CYP3A4 drug interactions: correlation of 10 in vitro probe substrates
Aims Many substrates of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 are used for in vitro investigations of drug metabolism and potential drug–drug interactions. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between 10 commonly used CYP3A4 probes using modifiers with a range of inhibitory potency. Me...
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Published in | British journal of clinical pharmacology Vol. 48; no. 5; pp. 716 - 727 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article Conference Proceeding |
Language | English |
Published |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Science Ltd
01.11.1999
Blackwell Science Blackwell Science Inc |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Abstract | Aims Many substrates of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 are used for in vitro investigations of drug metabolism and potential drug–drug interactions. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between 10 commonly used CYP3A4 probes using modifiers with a range of inhibitory potency.
Methods The effects of 34 compounds on CYP3A4‐mediated metabolism were investigated in a recombinant CYP3A4 expression system. Inhibition of erythromycin, dextromethorphan and diazepam N‐demethylation, testosterone 6β‐hydroxylation, midazolam 1‐hydroxylation, triazolam 4‐hydroxylation, nifedipine oxidation, cyclosporin oxidation, terfenadine C‐hydroxylation and N‐dealkylation and benzyloxyresorufin O‐dealkylation was evaluated at the apparent Km or S50 (for substrates showing sigmoidicity) value for each substrate and at an inhibitor concentration of 30 μm.
Results While all CYP3A4 probe substrates demonstrate some degree of similarity, examination of the coefficients of determination, together with difference and cluster analysis highlighted that seven substrates can be categorized into two distinct substrate groups. Erythromycin, cyclosporin and testosterone form the most closely related group and dextromethorphan, diazepam, midazolam and triazolam form a second group. Terfenadine can be equally well placed in either group, while nifedipine shows a distinctly different relationship. Benzyloxyresorufin shows the weakest correlation with all the other CYP3A4 probes. Modifiers that caused negligible inhibition or potent inhibition are generally comparable in all assays, however, the greatest variability is apparent with compounds causing, on average, intermediate inhibition. Modifiers of this type may cause substantial inhibition, no effect or even activation depending on the substrate employed.
Conclusions It is recommended that multiple CYP3A4 probes, representing each substrate group, are used for the in vitro assessment of CYP3A4‐mediated drug interactions. |
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AbstractList | AIMSMany substrates of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 are used for in vitro investigations of drug metabolism and potential drug-drug interactions. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between 10 commonly used CYP3A4 probes using modifiers with a range of inhibitory potency.METHODSThe effects of 34 compounds on CYP3A4-mediated metabolism were investigated in a recombinant CYP3A4 expression system. Inhibition of erythromycin, dextromethorphan and diazepam N-demethylation, testosterone 6beta-hydroxylation, midazolam 1-hydroxylation, triazolam 4-hydroxylation, nifedipine oxidation, cyclosporin oxidation, terfenadine C-hydroxylation and N-dealkylation and benzyloxyresorufin O-dealkylation was evaluated at the apparent Km or S50 (for substrates showing sigmoidicity) value for each substrate and at an inhibitor concentration of 30 microM.RESULTSWhile all CYP3A4 probe substrates demonstrate some degree of similarity, examination of the coefficients of determination, together with difference and cluster analysis highlighted that seven substrates can be categorized into two distinct substrate groups. Erythromycin, cyclosporin and testosterone form the most closely related group and dextromethorphan, diazepam, midazolam and triazolam form a second group. Terfenadine can be equally well placed in either group, while nifedipine shows a distinctly different relationship. Benzyloxyresorufin shows the weakest correlation with all the other CYP3A4 probes. Modifiers that caused negligible inhibition or potent inhibition are generally comparable in all assays, however, the greatest variability is apparent with compounds causing, on average, intermediate inhibition. Modifiers of this type may cause substantial inhibition, no effect or even activation depending on the substrate employed.CONCLUSIONSIt is recommended that multiple CYP3A4 probes, representing each substrate group, are used for the in vitro assessment of CYP3A4-mediated drug interactions. Many substrates of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 are used for in vitro investigations of drug metabolism and potential drug-drug interactions. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between 10 commonly used CYP3A4 probes using modifiers with a range of inhibitory potency. The effects of 34 compounds on CYP3A4-mediated metabolism were investigated in a recombinant CYP3A4 expression system. Inhibition of erythromycin, dextromethorphan and diazepam N-demethylation, testosterone 6beta-hydroxylation, midazolam 1-hydroxylation, triazolam 4-hydroxylation, nifedipine oxidation, cyclosporin oxidation, terfenadine C-hydroxylation and N-dealkylation and benzyloxyresorufin O-dealkylation was evaluated at the apparent Km or S50 (for substrates showing sigmoidicity) value for each substrate and at an inhibitor concentration of 30 microM. While all CYP3A4 probe substrates demonstrate some degree of similarity, examination of the coefficients of determination, together with difference and cluster analysis highlighted that seven substrates can be categorized into two distinct substrate groups. Erythromycin, cyclosporin and testosterone form the most closely related group and dextromethorphan, diazepam, midazolam and triazolam form a second group. Terfenadine can be equally well placed in either group, while nifedipine shows a distinctly different relationship. Benzyloxyresorufin shows the weakest correlation with all the other CYP3A4 probes. Modifiers that caused negligible inhibition or potent inhibition are generally comparable in all assays, however, the greatest variability is apparent with compounds causing, on average, intermediate inhibition. Modifiers of this type may cause substantial inhibition, no effect or even activation depending on the substrate employed. It is recommended that multiple CYP3A4 probes, representing each substrate group, are used for the in vitro assessment of CYP3A4-mediated drug interactions. Aims Many substrates of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 are used for in vitro investigations of drug metabolism and potential drug–drug interactions. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between 10 commonly used CYP3A4 probes using modifiers with a range of inhibitory potency. Methods The effects of 34 compounds on CYP3A4‐mediated metabolism were investigated in a recombinant CYP3A4 expression system. Inhibition of erythromycin, dextromethorphan and diazepam N‐demethylation, testosterone 6β‐hydroxylation, midazolam 1‐hydroxylation, triazolam 4‐hydroxylation, nifedipine oxidation, cyclosporin oxidation, terfenadine C‐hydroxylation and N‐dealkylation and benzyloxyresorufin O‐dealkylation was evaluated at the apparent Km or S50 (for substrates showing sigmoidicity) value for each substrate and at an inhibitor concentration of 30 μm. Results While all CYP3A4 probe substrates demonstrate some degree of similarity, examination of the coefficients of determination, together with difference and cluster analysis highlighted that seven substrates can be categorized into two distinct substrate groups. Erythromycin, cyclosporin and testosterone form the most closely related group and dextromethorphan, diazepam, midazolam and triazolam form a second group. Terfenadine can be equally well placed in either group, while nifedipine shows a distinctly different relationship. Benzyloxyresorufin shows the weakest correlation with all the other CYP3A4 probes. Modifiers that caused negligible inhibition or potent inhibition are generally comparable in all assays, however, the greatest variability is apparent with compounds causing, on average, intermediate inhibition. Modifiers of this type may cause substantial inhibition, no effect or even activation depending on the substrate employed. Conclusions It is recommended that multiple CYP3A4 probes, representing each substrate group, are used for the in vitro assessment of CYP3A4‐mediated drug interactions. Aims Many substrates of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 are used for in vitro investigations of drug metabolism and potential drug–drug interactions. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between 10 commonly used CYP3A4 probes using modifiers with a range of inhibitory potency. Methods The effects of 34 compounds on CYP3A4‐mediated metabolism were investigated in a recombinant CYP3A4 expression system. Inhibition of erythromycin, dextromethorphan and diazepam N‐demethylation, testosterone 6β‐hydroxylation, midazolam 1‐hydroxylation, triazolam 4‐hydroxylation, nifedipine oxidation, cyclosporin oxidation, terfenadine C‐hydroxylation and N‐dealkylation and benzyloxyresorufin O‐dealkylation was evaluated at the apparent K m or S 50 (for substrates showing sigmoidicity) value for each substrate and at an inhibitor concentration of 30 μm. Results While all CYP3A4 probe substrates demonstrate some degree of similarity, examination of the coefficients of determination, together with difference and cluster analysis highlighted that seven substrates can be categorized into two distinct substrate groups. Erythromycin, cyclosporin and testosterone form the most closely related group and dextromethorphan, diazepam, midazolam and triazolam form a second group. Terfenadine can be equally well placed in either group, while nifedipine shows a distinctly different relationship. Benzyloxyresorufin shows the weakest correlation with all the other CYP3A4 probes. Modifiers that caused negligible inhibition or potent inhibition are generally comparable in all assays, however, the greatest variability is apparent with compounds causing, on average, intermediate inhibition. Modifiers of this type may cause substantial inhibition, no effect or even activation depending on the substrate employed. Conclusions It is recommended that multiple CYP3A4 probes, representing each substrate group, are used for the in vitro assessment of CYP3A4‐mediated drug interactions. |
Author | Clarke Kenworthy Bloomer Houston |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: K. E surname: KENWORTHY fullname: KENWORTHY, K. E organization: School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom – sequence: 2 givenname: J. C surname: BLOOMER fullname: BLOOMER, J. C organization: Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Welwyn, United Kingdom – sequence: 3 givenname: S. E surname: CLARKE fullname: CLARKE, S. E organization: Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Welwyn, United Kingdom – sequence: 4 givenname: J. B surname: HOUSTON fullname: HOUSTON, J. B organization: School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom |
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Issue | 5 |
Keywords | Substrate Drug combination Enzymatic activity Isozyme Cytochrome P450 Enzyme inhibitor Drug interaction Inhibition Measurement method Metabolism Pharmacokinetics In vitro |
Language | English |
License | CC BY 4.0 |
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MeetingName | The Dutch Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmacy. Meeting |
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Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Present address: Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, The Frythe, Welwyn, UK. |
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PublicationDate | November 1999 |
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PublicationPlace | Oxford, UK |
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PublicationTitle | British journal of clinical pharmacology |
PublicationTitleAlternate | Br J Clin Pharmacol |
PublicationYear | 1999 |
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References | 1993; 25 1990; 18 1995; 58 1995; 57 1993; 44 1997; 25 1993; 21 1994; 22 1988; 263 1985; 82 1996; 59 1992; 51 1992; 52 1998; 38 1998; 37 1993; 14 1997; 248 1990; 48 1995; 49 1994a; 48 1995; 23 1993; 54 1997; 36 1986; 261 1994; 56 1994; 33 1996; 82 1994; 38 1996; 276 1994; 37 1989; 36 1996; 277 1994; 4 Guengerich FP (e_1_2_6_4_2) 1986; 261 e_1_2_6_31_2 e_1_2_6_30_2 Newton DJ (e_1_2_6_33_2) 1995; 23 e_1_2_6_18_2 Pichard L (e_1_2_6_9_2) 1990; 18 e_1_2_6_19_2 Lown KS (e_1_2_6_21_2) 1994; 22 e_1_2_6_12_2 e_1_2_6_35_2 e_1_2_6_13_2 e_1_2_6_34_2 e_1_2_6_10_2 e_1_2_6_11_2 e_1_2_6_16_2 Wang RW (e_1_2_6_23_2) 1997; 25 Rodrigues AD (e_1_2_6_8_2) 1995; 23 e_1_2_6_14_2 e_1_2_6_15_2 e_1_2_6_36_2 e_1_2_6_20_2 Kronbach T (e_1_2_6_5_2) 1989; 36 Kinirons MT (e_1_2_6_17_2) 1994; 37 Yun CH (e_1_2_6_37_2) 1993; 21 e_1_2_6_7_2 e_1_2_6_29_2 e_1_2_6_3_2 Bourrie M (e_1_2_6_32_2) 1996; 277 e_1_2_6_6_2 e_1_2_6_24_2 e_1_2_6_2_2 e_1_2_6_22_2 e_1_2_6_27_2 e_1_2_6_26_2 e_1_2_6_25_2 Von Moltke LL (e_1_2_6_28_2) 1996; 276 |
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volume: 18 start-page: 595 year: 1990 ident: e_1_2_6_9_2 article-title: Cyclosporin A drug interactions: Screening for inducers and inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (cyclosporin A oxidase) in primary cultures of human hepatocytes and in liver microsomes. publication-title: Drug Metab Dispos contributor: fullname: Pichard L – ident: e_1_2_6_30_2 doi: 10.1016/0165-6147(93)90070-Z – ident: e_1_2_6_34_2 doi: 10.1016/0009-9236(95)90067-5 – ident: e_1_2_6_24_2 doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(94)00477-4 – ident: e_1_2_6_13_2 doi: 10.1038/clpt.1992.174 – volume: 37 start-page: 501P year: 1994 ident: e_1_2_6_17_2 article-title: Route of administration does not explain the lack of correlation between putative in vivo probes of cytochrome P4503A. publication-title: Br J Clin Pharmacol contributor: fullname: Kinirons MT – ident: e_1_2_6_2_2 doi: 10.3109/03602539308993982 – volume: 261 start-page: 5051 year: 1986 ident: e_1_2_6_4_2 article-title: Characterisation of rat and human liver microsomal cytochrome 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midazolam and triazolam by human liver cytochrome P450IIIA4. publication-title: Mol Pharmacol contributor: fullname: Kronbach T – ident: e_1_2_6_29_2 doi: 10.1006/abio.1997.2145 – ident: e_1_2_6_19_2 doi: 10.1016/0009-9236(95)90261-9 – ident: e_1_2_6_26_2 doi: 10.1021/bi9715627 – ident: e_1_2_6_18_2 doi: 10.1038/clpt.1994.185 – ident: e_1_2_6_11_2 doi: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.38.1.389 – ident: e_1_2_6_31_2 doi: 10.1016/0165-6147(93)90080-4 – ident: e_1_2_6_3_2 doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.18.6310 – volume: 25 start-page: 502 year: 1997 ident: e_1_2_6_23_2 article-title: Human cytochrome P450 3A4‐catalysed testosterone 6β‐hydroxylation and erythromycin N‐demethylation: Competition during catalysis. publication-title: Drug Metab Dispos contributor: fullname: Wang RW – volume: 23 start-page: 154 year: 1995 ident: e_1_2_6_33_2 article-title: Cytochrome P450 inhibitors: Evaluation of specificities in the in vitro metabolism of therapeutic agents by human liver microsomes. publication-title: Drug Metab Dispos contributor: fullname: Newton DJ – ident: e_1_2_6_20_2 doi: 10.1016/S0009-9236(96)90023-5 – ident: e_1_2_6_14_2 doi: 10.1038/clpt.1992.3 – volume: 276 start-page: 370 year: 1996 ident: e_1_2_6_28_2 article-title: Triazolam biotransformation by human liver microsomes in vitro: Effects of metabolic inhibitors and clinical conformation of a predicted interaction with ketoconazole. publication-title: J Pharmacol Exp Ther contributor: fullname: Von Moltke LL – volume: 277 start-page: 321 year: 1996 ident: e_1_2_6_32_2 article-title: Cytochrome P450 inhibitors as a tool for the investigation of metabolic reactions catalysed by human liver microsomes. publication-title: J Pharmacol Exp Ther contributor: fullname: Bourrie M – volume: 22 start-page: 947 year: 1994 ident: e_1_2_6_21_2 article-title: Inter‐patient heterogeneity in expression of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in small bowel: Lack of prediction by the erythromycin breath test. publication-title: Drug Metab Dispos contributor: fullname: Lown KS – volume: 23 start-page: 765 year: 1995 ident: e_1_2_6_8_2 article-title: In vitro metabolism of terfenadine by a purified recombinant fusion protein containing cytochrome P4503A4 and NADPH‐P450 reductase. publication-title: Drug Metab Dispos contributor: fullname: Rodrigues AD |
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Snippet | Aims Many substrates of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 are used for in vitro investigations of drug metabolism and potential drug–drug interactions. The aim of the... Many substrates of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 are used for in vitro investigations of drug metabolism and potential drug-drug interactions. The aim of the... Aims Many substrates of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 are used for in vitro investigations of drug metabolism and potential drug–drug interactions. The aim of the... AIMSMany substrates of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 are used for in vitro investigations of drug metabolism and potential drug-drug interactions. The aim of the... |
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SubjectTerms | allostery Biological and medical sciences CYP3A4 Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - metabolism Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism cytochrome P450 inhibition Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology General pharmacology Humans in vitro probes Kinetics Medical sciences Mixed Function Oxygenases - antagonists & inhibitors Mixed Function Oxygenases - metabolism Original Pharmaceutical Preparations - metabolism Pharmacokinetics. Pharmacogenetics. Drug-receptor interactions Pharmacology. Drug treatments Recombinant Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors Recombinant Proteins - metabolism |
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Title | CYP3A4 drug interactions: correlation of 10 in vitro probe substrates |
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