Bilirubin detoxification using different phytomaterials: characterization and in vitro studies
Activated carbon (AC) is a common adsorbent that is used in both artificial and bioartificial liver devices. Three natural materials - date pits of (fruit), (jojoba) seeds, and spp. (microalgae) - were used in the present investigation as precursors for the synthesis of AC using physical activation....
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Published in | International journal of nanomedicine Vol. 13; pp. 2997 - 3010 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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New Zealand
Dove Medical Press Limited
01.01.2018
Taylor & Francis Ltd Dove Medical Press |
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Abstract | Activated carbon (AC) is a common adsorbent that is used in both artificial and bioartificial liver devices.
Three natural materials - date pits of
(fruit),
(jojoba) seeds, and
spp. (microalgae) - were used in the present investigation as precursors for the synthesis of AC using physical activation. The chemical structures and morphology of AC were analyzed. Then, AC's bilirubin adsorption capacity and its cytotoxicity on normal liver (THLE2) and liver cancer (HepG2) cells were characterized.
Compared with the other raw materials examined, date-pit AC was highly selective and showed the most effective capacity of bilirubin adsorption, as judged by isotherm-modeling analysis. MTT in vitro analysis indicated that date-pit AC had the least effect on the viability of both THLE2 and HepG2 cells compared to jojoba seeds and microalgae. All three biomaterials under investigation were used, along with collagen and Matrigel, to grow cells in 3D culture. Fluorescent microscopy confirmed date-pit AC as the best to preserve liver cell integrity.
The findings of this study introduce date-pit-based AC as a novel alternative biomaterial for the removal of protein-bound toxins in bioartificial liver devices. |
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AbstractList | Background: Activated carbon (AC) is a common adsorbent that is used in both artificial and bioartificial liver devices. Methods: Three natural materials – date pits of Phoenix dactylifera (fruit), Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba) seeds, and Scenedesmusspp. (microalgae) – were used in the present investigation as precursors for the synthesis of AC using physical activation. The chemical structures and morphology of AC were analyzed. Then, AC’s bilirubin adsorption capacity and its cytotoxicity on normal liver (THLE2) and liver cancer (HepG2) cells were characterized. Results: Compared with the other raw materials examined, date-pit AC was highly selective and showed the most effective capacity of bilirubin adsorption, as judged by isotherm-modeling analysis. MTT in vitro analysis indicated that date-pit AC had the least effect on the viability of both THLE2 and HepG2 cells compared to jojoba seeds and microalgae. All three biomaterials under investigation were used, along with collagen and Matrigel, to grow cells in 3D culture. Fluorescent microscopy confirmed date-pit AC as the best to preserve liver cell integrity. Conclusion: The findings of this study introduce date-pit-based AC as a novel alternative biomaterial for the removal of protein-bound toxins in bioartificial liver devices. Activated carbon (AC) is a common adsorbent that is used in both artificial and bioartificial liver devices. Three natural materials - date pits of (fruit), (jojoba) seeds, and spp. (microalgae) - were used in the present investigation as precursors for the synthesis of AC using physical activation. The chemical structures and morphology of AC were analyzed. Then, AC's bilirubin adsorption capacity and its cytotoxicity on normal liver (THLE2) and liver cancer (HepG2) cells were characterized. Compared with the other raw materials examined, date-pit AC was highly selective and showed the most effective capacity of bilirubin adsorption, as judged by isotherm-modeling analysis. MTT in vitro analysis indicated that date-pit AC had the least effect on the viability of both THLE2 and HepG2 cells compared to jojoba seeds and microalgae. All three biomaterials under investigation were used, along with collagen and Matrigel, to grow cells in 3D culture. Fluorescent microscopy confirmed date-pit AC as the best to preserve liver cell integrity. The findings of this study introduce date-pit-based AC as a novel alternative biomaterial for the removal of protein-bound toxins in bioartificial liver devices. Betty Titus Mathew,1 Shaima Raji,2 Sawsan Dagher,1 Ali Hilal-Alnaqbi,1,3 Abdel-Hamid Ismail Mourad,1,4 Sulaiman Al-Zuhair,5 Mahmoud Al Ahmad,2 Khaled Abbas El-Tarabily,6 Amr Amin6,7 1Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; 2Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; 3Abu Dhabi Polytechnic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; 4Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt; 5Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; 6Biology Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; 7Department of Zoology/College of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt Background: Activated carbon (AC) is a common adsorbent that is used in both artificial and bioartificial liver devices.Methods: Three natural materials - date pits of Phoenix dactylifera (fruit), Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba) seeds, and Scenedesmus spp. (microalgae) - were used in the present investigation as precursors for the synthesis of AC using physical activation. The chemical structures and morphology of AC were analyzed. Then, AC's bilirubin adsorption capacity and its cytotoxicity on normal liver (THLE2) and liver cancer (HepG2) cells were characterized.Results: Compared with the other raw materials examined, date-pit AC was highly selective and showed the most effective capacity of bilirubin adsorption, as judged by isotherm-modeling analysis. MTT in vitro analysis indicated that date-pit AC had the least effect on the viability of both THLE2 and HepG2 cells compared to jojoba seeds and microalgae. All three biomaterials under investigation were used, along with collagen and Matrigel, to grow cells in 3D culture. Fluorescent microscopy confirmed date-pit AC as the best to preserve liver cell integrity.Conclusion: The findings of this study introduce date-pit-based AC as a novel alternative biomaterial for the removal of protein-bound toxins in bioartificial liver devices. Keywords: activated carbon, adsorption, cytotoxicity, phytomaterials, in vitro analysis, 3D cultures, 2D cultures Background: Activated carbon (AC) is a common adsorbent that is used in both artificial and bioartificial liver devices. Methods: Three natural materials--date pits of Phoenix dactylifera (fruit), Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba) seeds, and Scenedesmus spp. (microalgae)--were used in the present investigation as precursors for the synthesis of AC using physical activation. The chemical structures and morphology of AC were analyzed. Then, AC's bilirubin adsorption capacity and its cytotoxicity on normal liver (THLE2) and liver cancer (HepG2) cells were characterized. Results: Compared with the other raw materials examined, date-pit AC was highly selective and showed the most effective capacity of bilirubin adsorption, as judged by isotherm-modeling analysis. MTT in vitro analysis indicated that date-pit AC had the least effect on the viability of both THLE2 and HepG2 cells compared to jojoba seeds and microalgae. All three biomaterials under investigation were used, along with collagen and Matrigel, to grow cells in 3D culture. Fluorescent microscopy confirmed date-pit AC as the best to preserve liver cell integrity. Conclusion: The findings of this study introduce date-pit-based AC as a novel alternative biomaterial for the removal of protein-bound toxins in bioartificial liver devices. Keywords: activated carbon, adsorption, cytotoxicity, phytomaterials, in vitro analysis, 3D cultures, 2D cultures |
Audience | Academic |
Author | Al-Zuhair, Sulaiman Al Ahmad, Mahmoud Dagher, Sawsan Mathew, Betty Titus Hilal-Alnaqbi, Ali El-Tarabily, Khaled Abbas Mourad, Abdel-Hamid Ismail Raji, Shaima Amin, Amr |
AuthorAffiliation | 1 Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates 2 Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates 6 Biology Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates 5 Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates 3 Abu Dhabi Polytechnic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates 7 Department of Zoology/College of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt 4 Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt |
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Snippet | Activated carbon (AC) is a common adsorbent that is used in both artificial and bioartificial liver devices.
Three natural materials - date pits of
(fruit),... Background: Activated carbon (AC) is a common adsorbent that is used in both artificial and bioartificial liver devices. Methods: Three natural materials--date... Background: Activated carbon (AC) is a common adsorbent that is used in both artificial and bioartificial liver devices. Methods: Three natural materials –... Betty Titus Mathew,1 Shaima Raji,2 Sawsan Dagher,1 Ali Hilal-Alnaqbi,1,3 Abdel-Hamid Ismail Mourad,1,4 Sulaiman Al-Zuhair,5 Mahmoud Al Ahmad,2 Khaled Abbas... |
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SubjectTerms | 3D and 2D cultures Activated carbon Adsorbents Adsorption Albumins - chemistry Algae Bilirubin Bilirubin - chemistry Bilirubin - pharmacokinetics Bilirubin - toxicity Biological products Cancer Cell culture Cell Line Charcoal - chemistry Collagen Cytotoxicity Disease Hep G2 Cells Humans In vitro analysis Inactivation, Metabolic Liver Liver - cytology Liver cancer Liver, Artificial Magnoliopsida - chemistry Microscopy Novels Original Research Patients Phoeniceae - chemistry Phytomaterials Protein binding Raw materials Scenedesmus - chemistry Seeds Seeds - chemistry Stem cell research Studies Toxins Transplants & implants |
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Title | Bilirubin detoxification using different phytomaterials: characterization and in vitro studies |
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