Wide genetic diversity of salinity tolerance, sodium exclusion and growth in wild emmer wheat, Triticum dicoccoides
Wild emmer (Triticum dicoccoides) is a progenitor of tetraploid wheat and currently grows in environments subject to abiotic stresses, including high salinity. Fifty-four genotypes originating from nine geographical populations in Israel, and five standard wheats (three durum and two bread wheats) w...
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| Published in | Breeding Science Vol. 60; no. 4; pp. 426 - 435 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Tokyo
Japanese Society of Breeding
2010
Japan Science and Technology Agency |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1344-7610 1347-3735 1347-3735 |
| DOI | 10.1270/jsbbs.60.426 |
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| Abstract | Wild emmer (Triticum dicoccoides) is a progenitor of tetraploid wheat and currently grows in environments subject to abiotic stresses, including high salinity. Fifty-four genotypes originating from nine geographical populations in Israel, and five standard wheats (three durum and two bread wheats) were assessed for salinity tolerance using supported hydroponics. In this study, we summarize two key components that contribute to salinity tolerance: shoot growth in saline conditions relative to control conditions (relative dry weight); and Na+ accumulation in leaves of salinised plants. An additional third component (shoot growth under control conditions) has an indirect role but is important for salinity tolerance in an agricultural context. Variability in these three components was high. Some genotypes showed high overall relative dry weight, having the ability to maintain growth in moderately saline solution, a low-to-moderate Na+ accumulation, and high biomass production under control conditions. Genotypes from other populations had very high relative dry weight but grew very slowly, so were of limited agricultural relevance. Six selected genotypes possessing useful qualities for at least one of the tested components of salinity tolerance were re-analyzed, and a genotype from Gitit in the eastern Samaria steppes was identified as the most promising salt-tolerant line for further investigation. |
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| AbstractList | Wild emmer (Triticum dicoccoides) is a progenitor of tetraploid wheat and currently grows in environments subject to abiotic stresses, including high salinity. Fifty-four genotypes originating from nine geographical populations in Israel, and five standard wheats (three durum and two bread wheats) were assessed for salinity tolerance using supported hydroponics. In this study, we summarize two key components that contribute to salinity tolerance: shoot growth in saline conditions relative to control conditions (relative dry weight); and Na+ accumulation in leaves of salinised plants. An additional third component (shoot growth under control conditions) has an indirect role but is important for salinity tolerance in an agricultural context. Variability in these three components was high. Some genotypes showed high overall relative dry weight, having the ability to maintain growth in moderately saline solution, a low-to-moderate Na+ accumulation, and high biomass production under control conditions. Genotypes from other populations had very high relative dry weight but grew very slowly, so were of limited agricultural relevance. Six selected genotypes possessing useful qualities for at least one of the tested components of salinity tolerance were re-analyzed, and a genotype from Gitit in the eastern Samaria steppes was identified as the most promising salt-tolerant line for further investigation. Wild emmer (Triticum dicoccoides) is a progenitor of tetraploid wheat and currently grows in environments subject to abiotic stresses, including high salinity. Fifty-four genotypes originating from nine geographical populations in Israel, and five standard wheats (three durum and two bread wheats) were assessed for salinity tolerance using supported hydroponics. In this study, we summarize two key components that contribute to salinity tolerance: shoot growth in saline conditions relative to control conditions (relative dry weight); and Na super(+) accumulation in leaves of salinised plants. An additional third component (shoot growth under control conditions) has an indirect role but is important for salinity tolerance in an agricultural context. Variability in these three components was high. Some genotypes showed high overall relative dry weight, having the ability to maintain growth in moderately saline solution, a low-to-moderate Na super(+) accumulation, and high biomass production under control conditions. Genotypes from other populations had very high relative dry weight but grew very slowly, so were of limited agricultural relevance. Six selected genotypes possessing useful qualities for at least one of the tested components of salinity tolerance were re-analyzed, and a genotype from Gitit in the eastern Samaria steppes was identified as the most promising salt-tolerant line for further investigation. |
| Author | Langridge, Peter Nevo, Eviatar Tester, Mark Shavrukov, Yuri |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Shavrukov, Yuri organization: Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, University of Adelaide – sequence: 1 fullname: Langridge, Peter organization: Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, University of Adelaide – sequence: 1 fullname: Tester, Mark organization: Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, University of Adelaide – sequence: 1 fullname: Nevo, Eviatar organization: Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1071/AR99057 10.1007/BF00227318 10.1071/PP9920331 10.1104/pp.106.093476 10.1007/BF00221141 10.1023/A:1024553303144 10.1093/jxb/43.4.511 10.1073/pnas.072223799 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.02107.x 10.4081/eb.2009.e3 10.1093/jxb/38.2.254 10.1111/j.1439-0523.1993.tb00599.x 10.1104/pp.106.088864 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01731.x 10.1270/jsbbs.59.671 10.1007/BF00223692 10.1007/BF00288856 10.1080/07929978.1999.10676751 10.1093/jxb/41.5.623 10.1071/FP04111 10.2135/cropsci1991.0011183X003100040030x 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01726.x 10.1104/pp.106.086538 10.1007/s10681-008-9703-8 10.1007/978-3-662-07140-3 10.1534/genetics.105.041632 |
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| References | Nevo, E. and G. Chen (2010) Drought and salt tolerances in wild relatives for wheat and barley improvement. Plant Cell Environ. 33: 670–685. Nevo, E. (2009) Evolution in action across life at “Evolution Canyon”, Israel. Trends Evol. Biol. 1: 12–34. Shavrukov, Y., P. Langridge and M. Tester (2009) Salinity tolerance and sodium exclusion in genus Triticum. Breed. Sci. 59: 671–678. Munns, R. and R.A. James (2003) Screening methods for salinity tolerance: a case study with tetraploid wheat. Plant Soil 253: 201–218. Nevo, E., T. Krugman and A. Beiles (1993) Genetic resources for salt tolerance in the wild progenitors of wheat (Triticum dicoccoides) and barley (Hordeum spontaneum) in Israel. Plant Breed. 110: 338–341. Xie, W. and E. Nevo (2008) Wild emmer: genetic resources, gene mapping and potential for wheat improvement. Euphytica 164: 603–614. Aaronshon, A. (1910) Agricultural and botanical exploration in Palestine. Bulletin of U.S. Department of Agriculture Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington Government Printing Office, Washington. p. 63. Schachtman, D.P., R. Munns and M.I. Whitecross (1991) Variation in sodium exclusion and salt tolerance in Triticum tauschii. Crop Sci. 31: 992–997. Gorham, J., A. Bristol, E.M. Young and R.G. Wyn Jones (1991) The presence of the enhanced K/Na discrimination trait in diploid Triticum species. Theor. Appl. Genet. 82: 729–736. Huang, S., W. Spielmeyer, E.S. Lagudah, R.A. James, J.D. Platten, E.S. Dennis and R. Munns (2006) A sodium transporter (HKT7) is a candidate for Nax1, a gene for salt tolerance in durum wheat. Plant Physiol. 142: 1718–1727. Gorham, J. (1990) Salt tolerance in the Triticeae: K/Na discrimination in synthetic hexaploid wheats. J. Exp. Bot. 41: 623–627. Byrt, C.S., J.D. Platten, W. Spielmeyer, R.A. James, E.S. Lagudah, E.S. Dennis, M. Tester and R. Munns (2007) HKT1;5-like cation transporters linked to Na+ exclusion loci in wheat, Nax2 and Kna1. Plant Physiol. 143: 1918–1928. Dubcovsky, J., G. Santa-Maria, E. Epstein, M.C. Luo and J. Dvorak (1996) Mapping of the K/Na discrimination locus Kna1 in wheat. Theor. App. Genet. 92: 448–454. Schachtman, D.P., E.S. Lagudah and R. Munns (1992) The expressions of salt tolerance from Triticum tauschii in hexaploid wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 84: 714–719. Shavrukov, Y., J. Bowner, P. Langridge and M. Tester (2006) Screening for sodium exclusion in wheat and barley. In: Proceedings of the 13th Australian Society of Agronomy, Perth. http://www.regional.org.au/au/asa/2006/concurrent/environment/4581_shavrukoky.htm Dvorak, J., M.M. Noaman, S. Goyal and J. Gorham (1994) Enhancement of the salt tolerance of Triticum turgidum L. by the Kna1 locus transferred from the Triticum aestivum L. chromosome 4D by homoeologous recombination. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98: 872–877. Schachtman, D.P. and R. Munns (1992) Sodium accumulation in leaves of Triticum species that differ in salt tolerance. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 19: 331–340. Gorham, J., C. Hardy, R.G. Wyn Jones, L.R. Joppa and C.N. Law (1987) Chromosomal location of a K/Na discrimination character in the D genome of wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 74: 584–588. James, R.A., R.J. Davenport and R. Munns (2006) Physiological characterisation of two genes for Na+ exclusion in durum wheat, Nax1 and Nax2. Plant Physiol. 142: 1537–1547. Nevo, E., A.B. Korol, A. Beiles and T. Fahima (2002) Evolution of Wild Emmer and Wheat Improvement. Population Genetics, Genetic Resources, and Genome Organization of Wheat’s Progenitor, Triticum dicoccoides. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, p. 364. Nevo, E., O. Fragman, A. Dafni and A. Beiles (1999) Biodiversity and interslope divergence of vascular plants caused by microclimatic differences at “Evolution Canyon”, Lower Nahal Oren, Mount Carmel, Israel. Isr. J. Plant Sci. 47: 49–59. Lindsay, M.P., E.S. Lagudah, R.A. Hare and R. Munns (2004) A locus for sodium exclusion (Nax1), a trait for salt tolerance, mapped in durum wheat. Funct. Plant Biol. 83: 170–176. Dvorak, J. and E.D. Akhunov (2005) Tempos of gene locus deletions and duplications and their relationship to recombination rate during diploid and polyploid evolution in the Aegilops-Triticum alliance. Genetics 171: 323–332. Munns, R., R.A. Hore, R.A. James and G.J. Rebetzke (2000) Genetic variation for improving the salt tolerance of durum wheat. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 51: 69–74. Nevo, E., J. Gorham and A. Beiles (1992) Variation for 22Na uptake in wild emmer wheat, Triticum dicoccoides in Israel: Salt tolerance resources for wheat improvement. J. Exp. Bot. 43: 511–518. Selezska, K., L. Brodsky and E. Nevo (2007) Adaptive growth rates of fungi from Aspergillus niger group in contrasting environments: the Dead Sea and “Evolution Canyon” I (Israel) under different osmostress. Mycologia Balcanica 4: 51–60. Nevo, E. (2004) Genomic diversity in nature and domestication. In: Henry, R. (ed.) Diversity and Evolution of Plants. Genotypic and Phenotypic Variation in Higher Plants. CAB International Publishing, Wallingford, UK, pp. 287–315. Huang, S., A. Sirikhachornkit, X. Su, J. Faris, B. Gill, R. Haselkorn and P. Gornicki (2002) Genes encoding plastid acetyl-CoA carboxylase and 3-phosphoglycerate kinase of the Triticum/Aegilops complex and the evolutionary history of polyploid wheat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 8133–8138. Genc, Y., G. McDonald and M. Tester (2007) Reassessment of tissue Na+ concentration as a criterion for salinity tolerance in bread wheat. Plant Cell Environ. 30: 1486–1498. Peleg, Z., Y. Saranga, T. Krugman, S. Abbo, E. Nevo and T. Fahima (2008) Allelic diversity associated with aridity gradient in wild emmer wheat populations. Plant Cell Environ. 31: 39–49. Shah, S.H., J. Gorham, B.P. Forster and R.G. Wyn Jones (1987) Salt tolerance in the Triticeae: The contribution of the D genome to cation selectivity in hexaploid wheat. J. Exper. Bot. 38: 254–269. 22 23 26 27 28 29 (9) 1991; 82 (25) 1992; 84 30 31 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (24) 1991; 31 20 21 |
| References_xml | – reference: Peleg, Z., Y. Saranga, T. Krugman, S. Abbo, E. Nevo and T. Fahima (2008) Allelic diversity associated with aridity gradient in wild emmer wheat populations. Plant Cell Environ. 31: 39–49. – reference: Schachtman, D.P. and R. Munns (1992) Sodium accumulation in leaves of Triticum species that differ in salt tolerance. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 19: 331–340. – reference: Gorham, J. (1990) Salt tolerance in the Triticeae: K/Na discrimination in synthetic hexaploid wheats. J. Exp. Bot. 41: 623–627. – reference: James, R.A., R.J. Davenport and R. Munns (2006) Physiological characterisation of two genes for Na+ exclusion in durum wheat, Nax1 and Nax2. Plant Physiol. 142: 1537–1547. – reference: Nevo, E. (2004) Genomic diversity in nature and domestication. In: Henry, R. (ed.) Diversity and Evolution of Plants. Genotypic and Phenotypic Variation in Higher Plants. CAB International Publishing, Wallingford, UK, pp. 287–315. – reference: Nevo, E. (2009) Evolution in action across life at “Evolution Canyon”, Israel. Trends Evol. Biol. 1: 12–34. – reference: Shavrukov, Y., P. Langridge and M. Tester (2009) Salinity tolerance and sodium exclusion in genus Triticum. Breed. Sci. 59: 671–678. – reference: Aaronshon, A. (1910) Agricultural and botanical exploration in Palestine. Bulletin of U.S. Department of Agriculture Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington Government Printing Office, Washington. p. 63. – reference: Dvorak, J., M.M. Noaman, S. Goyal and J. Gorham (1994) Enhancement of the salt tolerance of Triticum turgidum L. by the Kna1 locus transferred from the Triticum aestivum L. chromosome 4D by homoeologous recombination. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98: 872–877. – reference: Shavrukov, Y., J. Bowner, P. Langridge and M. Tester (2006) Screening for sodium exclusion in wheat and barley. In: Proceedings of the 13th Australian Society of Agronomy, Perth. http://www.regional.org.au/au/asa/2006/concurrent/environment/4581_shavrukoky.htm – reference: Dvorak, J. and E.D. Akhunov (2005) Tempos of gene locus deletions and duplications and their relationship to recombination rate during diploid and polyploid evolution in the Aegilops-Triticum alliance. Genetics 171: 323–332. – reference: Gorham, J., C. Hardy, R.G. Wyn Jones, L.R. Joppa and C.N. Law (1987) Chromosomal location of a K/Na discrimination character in the D genome of wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 74: 584–588. – reference: Schachtman, D.P., E.S. Lagudah and R. Munns (1992) The expressions of salt tolerance from Triticum tauschii in hexaploid wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 84: 714–719. – reference: Huang, S., A. Sirikhachornkit, X. Su, J. Faris, B. Gill, R. Haselkorn and P. Gornicki (2002) Genes encoding plastid acetyl-CoA carboxylase and 3-phosphoglycerate kinase of the Triticum/Aegilops complex and the evolutionary history of polyploid wheat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 8133–8138. – reference: Munns, R. and R.A. James (2003) Screening methods for salinity tolerance: a case study with tetraploid wheat. Plant Soil 253: 201–218. – reference: Nevo, E. and G. Chen (2010) Drought and salt tolerances in wild relatives for wheat and barley improvement. Plant Cell Environ. 33: 670–685. – reference: Xie, W. and E. Nevo (2008) Wild emmer: genetic resources, gene mapping and potential for wheat improvement. Euphytica 164: 603–614. – reference: Nevo, E., O. Fragman, A. Dafni and A. Beiles (1999) Biodiversity and interslope divergence of vascular plants caused by microclimatic differences at “Evolution Canyon”, Lower Nahal Oren, Mount Carmel, Israel. Isr. J. Plant Sci. 47: 49–59. – reference: Lindsay, M.P., E.S. Lagudah, R.A. Hare and R. Munns (2004) A locus for sodium exclusion (Nax1), a trait for salt tolerance, mapped in durum wheat. Funct. Plant Biol. 83: 170–176. – reference: Gorham, J., A. Bristol, E.M. Young and R.G. Wyn Jones (1991) The presence of the enhanced K/Na discrimination trait in diploid Triticum species. Theor. Appl. Genet. 82: 729–736. – reference: Schachtman, D.P., R. Munns and M.I. Whitecross (1991) Variation in sodium exclusion and salt tolerance in Triticum tauschii. Crop Sci. 31: 992–997. – reference: Nevo, E., A.B. Korol, A. Beiles and T. Fahima (2002) Evolution of Wild Emmer and Wheat Improvement. Population Genetics, Genetic Resources, and Genome Organization of Wheat’s Progenitor, Triticum dicoccoides. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, p. 364. – reference: Byrt, C.S., J.D. Platten, W. Spielmeyer, R.A. James, E.S. Lagudah, E.S. Dennis, M. Tester and R. Munns (2007) HKT1;5-like cation transporters linked to Na+ exclusion loci in wheat, Nax2 and Kna1. Plant Physiol. 143: 1918–1928. – reference: Munns, R., R.A. Hore, R.A. James and G.J. Rebetzke (2000) Genetic variation for improving the salt tolerance of durum wheat. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 51: 69–74. – reference: Nevo, E., T. Krugman and A. Beiles (1993) Genetic resources for salt tolerance in the wild progenitors of wheat (Triticum dicoccoides) and barley (Hordeum spontaneum) in Israel. Plant Breed. 110: 338–341. – reference: Shah, S.H., J. Gorham, B.P. Forster and R.G. Wyn Jones (1987) Salt tolerance in the Triticeae: The contribution of the D genome to cation selectivity in hexaploid wheat. J. Exper. Bot. 38: 254–269. – reference: Nevo, E., J. Gorham and A. Beiles (1992) Variation for 22Na uptake in wild emmer wheat, Triticum dicoccoides in Israel: Salt tolerance resources for wheat improvement. J. Exp. Bot. 43: 511–518. – reference: Genc, Y., G. McDonald and M. Tester (2007) Reassessment of tissue Na+ concentration as a criterion for salinity tolerance in bread wheat. Plant Cell Environ. 30: 1486–1498. – reference: Dubcovsky, J., G. Santa-Maria, E. Epstein, M.C. Luo and J. Dvorak (1996) Mapping of the K/Na discrimination locus Kna1 in wheat. Theor. App. Genet. 92: 448–454. – reference: Huang, S., W. Spielmeyer, E.S. Lagudah, R.A. James, J.D. Platten, E.S. Dennis and R. Munns (2006) A sodium transporter (HKT7) is a candidate for Nax1, a gene for salt tolerance in durum wheat. Plant Physiol. 142: 1718–1727. – reference: Selezska, K., L. Brodsky and E. Nevo (2007) Adaptive growth rates of fungi from Aspergillus niger group in contrasting environments: the Dead Sea and “Evolution Canyon” I (Israel) under different osmostress. Mycologia Balcanica 4: 51–60. – ident: 14 doi: 10.1071/AR99057 – ident: 16 – volume: 82 start-page: 729 issn: 0040-5752 issue: 6 year: 1991 ident: 9 doi: 10.1007/BF00227318 – ident: 26 doi: 10.1071/PP9920331 – ident: 2 doi: 10.1104/pp.106.093476 – volume: 84 start-page: 714 issn: 0040-5752 issue: 5/6 year: 1992 ident: 25 – ident: 4 doi: 10.1007/BF00221141 – ident: 15 doi: 10.1023/A:1024553303144 – ident: 18 doi: 10.1093/jxb/43.4.511 – ident: 10 doi: 10.1073/pnas.072223799 – ident: 22 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.02107.x – ident: 17 doi: 10.4081/eb.2009.e3 – ident: 28 doi: 10.1093/jxb/38.2.254 – ident: 19 doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0523.1993.tb00599.x – ident: 11 doi: 10.1104/pp.106.088864 – ident: 23 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01731.x – ident: 30 doi: 10.1270/jsbbs.59.671 – ident: 3 doi: 10.1007/BF00223692 – ident: 1 – ident: 7 doi: 10.1007/BF00288856 – ident: 20 doi: 10.1080/07929978.1999.10676751 – ident: 8 doi: 10.1093/jxb/41.5.623 – ident: 13 doi: 10.1071/FP04111 – volume: 31 start-page: 992 issn: 0011-183X issue: 4 year: 1991 ident: 24 doi: 10.2135/cropsci1991.0011183X003100040030x – ident: 29 – ident: 6 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01726.x – ident: 12 doi: 10.1104/pp.106.086538 – ident: 31 doi: 10.1007/s10681-008-9703-8 – ident: 21 doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-07140-3 – ident: 5 doi: 10.1534/genetics.105.041632 – ident: 27 |
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| Title | Wide genetic diversity of salinity tolerance, sodium exclusion and growth in wild emmer wheat, Triticum dicoccoides |
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| ispartofPNX | Breeding Science, 2010, Vol.60(4), pp.426-435 |
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