Satellite-based rainfall data reveal a recent drying trend in central equatorial Africa

West-central Uganda, a biodiversity hotspot on the eastern edge of central equatorial Africa (CEA), is a region coping with balancing food security needs of a rapidly growing human population dependent on subsistence agriculture with the conservation of critically endangered species. Documenting and...

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Published inClimatic change Vol. 126; no. 1-2; pp. 263 - 272
Main Authors Diem, Jeremy E, Ryan, Sadie J, Hartter, Joel, Palace, Michael W
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Dordrecht Springer-Verlag 01.09.2014
Springer Netherlands
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
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Abstract West-central Uganda, a biodiversity hotspot on the eastern edge of central equatorial Africa (CEA), is a region coping with balancing food security needs of a rapidly growing human population dependent on subsistence agriculture with the conservation of critically endangered species. Documenting and understanding rainfall trends is thus of critical importance in west-central Uganda, but sparse information exists on rainfall trends in CEA during the past several decades. The recently created African Rainfall Climatology version 2 (ARC2) dataset has been shown to perform satisfactorily at identifying rainfall days and estimating seasonal rainfall totals in west-central Uganda. Therefore, we use ARC2 data to assess rainfall trends in west-central Uganda and other parts of equatorial Africa from 1983–2012. The core variables examined were three-month rainfall variables for west-central Uganda, and annual rainfall variables and seasonal rainfall totals for a transect that extended from northwestern Democratic Republic of the Congo to southern Somalia. Significant decreases in rainfall in west-central Uganda occurred for multiple three-month periods centered on boreal summer, and rainfall associated with the two growing seasons decreased by 20 % from 1983–2012. The drying trend in west-central Uganda extended westward into the Congo rainforest. Rainfall in CEA was significantly correlated with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) at the annual scale and during boreal summer and autumn. Two other possible causes of the decreasing rainfall in CEA besides North Atlantic Ocean sea-surface temperatures (e.g., AMO), are the warming of the Indian Ocean and increasing concentrations of carbonaceous aerosols over tropical Africa from biomass burning.
AbstractList West-central Uganda, a biodiversity hotspot on the eastern edge of central equatorial Africa (CEA), is a region coping with balancing food security needs of a rapidly growing human population dependent on subsistence agriculture with the conservation of critically endangered species. Documenting and understanding rainfall trends is thus of critical importance in west-central Uganda, but sparse information exists on rainfall trends in CEA during the past several decades. The recently created African Rainfall Climatology version 2 (ARC2) dataset has been shown to perform satisfactorily at identifying rainfall days and estimating seasonal rainfall totals in west-central Uganda. Therefore, we use ARC2 data to assess rainfall trends in west-central Uganda and other parts of equatorial Africa from 1983–2012. The core variables examined were three-month rainfall variables for west-central Uganda, and annual rainfall variables and seasonal rainfall totals for a transect that extended from northwestern Democratic Republic of the Congo to southern Somalia. Significant decreases in rainfall in west-central Uganda occurred for multiple three-month periods centered on boreal summer, and rainfall associated with the two growing seasons decreased by 20 % from 1983–2012. The drying trend in west-central Uganda extended westward into the Congo rainforest. Rainfall in CEA was significantly correlated with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) at the annual scale and during boreal summer and autumn. Two other possible causes of the decreasing rainfall in CEA besides North Atlantic Ocean sea-surface temperatures (e.g., AMO), are the warming of the Indian Ocean and increasing concentrations of carbonaceous aerosols over tropical Africa from biomass burning.
Issue Title: Climatic Change Letters | Edited by Michael Oppenheimer | pages 245-272 West-central Uganda, a biodiversity hotspot on the eastern edge of central equatorial Africa (CEA), is a region coping with balancing food security needs of a rapidly growing human population dependent on subsistence agriculture with the conservation of critically endangered species. Documenting and understanding rainfall trends is thus of critical importance in west-central Uganda, but sparse information exists on rainfall trends in CEA during the past several decades. The recently created African Rainfall Climatology version 2 (ARC2) dataset has been shown to perform satisfactorily at identifying rainfall days and estimating seasonal rainfall totals in west-central Uganda. Therefore, we use ARC2 data to assess rainfall trends in west-central Uganda and other parts of equatorial Africa from 1983-2012. The core variables examined were three-month rainfall variables for west-central Uganda, and annual rainfall variables and seasonal rainfall totals for a transect that extended from northwestern Democratic Republic of the Congo to southern Somalia. Significant decreases in rainfall in west-central Uganda occurred for multiple three-month periods centered on boreal summer, and rainfall associated with the two growing seasons decreased by 20 % from 1983-2012. The drying trend in west-central Uganda extended westward into the Congo rainforest. Rainfall in CEA was significantly correlated with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) at the annual scale and during boreal summer and autumn. Two other possible causes of the decreasing rainfall in CEA besides North Atlantic Ocean sea-surface temperatures (e.g., AMO), are the warming of the Indian Ocean and increasing concentrations of carbonaceous aerosols over tropical Africa from biomass burning.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
West-central Uganda, a biodiversity hotspot on the eastern edge of central equatorial Africa (CEA), is a region coping with balancing food security needs of a rapidly growing human population dependent on subsistence agriculture with the conservation of critically endangered species. Documenting and understanding rainfall trends is thus of critical importance in west-central Uganda, but sparse information exists on rainfall trends in CEA during the past several decades. The recently created African Rainfall Climatology version 2 (ARC2) dataset has been shown to perform satisfactorily at identifying rainfall days and estimating seasonal rainfall totals in west-central Uganda. Therefore, we use ARC2 data to assess rainfall trends in west-central Uganda and other parts of equatorial Africa from 1983-2012. The core variables examined were three-month rainfall variables for west-central Uganda, and annual rainfall variables and seasonal rainfall totals for a transect that extended from northwestern Democratic Republic of the Congo to southern Somalia. Significant decreases in rainfall in west-central Uganda occurred for multiple three-month periods centered on boreal summer, and rainfall associated with the two growing seasons decreased by 20 % from 1983-2012. The drying trend in west-central Uganda extended westward into the Congo rainforest. Rainfall in CEA was significantly correlated with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) at the annual scale and during boreal summer and autumn. Two other possible causes of the decreasing rainfall in CEA besides North Atlantic Ocean sea-surface temperatures (e.g., AMO), are the warming of the Indian Ocean and increasing concentrations of carbonaceous aerosols over tropical Africa from biomass burning.
Author Palace, Michael W
Diem, Jeremy E
Hartter, Joel
Ryan, Sadie J
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IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 1-2
Keywords Indian Ocean Dipole
Carbonaceous Aerosol
Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
Boreal Summer
Rainfall Trend
time series analysis
Dry out
Climatology
rainfall
trend-surface analysis
atmospheric precipitation
1990-2000
Space remote sensing
2000-2010
Observation data
Satellite observation
1980-1990
Language English
License CC BY 4.0
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c539t-efb026d4647e04c23e55b50dc43f6ef80a6c9b992d55e8a2fbe1a97b10c70d453
Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1217-x
ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
PQID 1563758507
PQPubID 36297
PageCount 10
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_1642310394
proquest_miscellaneous_1618155692
proquest_journals_1563758507
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10584_014_1217_x
pascalfrancis_primary_28831011
springer_journals_10_1007_s10584_014_1217_x
fao_agris_US201500063640
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2014-09-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2014-09-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 09
  year: 2014
  text: 2014-09-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace Dordrecht
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Dordrecht
– name: Heidelberg
PublicationSubtitle An Interdisciplinary, International Journal Devoted to the Description, Causes and Implications of Climatic Change
PublicationTitle Climatic change
PublicationTitleAbbrev Climatic Change
PublicationYear 2014
Publisher Springer-Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
Publisher_xml – sequence: 0
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Snippet West-central Uganda, a biodiversity hotspot on the eastern edge of central equatorial Africa (CEA), is a region coping with balancing food security needs of a...
Issue Title: Climatic Change Letters | Edited by Michael Oppenheimer | pages 245-272 West-central Uganda, a biodiversity hotspot on the eastern edge of central...
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SubjectTerms Aerosols
Annual rainfall
Atmospheric Sciences
autumn
Biodiversity
Biodiversity hot spots
Biomass
Biomass burning
burning
Climate
Climate change
Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
Climate science
Climatology
data collection
Datasets
dry season
Drying
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Endangered species
Estimating
Exact sciences and technology
External geophysics
Food security
Global warming
Growing season
human population
Human populations
Hydrologic data
Letter
Mesoscale convective complexes
meteorological data
Meteorology
Novellas
Rain
rain forests
Rainfall
Rainforests
satellites
Sea surface temperature
Seasons
Subsistence agriculture
subsistence farming
Summer
surface water temperature
Trends
Water in the atmosphere (humidity, clouds, evaporation, precipitation)
Wildlife conservation
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Title Satellite-based rainfall data reveal a recent drying trend in central equatorial Africa
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