Large-scale tethered function assays identify factors that regulate mRNA stability and translation
The molecular functions of the majority of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) remain unclear, highlighting a major bottleneck to a full understanding of gene expression regulation. Here, we develop a plasmid resource of 690 human RBPs that we subject to luciferase-based 3ʹ-untranslated-region tethered func...
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| Published in | Nature structural & molecular biology Vol. 27; no. 10; pp. 989 - 1000 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
New York
Nature Publishing Group US
01.10.2020
Nature Publishing Group |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1545-9993 1545-9985 1545-9985 |
| DOI | 10.1038/s41594-020-0477-6 |
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| Abstract | The molecular functions of the majority of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) remain unclear, highlighting a major bottleneck to a full understanding of gene expression regulation. Here, we develop a plasmid resource of 690 human RBPs that we subject to luciferase-based 3ʹ-untranslated-region tethered function assays to pinpoint RBPs that regulate RNA stability or translation. Enhanced UV-cross-linking and immunoprecipitation of these RBPs identifies thousands of endogenous mRNA targets that respond to changes in RBP level, recapitulating effects observed in tethered function assays. Among these RBPs, the ubiquitin-associated protein 2-like (UBAP2L) protein interacts with RNA via its RGG domain and cross-links to mRNA and rRNA. Fusion of UBAP2L to RNA-targeting CRISPR–Cas9 demonstrates programmable translational enhancement. Polysome profiling indicates that UBAP2L promotes translation of target mRNAs, particularly global regulators of translation. Our tethering survey allows rapid assignment of the molecular activity of proteins, such as UBAP2L, to specific steps of mRNA metabolism.
A survey of human RNA-binding proteins based on luciferase-based 3ʹ-untranslated-region tethered function assays and identification of their target mRNAs provides insights into their role in RNA metabolism. |
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| AbstractList | The molecular functions of the majority of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) remain unclear, highlighting a major bottleneck to a full understanding of gene expression regulation. Here, we develop a plasmid resource of 690 human RBPs that we subject to luciferase-based 3E-untranslated-region tethered function assays to pinpoint RBPs that regulate RNA stability or translation. Enhanced UV-cross-linking and immunoprecipitation of these RBPs identifies thousands of endogenous mRNA targets that respond to changes in RBP level, recapitulating effects observed in tethered function assays. Among these RBPs, the ubiquitin-associated protein 2-like (UBAP2L) protein interacts with RNA via its RGG domain and cross-links to mRNA and rRNA. Fusion of UBAP2L to RNA-targeting CRISPR-Cas9 demonstrates programmable translational enhancement. Polysome profiling indicates that UBAP2L promotes translation of target mRNAs, particularly global regulators of translation. Our tethering survey allows rapid assignment of the molecular activity of proteins, such as UBAP2L, to specific steps of mRNA metabolism. The molecular functions of the majority of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) remain unclear, highlighting a major bottleneck to a full understanding of gene expression regulation. Here, we develop a plasmid resource of 690 human RBPs that we subject to luciferase-based 3ʹ-untranslated-region tethered function assays to pinpoint RBPs that regulate RNA stability or translation. Enhanced UV-cross-linking and immunoprecipitation of these RBPs identifies thousands of endogenous mRNA targets that respond to changes in RBP level, recapitulating effects observed in tethered function assays. Among these RBPs, the ubiquitin-associated protein 2-like (UBAP2L) protein interacts with RNA via its RGG domain and cross-links to mRNA and rRNA. Fusion of UBAP2L to RNA-targeting CRISPR–Cas9 demonstrates programmable translational enhancement. Polysome profiling indicates that UBAP2L promotes translation of target mRNAs, particularly global regulators of translation. Our tethering survey allows rapid assignment of the molecular activity of proteins, such as UBAP2L, to specific steps of mRNA metabolism. A survey of human RNA-binding proteins based on luciferase-based 3ʹ-untranslated-region tethered function assays and identification of their target mRNAs provides insights into their role in RNA metabolism. The molecular functions of the majority of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) remain unclear, highlighting a major bottleneck to a full understanding of gene expression regulation. Here, we develop a plasmid resource of 690 human RBPs that we subject to luciferase-based 3′-untranslated-region tethered function assays to pinpoint RBPs that regulate RNA stability or translation. Enhanced UV-cross-linking and immunoprecipitation of these RBPs identifies thousands of endogenous mRNA targets that respond to changes in RBP level, recapitulating effects observed in tethered function assays. Among these RBPs, the ubiquitin-associated protein 2-like (UBAP2L) protein interacts with RNA via its RGG domain and cross-links to mRNA and rRNA. Fusion of UBAP2L to RNA-targeting CRISPR–Cas9 demonstrates programmable translational enhancement. Polysome profiling indicates that UBAP2L promotes translation of target mRNAs, particularly global regulators of translation. Our tethering survey allows rapid assignment of the molecular activity of proteins, such as UBAP2L, to specific steps of mRNA metabolism. The molecular functions of the majority of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) remain unclear, highlighting a major bottleneck to a full understanding of gene expression regulation. Here, we develop a plasmid resource of 690 human RBPs that we subject to luciferase-based 3'-untranslated-region tethered function assays to pinpoint RBPs that regulate RNA stability or translation. Enhanced UV-cross-linking and immunoprecipitation of these RBPs identifies thousands of endogenous mRNA targets that respond to changes in RBP level, recapitulating effects observed in tethered function assays. Among these RBPs, the ubiquitin-associated protein 2-like (UBAP2L) protein interacts with RNA via its RGG domain and cross-links to mRNA and rRNA. Fusion of UBAP2L to RNA-targeting CRISPR-Cas9 demonstrates programmable translational enhancement. Polysome profiling indicates that UBAP2L promotes translation of target mRNAs, particularly global regulators of translation. Our tethering survey allows rapid assignment of the molecular activity of proteins, such as UBAP2L, to specific steps of mRNA metabolism.The molecular functions of the majority of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) remain unclear, highlighting a major bottleneck to a full understanding of gene expression regulation. Here, we develop a plasmid resource of 690 human RBPs that we subject to luciferase-based 3'-untranslated-region tethered function assays to pinpoint RBPs that regulate RNA stability or translation. Enhanced UV-cross-linking and immunoprecipitation of these RBPs identifies thousands of endogenous mRNA targets that respond to changes in RBP level, recapitulating effects observed in tethered function assays. Among these RBPs, the ubiquitin-associated protein 2-like (UBAP2L) protein interacts with RNA via its RGG domain and cross-links to mRNA and rRNA. Fusion of UBAP2L to RNA-targeting CRISPR-Cas9 demonstrates programmable translational enhancement. Polysome profiling indicates that UBAP2L promotes translation of target mRNAs, particularly global regulators of translation. Our tethering survey allows rapid assignment of the molecular activity of proteins, such as UBAP2L, to specific steps of mRNA metabolism. The molecular functions of the majority of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) remain unclear, highlighting a major bottleneck to a full understanding of gene expression regulation. Here, we develop a plasmid resource of 690 human RBPs that we subject to luciferase-based 3E-untranslated-region tethered function assays to pinpoint RBPs that regulate RNA stability or translation. Enhanced UV-cross-linking and immunoprecipitation of these RBPs identifies thousands of endogenous mRNA targets that respond to changes in RBP level, recapitulating effects observed in tethered function assays. Among these RBPs, the ubiquitin-associated protein 2-like (UBAP2L) protein interacts with RNA via its RGG domain and cross-links to mRNA and rRNA. Fusion of UBAP2L to RNA-targeting CRISPR-Cas9 demonstrates programmable translational enhancement. Polysome profiling indicates that UBAP2L promotes translation of target mRNAs, particularly global regulators of translation. Our tethering survey allows rapid assignment of the molecular activity of proteins, such as UBAP2L, to specific steps of mRNA metabolism. A survey of human RNA-binding proteins based on luciferase-based 3E-untranslated-region tethered function assays and identification of their target mRNAs provides insights into their role in RNA metabolism. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Markmiller, Sebastian Yee, Brian A. Scaletta, Duy B. Schwartz, Joshua L. Pratt, Gabriel A. Ha, Yuanchi Luo, En-Ching Yeo, Gene W. Sathe, Shashank Aigner, Stefan Tan, Frederick E. Nathanson, Jason L. Schmok, Jonathan C. Shankar, Archana Hill, David E. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA 3 Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA 2 Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA 4 Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA – name: 4 Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA – name: 3 Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA – name: 2 Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: En-Ching orcidid: 0000-0001-7941-4924 surname: Luo fullname: Luo, En-Ching organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego – sequence: 2 givenname: Jason L. surname: Nathanson fullname: Nathanson, Jason L. organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego – sequence: 3 givenname: Frederick E. surname: Tan fullname: Tan, Frederick E. organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego – sequence: 4 givenname: Joshua L. surname: Schwartz fullname: Schwartz, Joshua L. organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego – sequence: 5 givenname: Jonathan C. surname: Schmok fullname: Schmok, Jonathan C. organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego – sequence: 6 givenname: Archana orcidid: 0000-0003-3499-4309 surname: Shankar fullname: Shankar, Archana organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego – sequence: 7 givenname: Sebastian surname: Markmiller fullname: Markmiller, Sebastian organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego – sequence: 8 givenname: Brian A. orcidid: 0000-0001-5615-8550 surname: Yee fullname: Yee, Brian A. organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego – sequence: 9 givenname: Shashank surname: Sathe fullname: Sathe, Shashank organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego – sequence: 10 givenname: Gabriel A. surname: Pratt fullname: Pratt, Gabriel A. organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego – sequence: 11 givenname: Duy B. surname: Scaletta fullname: Scaletta, Duy B. organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego – sequence: 12 givenname: Yuanchi surname: Ha fullname: Ha, Yuanchi organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego – sequence: 13 givenname: David E. orcidid: 0000-0001-5192-0921 surname: Hill fullname: Hill, David E. organization: Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute – sequence: 14 givenname: Stefan orcidid: 0000-0002-9511-3328 surname: Aigner fullname: Aigner, Stefan organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego – sequence: 15 givenname: Gene W. orcidid: 0000-0002-0799-6037 surname: Yeo fullname: Yeo, Gene W. email: geneyeo@ucsd.edu organization: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32807991$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 G.W.Y. designed the study; S.A., E.-C.L. and G.W.Y. wrote the manuscript. D.E.H. provided RBP ORF plasmids; J.L.N., D.B.S., J.C.S. and D.B.S. collected, built and validated the tagged RBP libraries. J.L.N. designed and validated the tethering reporters. E.-C.L. and J.L.N. performed RT–qPCR and luciferase assays. E.-C.L. performed knockdown and overexpression assays, western blots and polysome profiling experiments. E.-C.L. and A.S. performed eCLIP and immunofluorescence and microscopy. E.-C.L. generated RNA-seq and polysome profiling RNA-seq libraries. S.M. generated the UBAP2L-knockout cell line. F.E.T. and E.-C.L. performed the RCas9 reporter assay. J.L.S. performed the SUnSET assay. E.-C.L., B.A.Y., S.S., Y.H. and G.A.P. performed bioinformatics analyses. Author contributions |
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| Title | Large-scale tethered function assays identify factors that regulate mRNA stability and translation |
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