Protein database searches using compositionally adjusted substitution matrices

Almost all protein database search methods use amino acid substitution matrices for scoring, optimizing, and assessing the statistical significance of sequence alignments. Much care and effort has therefore gone into constructing substitution matrices, and the quality of search results can depend st...

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Published inThe FEBS journal Vol. 272; no. 20; pp. 5101 - 5109
Main Authors Altschul, Stephen F., Wootton, John C., Gertz, E. Michael, Agarwala, Richa, Morgulis, Aleksandr, Schäffer, Alejandro A., Yu, Yi‐Kuo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Oxford, UK Blackwell Science Ltd 01.10.2005
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Abstract Almost all protein database search methods use amino acid substitution matrices for scoring, optimizing, and assessing the statistical significance of sequence alignments. Much care and effort has therefore gone into constructing substitution matrices, and the quality of search results can depend strongly upon the choice of the proper matrix. A long‐standing problem has been the comparison of sequences with biased amino acid compositions, for which standard substitution matrices are not optimal. To address this problem, we have recently developed a general procedure for transforming a standard matrix into one appropriate for the comparison of two sequences with arbitrary, and possibly differing compositions. Such adjusted matrices yield, on average, improved alignments and alignment scores when applied to the comparison of proteins with markedly biased compositions. Here we review the application of compositionally adjusted matrices and consider whether they may also be applied fruitfully to general purpose protein sequence database searches, in which related sequence pairs do not necessarily have strong compositional biases. Although it is not advisable to apply compositional adjustment indiscriminately, we describe several simple criteria under which invoking such adjustment is on average beneficial. In a typical database search, at least one of these criteria is satisfied by over half the related sequence pairs. Compositional substitution matrix adjustment is now available in NCBI's protein–protein version of blast.
AbstractList Almost all protein database search methods use amino acid substitution matrices for scoring, optimizing, and assessing the statistical significance of sequence alignments. Much care and effort has therefore gone into constructing substitution matrices, and the quality of search results can depend strongly upon the choice of the proper matrix. A long‐standing problem has been the comparison of sequences with biased amino acid compositions, for which standard substitution matrices are not optimal. To address this problem, we have recently developed a general procedure for transforming a standard matrix into one appropriate for the comparison of two sequences with arbitrary, and possibly differing compositions. Such adjusted matrices yield, on average, improved alignments and alignment scores when applied to the comparison of proteins with markedly biased compositions. Here we review the application of compositionally adjusted matrices and consider whether they may also be applied fruitfully to general purpose protein sequence database searches, in which related sequence pairs do not necessarily have strong compositional biases. Although it is not advisable to apply compositional adjustment indiscriminately, we describe several simple criteria under which invoking such adjustment is on average beneficial. In a typical database search, at least one of these criteria is satisfied by over half the related sequence pairs. Compositional substitution matrix adjustment is now available in NCBI's protein–protein version of blast.
Almost all protein database search methods use amino acid substitution matrices for scoring, optimizing, and assessing the statistical significance of sequence alignments. Much care and effort has therefore gone into constructing substitution matrices, and the quality of search results can depend strongly upon the choice of the proper matrix. A long-standing problem has been the comparison of sequences with biased amino acid compositions, for which standard substitution matrices are not optimal. To address this problem, we have recently developed a general procedure for transforming a standard matrix into one appropriate for the comparison of two sequences with arbitrary, and possibly differing compositions. Such adjusted matrices yield, on average, improved alignments and alignment scores when applied to the comparison of proteins with markedly biased compositions. Here we review the application of compositionally adjusted matrices and consider whether they may also be applied fruitfully to general purpose protein sequence database searches, in which related sequence pairs do not necessarily have strong compositional biases. Although it is not advisable to apply compositional adjustment indiscriminately, we describe several simple criteria under which invoking such adjustment is on average beneficial. In a typical database search, at least one of these criteria is satisfied by over half the related sequence pairs. Compositional substitution matrix adjustment is now available in NCBI's protein-protein version of blast.
Almost all protein database search methods use amino acid substitution matrices for scoring, optimizing, and assessing the statistical significance of sequence alignments. Much care and effort has therefore gone into constructing substitution matrices, and the quality of search results can depend strongly upon the choice of the proper matrix. A long‐standing problem has been the comparison of sequences with biased amino acid compositions, for which standard substitution matrices are not optimal. To address this problem, we have recently developed a general procedure for transforming a standard matrix into one appropriate for the comparison of two sequences with arbitrary, and possibly differing compositions. Such adjusted matrices yield, on average, improved alignments and alignment scores when applied to the comparison of proteins with markedly biased compositions. Here we review the application of compositionally adjusted matrices and consider whether they may also be applied fruitfully to general purpose protein sequence database searches, in which related sequence pairs do not necessarily have strong compositional biases. Although it is not advisable to apply compositional adjustment indiscriminately, we describe several simple criteria under which invoking such adjustment is on average beneficial. In a typical database search, at least one of these criteria is satisfied by over half the related sequence pairs. Compositional substitution matrix adjustment is now available in NCBI's protein–protein version of blast .
Author Yu, Yi‐Kuo
Altschul, Stephen F.
Agarwala, Richa
Morgulis, Aleksandr
Gertz, E. Michael
Schäffer, Alejandro A.
Wootton, John C.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Stephen F.
  surname: Altschul
  fullname: Altschul, Stephen F.
– sequence: 2
  givenname: John C.
  surname: Wootton
  fullname: Wootton, John C.
– sequence: 3
  givenname: E. Michael
  surname: Gertz
  fullname: Gertz, E. Michael
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Richa
  surname: Agarwala
  fullname: Agarwala, Richa
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Aleksandr
  surname: Morgulis
  fullname: Morgulis, Aleksandr
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Alejandro A.
  surname: Schäffer
  fullname: Schäffer, Alejandro A.
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Yi‐Kuo
  surname: Yu
  fullname: Yu, Yi‐Kuo
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16218944$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet Almost all protein database search methods use amino acid substitution matrices for scoring, optimizing, and assessing the statistical significance of sequence...
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SubjectTerms Algorithms
blast
BLOSUM
compositional adjustment
Computational Biology - methods
Databases, Protein
Internet
protein database searches
Proteins - chemistry
Proteins - genetics
ROC Curve
Sequence Alignment - methods
Sequence Alignment - statistics & numerical data
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Software
substitution matrices
Title Protein database searches using compositionally adjusted substitution matrices
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fj.1742-4658.2005.04945.x
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16218944
https://search.proquest.com/docview/68683845
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC1343503
Volume 272
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