Single-cell RNA sequencing explores the evolution of the ecosystem from leukoplakia to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 8097 - 11
• Main Authors: Wang, Haibin, Guan, Zhenjie, Zheng, Lian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 06.04.2024; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 631/67/1536; 631/67/1665; 692/699/3020/1665; Angiogenesis; CD163 antigen; CD1c antigen; Cell activation; Cell proliferation; Cell survival; Chemotaxis; Dendritic cells; Differentiation trajectory; Ecosystem evolution; Epithelial cells; Frizzled-related protein 1; Gene expression; Head & neck cancer; Head and neck carcinoma; Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; Humanities and Social Sciences; Immune response; Inflammation; Leukocyte migration; Leukokeratosis; Leukoplakia; Lymphocytes T; Macrophages; Medical prognosis; Molecular modelling; multidisciplinary; Myeloid cells; Prognosis; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Squamous cell carcinoma; Transcription activation; Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; Differentiation trajectory; Prognosis; Leukoplakia; Ecosystem evolution
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58978-9
• ISSN: 2045-2322

It has been found that progression from leukoplakia to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a long-term process that may involve changes in the multicellular ecosystem. We acquired scRNA-seq samples information from gene expression omnibus and UCSC Xena database. The BEAM function was used to construct the pseudotime trajectory and analyze the differentially expressed genes in different branches. We used the ssGSEA method to explore the correlation between each cell subgroup and survival time, and obtained the cell subgroup related to prognosis. During the progression from leukoplakia to HNSCC, we found several prognostic cell subgroups, such as AURKB + epithelial cells, SFRP1 + fibroblasts, SLC7A8 + macrophages, FCER1A + CD1C + dendritic cells, and TRGC2 + NK/T cells. All cell subgroups had two different fates, one tending to cell proliferation, migration, and enhancement of angiogenesis capacity, and the other tending to inflammatory immune response, leukocyte chemotaxis, and T cell activation. Tumor-promoting genes such as CD163 and CD209 were highly expressed in the myeloid cells, and depletion marker genes such as TIGIT, LAG3 were highly expressed in NK/T cells. Our study may provide a reference for the molecular mechanism of HNSCC and theoretical basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies.