Disrupted Brain Connectivity Networks in Drug-Naive, First-Episode Major Depressive Disorder

Neuroimaging studies have shown that major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied by structural and functional abnormalities in specific brain regions and connections; yet, little is known about alterations of the topological organization of whole-brain networks in MDD patients. Thirty drug-naive,...

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Published in	Biological psychiatry (1969) Vol. 70; no. 4; pp. 334 - 342
Main Authors	Zhang, Junran, Wang, Jinhui, Wu, Qizhu, Kuang, Weihong, Huang, Xiaoqi, He, Yong, Gong, Qiyong
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	United States Elsevier Inc 15.08.2011
Subjects	Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Area Under Curve Brain - blood supply Brain - physiopathology Brain Mapping Connectome default-mode depression Depressive Disorder, Major - pathology Female fMRI graph theory Humans Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods Male Middle Aged Nerve Net - blood supply Nerve Net - physiopathology Neural Pathways - blood supply Neural Pathways - physiopathology Oxygen - blood Psychiatry small-world Statistics as Topic Young Adult fMRI Connectome depression default-mode graph theory small-world
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Abstract	Neuroimaging studies have shown that major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied by structural and functional abnormalities in specific brain regions and connections; yet, little is known about alterations of the topological organization of whole-brain networks in MDD patients. Thirty drug-naive, first-episode MDD patients and 63 healthy control subjects underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The whole-brain functional networks were constructed by thresholding partial correlation matrices of 90 brain regions, and their topological properties (e.g., small-world, efficiency, and nodal centrality) were analyzed using graph theory-based approaches. Nonparametric permutation tests were further used for group comparisons of topological metrics. Both the MDD and control groups showed small-world architecture in brain functional networks, suggesting a balance between functional segregation and integration. However, compared with control subjects, the MDD patients showed altered quantitative values in the global properties, characterized by lower path length and higher global efficiency, implying a shift toward randomization in their brain networks. The MDD patients exhibited increased nodal centralities, predominately in the caudate nucleus and default-mode regions, including the hippocampus, inferior parietal, medial frontal, and parietal regions, and reduced nodal centralities in the occipital, frontal (orbital part), and temporal regions. The altered nodal centralities in the left hippocampus and the left caudate nucleus were correlated with disease duration and severity. These results suggest that depressive disorder is associated with disruptions in the topological organization of functional brain networks and that this disruption may contribute to disturbances in mood and cognition in MDD patients.
AbstractList	Neuroimaging studies have shown that major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied by structural and functional abnormalities in specific brain regions and connections; yet, little is known about alterations of the topological organization of whole-brain networks in MDD patients. Thirty drug-naive, first-episode MDD patients and 63 healthy control subjects underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The whole-brain functional networks were constructed by thresholding partial correlation matrices of 90 brain regions, and their topological properties (e.g., small-world, efficiency, and nodal centrality) were analyzed using graph theory-based approaches. Nonparametric permutation tests were further used for group comparisons of topological metrics. Both the MDD and control groups showed small-world architecture in brain functional networks, suggesting a balance between functional segregation and integration. However, compared with control subjects, the MDD patients showed altered quantitative values in the global properties, characterized by lower path length and higher global efficiency, implying a shift toward randomization in their brain networks. The MDD patients exhibited increased nodal centralities, predominately in the caudate nucleus and default-mode regions, including the hippocampus, inferior parietal, medial frontal, and parietal regions, and reduced nodal centralities in the occipital, frontal (orbital part), and temporal regions. The altered nodal centralities in the left hippocampus and the left caudate nucleus were correlated with disease duration and severity. These results suggest that depressive disorder is associated with disruptions in the topological organization of functional brain networks and that this disruption may contribute to disturbances in mood and cognition in MDD patients. Background Neuroimaging studies have shown that major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied by structural and functional abnormalities in specific brain regions and connections; yet, little is known about alterations of the topological organization of whole-brain networks in MDD patients. Methods Thirty drug-naive, first-episode MDD patients and 63 healthy control subjects underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The whole-brain functional networks were constructed by thresholding partial correlation matrices of 90 brain regions, and their topological properties (e.g., small-world, efficiency, and nodal centrality) were analyzed using graph theory-based approaches. Nonparametric permutation tests were further used for group comparisons of topological metrics. Results Both the MDD and control groups showed small-world architecture in brain functional networks, suggesting a balance between functional segregation and integration. However, compared with control subjects, the MDD patients showed altered quantitative values in the global properties, characterized by lower path length and higher global efficiency, implying a shift toward randomization in their brain networks. The MDD patients exhibited increased nodal centralities, predominately in the caudate nucleus and default-mode regions, including the hippocampus, inferior parietal, medial frontal, and parietal regions, and reduced nodal centralities in the occipital, frontal (orbital part), and temporal regions. The altered nodal centralities in the left hippocampus and the left caudate nucleus were correlated with disease duration and severity. Conclusions These results suggest that depressive disorder is associated with disruptions in the topological organization of functional brain networks and that this disruption may contribute to disturbances in mood and cognition in MDD patients. Neuroimaging studies have shown that major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied by structural and functional abnormalities in specific brain regions and connections; yet, little is known about alterations of the topological organization of whole-brain networks in MDD patients.BACKGROUNDNeuroimaging studies have shown that major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied by structural and functional abnormalities in specific brain regions and connections; yet, little is known about alterations of the topological organization of whole-brain networks in MDD patients.Thirty drug-naive, first-episode MDD patients and 63 healthy control subjects underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The whole-brain functional networks were constructed by thresholding partial correlation matrices of 90 brain regions, and their topological properties (e.g., small-world, efficiency, and nodal centrality) were analyzed using graph theory-based approaches. Nonparametric permutation tests were further used for group comparisons of topological metrics.METHODSThirty drug-naive, first-episode MDD patients and 63 healthy control subjects underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The whole-brain functional networks were constructed by thresholding partial correlation matrices of 90 brain regions, and their topological properties (e.g., small-world, efficiency, and nodal centrality) were analyzed using graph theory-based approaches. Nonparametric permutation tests were further used for group comparisons of topological metrics.Both the MDD and control groups showed small-world architecture in brain functional networks, suggesting a balance between functional segregation and integration. However, compared with control subjects, the MDD patients showed altered quantitative values in the global properties, characterized by lower path length and higher global efficiency, implying a shift toward randomization in their brain networks. The MDD patients exhibited increased nodal centralities, predominately in the caudate nucleus and default-mode regions, including the hippocampus, inferior parietal, medial frontal, and parietal regions, and reduced nodal centralities in the occipital, frontal (orbital part), and temporal regions. The altered nodal centralities in the left hippocampus and the left caudate nucleus were correlated with disease duration and severity.RESULTSBoth the MDD and control groups showed small-world architecture in brain functional networks, suggesting a balance between functional segregation and integration. However, compared with control subjects, the MDD patients showed altered quantitative values in the global properties, characterized by lower path length and higher global efficiency, implying a shift toward randomization in their brain networks. The MDD patients exhibited increased nodal centralities, predominately in the caudate nucleus and default-mode regions, including the hippocampus, inferior parietal, medial frontal, and parietal regions, and reduced nodal centralities in the occipital, frontal (orbital part), and temporal regions. The altered nodal centralities in the left hippocampus and the left caudate nucleus were correlated with disease duration and severity.These results suggest that depressive disorder is associated with disruptions in the topological organization of functional brain networks and that this disruption may contribute to disturbances in mood and cognition in MDD patients.CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that depressive disorder is associated with disruptions in the topological organization of functional brain networks and that this disruption may contribute to disturbances in mood and cognition in MDD patients.
Author	Wu, Qizhu Kuang, Weihong Gong, Qiyong Zhang, Junran Huang, Xiaoqi He, Yong Wang, Jinhui
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Junran surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Junran organization: Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology, Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Jinhui surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Jinhui organization: State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Qizhu surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Qizhu organization: Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology, Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Weihong surname: Kuang fullname: Kuang, Weihong organization: Department of Psychiatry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Xiaoqi surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Xiaoqi organization: Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology, Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Yong surname: He fullname: He, Yong email: yong.he@bnu.edu.cn organization: State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China – sequence: 7 givenname: Qiyong surname: Gong fullname: Gong, Qiyong organization: Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology, Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21791259$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	Neuroimaging studies have shown that major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied by structural and functional abnormalities in specific brain regions and... Background Neuroimaging studies have shown that major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied by structural and functional abnormalities in specific brain...
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SubjectTerms	Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Area Under Curve Brain - blood supply Brain - physiopathology Brain Mapping Connectome default-mode depression Depressive Disorder, Major - pathology Female fMRI graph theory Humans Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods Male Middle Aged Nerve Net - blood supply Nerve Net - physiopathology Neural Pathways - blood supply Neural Pathways - physiopathology Oxygen - blood Psychiatry small-world Statistics as Topic Young Adult
Title	Disrupted Brain Connectivity Networks in Drug-Naive, First-Episode Major Depressive Disorder
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