Innate immunity: the first line of defense against SARS-CoV-2

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. While most infections are mild, some patients experience severe and potentially fatal systemic inflammation, tissue damage,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inNature immunology Vol. 23; no. 2; pp. 165 - 176
Main Authors Diamond, Michael S., Kanneganti, Thirumala-Devi
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Nature Publishing Group US 01.02.2022
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects
631/250/2504
631/250/262
631/326/596/4130
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - immunology
COVID-19 - metabolism
COVID-19 - virology
Cytokine storm
Cytokines
Cytokines - immunology
Cytokines - metabolism
Humans
Immune clearance
Immune Evasion
Immune system
Immunity, Innate
Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Inflammasomes - immunology
Inflammasomes - metabolism
Inflammation
Innate immunity
Morbidity
NLR Proteins - immunology
NLR Proteins - metabolism
Pandemics
Pattern recognition
Pattern recognition receptors
Receptors, Pattern Recognition - immunology
Receptors, Pattern Recognition - metabolism
Respiratory distress syndrome
Review Article
SARS-CoV-2 - immunology
SARS-CoV-2 - pathogenicity
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Signal Transduction
Toll-Like Receptors - immunology
Toll-Like Receptors - metabolism
Virus Internalization
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. While most infections are mild, some patients experience severe and potentially fatal systemic inflammation, tissue damage, cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The innate immune system acts as the first line of defense, sensing the virus through pattern recognition receptors and activating inflammatory pathways that promote viral clearance. Here, we discuss innate immune processes involved in SARS-CoV-2 recognition and the resultant inflammation. Improved understanding of how the innate immune system detects and responds to SARS-CoV-2 will help identify targeted therapeutic modalities that mitigate severe disease and improve patient outcomes. Kanneganti and Diamond review the key role played by innate immunity in the control and immunopathology of COVID-19.
AbstractList The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. While most infections are mild, some patients experience severe and potentially fatal systemic inflammation, tissue damage, cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The innate immune system acts as the first line of defense, sensing the virus through pattern recognition receptors and activating inflammatory pathways that promote viral clearance. Here, we discuss innate immune processes involved in SARS-CoV-2 recognition and the resultant inflammation. Improved understanding of how the innate immune system detects and responds to SARS-CoV-2 will help identify targeted therapeutic modalities that mitigate severe disease and improve patient outcomes.The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. While most infections are mild, some patients experience severe and potentially fatal systemic inflammation, tissue damage, cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The innate immune system acts as the first line of defense, sensing the virus through pattern recognition receptors and activating inflammatory pathways that promote viral clearance. Here, we discuss innate immune processes involved in SARS-CoV-2 recognition and the resultant inflammation. Improved understanding of how the innate immune system detects and responds to SARS-CoV-2 will help identify targeted therapeutic modalities that mitigate severe disease and improve patient outcomes.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. While most infections are mild, some patients experience severe and potentially fatal systemic inflammation, tissue damage, cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The innate immune system acts as the first line of defense, sensing the virus through pattern recognition receptors and activating inflammatory pathways that promote viral clearance. Here, we discuss innate immune processes involved in SARS-CoV-2 recognition and the resultant inflammation. Improved understanding of how the innate immune system detects and responds to SARS-CoV-2 will help identify targeted therapeutic modalities that mitigate severe disease and improve patient outcomes.Kanneganti and Diamond review the key role played by innate immunity in the control and immunopathology of COVID-19.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. While most infections are mild, some patients experience severe and potentially fatal systemic inflammation, tissue damage, cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The innate immune system acts as the first line of defense, sensing the virus through pattern recognition receptors and activating inflammatory pathways that promote viral clearance. Here, we discuss the innate immune processes involved in virus recognition and the resultant inflammation, and how this insight has enabled the development of therapeutic interventions against COVID-19. An improved understanding of how the innate immune system detects and responds to SARS-CoV-2 will help identify targeted therapeutic modalities that mitigate severe disease and improve patient outcomes.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. While most infections are mild, some patients experience severe and potentially fatal systemic inflammation, tissue damage, cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The innate immune system acts as the first line of defense, sensing the virus through pattern recognition receptors and activating inflammatory pathways that promote viral clearance. Here, we discuss innate immune processes involved in SARS-CoV-2 recognition and the resultant inflammation. Improved understanding of how the innate immune system detects and responds to SARS-CoV-2 will help identify targeted therapeutic modalities that mitigate severe disease and improve patient outcomes. Kanneganti and Diamond review the key role played by innate immunity in the control and immunopathology of COVID-19.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. While most infections are mild, some patients experience severe and potentially fatal systemic inflammation, tissue damage, cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The innate immune system acts as the first line of defense, sensing the virus through pattern recognition receptors and activating inflammatory pathways that promote viral clearance. Here, we discuss innate immune processes involved in SARS-CoV-2 recognition and the resultant inflammation. Improved understanding of how the innate immune system detects and responds to SARS-CoV-2 will help identify targeted therapeutic modalities that mitigate severe disease and improve patient outcomes.
Author Diamond, Michael S.
Kanneganti, Thirumala-Devi
AuthorAffiliation 2 Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
1 Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
4 The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
5 Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
3 Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 3 Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
– name: 4 The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
– name: 1 Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
– name: 2 Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
– name: 5 Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Michael S.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-8791-3165
  surname: Diamond
  fullname: Diamond, Michael S.
  organization: Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Thirumala-Devi
  orcidid: 0000-0002-6395-6443
  surname: Kanneganti
  fullname: Kanneganti, Thirumala-Devi
  email: thirumala-devi.kanneganti@stjude.org
  organization: Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35105981$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace New York
PublicationPlace_xml – name: New York
– name: United States
PublicationTitle Nature immunology
PublicationTitleAbbrev Nat Immunol
PublicationTitleAlternate Nat Immunol
PublicationYear 2022
Publisher Nature Publishing Group US
Nature Publishing Group
Publisher_xml – name: Nature Publishing Group US
– name: Nature Publishing Group
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Snippet The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, continues to cause substantial...
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. While most infections are mild,...
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proquest
pubmed
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Index Database
Enrichment Source
Publisher
StartPage 165
SubjectTerms 631/250/2504
631/250/262
631/326/596/4130
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - immunology
COVID-19 - metabolism
COVID-19 - virology
Cytokine storm
Cytokines
Cytokines - immunology
Cytokines - metabolism
Humans
Immune clearance
Immune Evasion
Immune system
Immunity, Innate
Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Inflammasomes - immunology
Inflammasomes - metabolism
Inflammation
Innate immunity
Morbidity
NLR Proteins - immunology
NLR Proteins - metabolism
Pandemics
Pattern recognition
Pattern recognition receptors
Receptors, Pattern Recognition - immunology
Receptors, Pattern Recognition - metabolism
Respiratory distress syndrome
Review Article
SARS-CoV-2 - immunology
SARS-CoV-2 - pathogenicity
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Signal Transduction
Toll-Like Receptors - immunology
Toll-Like Receptors - metabolism
Virus Internalization
Title Innate immunity: the first line of defense against SARS-CoV-2
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41590-021-01091-0
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35105981
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2624808493
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2624950355
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8935980
Volume 23
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