume: 141 start-page: 45 year: 2017 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-40 article-title: Water provisioning in Kruger National Park alters elephant spatial utilisation patterns publication-title: Journal of Arid Environments doi: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2017.01.014 – volume: 93 start-page: 2590 issue: 12 year: 2012 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-10 article-title: Fear of the dark or dinner by moonlight? Reduced temporal partitioning among Africa’s large carnivores publication-title: Ecology doi: 10.1890/12-0017.1 – year: 2021 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-31 article-title: The overlap package version 0.3.4 – volume: 59 start-page: 37 issue: 1 year: 2020b ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-19 article-title: DNA metabarcoding reveals that African leopard diet varies between habitats publication-title: African Journal of Ecology doi: 10.1111/aje.12817 – volume: 54 start-page: 289 issue: 3 year: 2016 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-34 article-title: The drinking habits of the L ilian’s lovebird and incidents of poisoning at waterholes publication-title: African Journal of Ecology doi: 10.1111/aje.12216 – volume: 86 start-page: 634 issue: 3 year: 2017 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-3 article-title: Caching reduces kleptoparasitism in a solitary, large felid publication-title: Journal of Animal Ecology doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.12654 – volume: 15 start-page: 271 issue: 1 year: 2001 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-11 article-title: Four factors modifying the effect of competition on carnivore population dynamics as illustrated by African wild dogs publication-title: Conservation Biology doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2001.99534.x – volume: 284 start-page: 224 issue: 3 year: 2011 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-28 article-title: Assessing tiger-prey interactions in Sumatran rainforests publication-title: Journal of Zoology doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00801.x – volume: 16 start-page: e0256876 year: 2021 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-48 article-title: Temporal partitioning and spatiotemporal avoidance among large carnivores in a human-impacted African landscape publication-title: PLOS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256876 – volume: 4 start-page: e1974 issue: 1 year: 2016 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-26 article-title: Leopard (Panthera pardus) status, distribution, and the research efforts across its range publication-title: PeerJ doi: 10.7717/peerj.1974 – volume: 94 start-page: 2619 issue: 11 year: 2013 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-58 article-title: Moving to stay in place: behavioral mechanisms for coexistence of African large carnivores publication-title: Ecology doi: 10.1890/13-0217.1 – volume: 306 start-page: 1 issue: 1 year: 2018 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-61 article-title: Sex-specific dietary specialization in a terrestrial apex predator, the leopard, revealed by stable isotope analysis publication-title: Journal of Zoology doi: 10.1111/jzo.12566 – volume: 29 start-page: 213 issue: 2 year: 1995 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-53 article-title: Dry season herbivore densities around drinking troughs in the Kruger National Park publication-title: Journal of Arid Environments doi: 10.1016/S0140-1963(05)80091-6 – volume: 14 start-page: 322 year: 2009 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-43 article-title: Estimating overlap of daily activity patterns from camera trap data publication-title: Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics doi: 10.1198/jabes.2009.08038 – volume: 43 start-page: 155 issue: 2 year: 2013 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-64 article-title: The influence of large predators on the feeding ecology of two African mesocarnivores: the black-backed jackal and the brown hyaena publication-title: South African Journal of Wildlife Research doi: 10.3957/056.043.0206 – volume: 28 start-page: 131 issue: 2 year: 1990 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-9 article-title: The hunting behaviour of spotted hyaenas (Crocuta crocuta) in a region containing both sedentary and migratory populations of herbivores publication-title: African Journal of Ecology doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2028.1990.tb01145.x – volume: 4 start-page: 170052 issue: 7 year: 2017 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-62 article-title: Range contractions of the world’s large carnivores publication-title: Royal Society Open Science doi: 10.1098/rsos.170052 – volume: 283 start-page: 88 issue: 2 year: 2011 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-63 article-title: Ranging behaviour of African wild dog packs in a human-dominated landscape publication-title: Journal of Zoology doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2010.00747.x – volume: 71 start-page: 4169 issue: 10 year: 1974 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-47 article-title: The compression hypothesis and temporal resource partitioning publication-title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.10.4169 – volume: 11 start-page: e0146263 issue: 1 year: 2016 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-35 article-title: An ecological paradox: the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) is not attracted to water points when water is scarce in Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe publication-title: PLOS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146263 – start-page: 78 year: 2002 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-57 article-title: The vegetation types and veld condition of Maremani, Ekotrust CC – volume: 49 start-page: 477 issue: 5 year: 2022 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-17 article-title: Varying degrees of spatio-temporal partitioning among large carnivores in a fenced reserve, South Africa publication-title: Wildlife Research doi: 10.1071/WR21045 – volume: 45 start-page: 127 issue: 2 year: 2015 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-32 article-title: Living near the edge: a review of the ecological relationships between large carnivores in the arid Kalahari publication-title: African Journal of Wildlife Research doi: 10.3957/056.045.0127 – year: 2004 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-29 publication-title: Ecological management plan for the Maremani nature reserve – volume: 48 start-page: 1 issue: 2 year: 2018 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-52 article-title: Use of artificial waterholes by animals in the southern region of the Kruger National Park, South Africa publication-title: African Journal of Wildlife Research doi: 10.3957/056.048.023003 – volume: 47 start-page: 1 issue: 1 year: 2020 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-1 article-title: Wildlife insights: A platform to maximize the potential of camera trap and other passive sensor wildlife data for the planet publication-title: Environmental Conservation doi: 10.1017/S0376892919000298 – volume: 50 start-page: 8 issue: 1 year: 2020 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-36 article-title: A 20-year review of the status and distribution of African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in South Africa publication-title: African Journal of Wildlife Research doi: 10.3957/056.050.0008 – start-page: 59 volume-title: The Kruger Experience: Ecology and Management of Savanna Heterogeneity year: 2003 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-4 article-title: An adaptive system to link science, monitoring and management in practice – volume: 153 start-page: 739 issue: 3 year: 2007 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-55 article-title: Interference competition and temporal niche shifts: elephants and herbivore communities at waterholes publication-title: Oecologia doi: 10.1007/s00442-007-0764-5 – volume: 11 start-page: 1653 issue: 4 year: 2021 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-18 article-title: Not a cakewalk: insights into movement of large carnivores in human-dominated landscapes in India publication-title: Ecology and Evolution doi: 10.1002/ece3.7156 – volume: 14 start-page: e0209541 issue: 6 year: 2019 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-21 article-title: Reserve size and anthropogenic disturbance affect the density of an African leopard (Panthera pardus) meta-population publication-title: PLOS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209541 – volume-title: Interference competition among foraging waders year: 2006 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-54 – volume: 5 start-page: 1170 issue: 11 year: 2014 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-46 article-title: Quantifying levels of animal activity using camera trap data publication-title: Methods in Ecology and Evolution doi: 10.1111/2041-210X.12278 – volume: 40 start-page: 53 issue: 1 year: 2002 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-5 article-title: Ecological impact of large herbivores on the woody vegetation at selected watering points on the eastern basaltic soils in the Kruger National Park publication-title: African Journal of Ecology doi: 10.1046/j.0141-6707.2001.00344.x – volume: 38 start-page: 93 issue: 2 year: 2008 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-24 article-title: Prey preferences and dietary overlap amongst Africa’s large predators publication-title: South African Journal of Wildlife Research doi: 10.3957/0379-4369-38.2.93 – volume: 286 start-page: 232 issue: 3 year: 2012 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-42 article-title: Masking of the zeitgeber: African wild dogs mitigate persecution by balancing time publication-title: Journal of Zoology doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00874.x – volume: 11 start-page: 624 issue: 6 year: 2000 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-15 article-title: Living with the enemy: avoidance of hyenas and lions by cheetahs in the Serengeti publication-title: Behavioral Ecology doi: 10.1093/beheco/11.6.624 – volume: 136 start-page: 85 issue: 1 year: 2007 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-50 article-title: Do artificial waterholes influence the way herbivores use the landscape? Herbivore distribution patterns around rivers and artificial surface water sources in a large African savanna park publication-title: Biological Conservation doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2006.11.009 – volume: 75 start-page: 1609 issue: 7 year: 2011 ident: 10.7717/peerj.15253/ref-2 article-title: Partitioning of anthropogenic watering sites by desert carnivores publication-title: The Journal of Wildlife Management doi: 10.1002/jwmg.225 |
| SSID | ssj0000826083 |
| Score | 2.3372223 |
| Snippet | Temporal partitioning in large carnivores have previously been found to be one of the main factors enabling co-existence. While activity patterns have been... |
| SourceID | doaj pubmedcentral proquest gale pubmed crossref |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source |
| StartPage | e15253 |
| SubjectTerms | African wild dog Animal Behavior Animals Anthropogenic influence Canidae CD40 Ligand Conservation Biology Ecology Existentialism Hyaenidae Leopard Natural areas Panthera South Africa Spotted hyena Temporal overlap Zoology |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9QwELZQD4gL4k2ggJEqISFFjeM4drgVRFWQyolKvVm2Y0NR5ayyKfwa_iszdhptBIgL13h215MZz3zjnQchBzXjkjEeSjSLZdOaqlRBipIZB-hYGQgZsMD59FN7ctZ8PBfnO6O-MCcstwfOL-4QG5TjLB3LvGm8ECbUYHMBJVehA9Pq0fqCz9sJppINBtQM4CIX5EkIWQ433o_f0rQfvnJBqVP_7_Z4xyGtkyV3vM_xHXJ7ho30KG_3Lrnh4z1y83T-Y_w--fkhVTvSIVBkKbeFoD8ASI44AHdLh0jnLlSXdIMk80UsvYjUUIf3I9-H0dMvOCb7DT5aBhSmL3V5ygR8Fst_4paa6S-_NA10HEwPFLGnOIHicvuAnB2___zupJwnL5RONO0EJrJvXeV7xkJbecV7CCNtbR3gwd4aHhpT97YPqnEQ_8ggQ-UA2TStcx7CN9fzh2QvDtE_JtQ61mEulZAdQLMgrA0OMKeztm685F1BXl8LQ7u5LXnam4bwBCWnk-R0klxBDhbiTe7G8WeytyjVhQRbaKcHoFh6Viz9L8UqyAvUCZ3rURdDoI9w4oAUnWgK8ipRoCmALTszVzQA49hUa0W5v6KEI-xWyy-v9U7jEua9RT9cbXWtGCBsBW6lII-yHi5cwSETneLArVpp6Irt9Uq8-Jo6iOOVDVeyfvI_XtRTcqsG5JeyQPk-2ZvGK_8MkNpkn6dD-QsBpD6n priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Title | Impact of artificial waterholes on temporal partitioning in a carnivore guild: a comparison of activity patterns at artificial waterholes to roads and trails |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37159833 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2811938219 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10163872 https://doaj.org/article/66272147b1ea4e55af23625760f9284e |
| Volume | 11 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1Lb9QwELZKKyEuiDeBshipEhJSShzHccIFtailIG2FECvtLbIduxStkiVJefwY_iszTjZqoHDZQzzJ2vGM5xvHMx8hezHjkjHuQlwWwyRVUZg5KUKmDKDjTEHIgAnO89P0ZJG8X4rlFtmQcQ4vsL0ytEM-qUWz2v_x9edrMHjAr_sSopGXa2ubL57Ih18jO-CSJFrofMD5fkkGEB35kpwx1vkG1JH3uXp_3j_xTr6I_99L9SVfNT1HeckxHd8iNwdESQ96FbhNtmx1h1yfD9_M75Jf73wiJK0dRTXpK0bQ74AxG-TGbWld0aFA1YquUWTYo6XnFVXU4NbJt7qx9AwZtF_hpZG70D_U9AQUcC9mBlUtVd0__qmraVOrEiSqkiI5xaq9RxbHR5_enIQDKUNoRJJ2sHqWqYlsyZhLI5vxEiJMHWsDULHUirtExaUuXZYYCI2kky4yAHqS1BgLkZ0p-X2yXdWVfUioNizHY1ZC5oDanNDaGYCjRus4sZLnAXmxmYzCDBXLfd8KiFxw5go_c4WfuYDsjcLrvlDH1WKHOKujCFbX9hfq5qwYjLXAovjI36SZVYkVQrkY_DxEZpHLwZ3bgDxFnSj6VNVxjSgOkIxAilwkAXnuJVBvoctGDckOMHCstzWR3J1IgnWbSfOzjd4V2IRH4ipbX7RFnDEA3xl4nIA86PVwHBXYn8gzDqPNJho6Gfa0pTr_7IuL424Oz2T86P_9ekxuxAD3_NFPvku2u-bCPgF41ukZ2Tk8Ov3wcea3N-D37ZLNvDn-BhM-P1k |
| linkProvider | Scholars Portal |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Impact+of+artificial+waterholes+on+temporal+partitioning+in+a+carnivore+guild%3A+a+comparison+of+activity+patterns+at+artificial+waterholes+to+roads+and+trails&rft.jtitle=PeerJ+%28San+Francisco%2C+CA%29&rft.au=Krag%2C+Charlotte&rft.au=Havm%C3%B8ller%2C+Linnea+Wors%C3%B8e&rft.au=Swanepoel%2C+Lourens&rft.au=Van+Zyl%2C+Gigi&rft.date=2023-05-03&rft.pub=PeerJ.+Ltd&rft.issn=2167-8359&rft.eissn=2167-8359&rft.volume=11&rft.spage=e15253&rft_id=info:doi/10.7717%2Fpeerj.15253&rft.externalDocID=A747875954 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2167-8359&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2167-8359&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2167-8359&client=summon |