The phenomenon of micronutrient deficiency among children in China: a systematic review of the literature

The present study aimed to review the literature on micronutrient deficiency and other factors influencing a deficiency status among children living in China. A systematic review was performed to analyse the literature. Studies were identified through a search of PubMed and secondary references. Chi...

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Published inPublic health nutrition Vol. 17; no. 11; pp. 2605 - 2618
Main Authors Wong, Angel YS, Chan, Esther W, Chui, Celine SL, Sutcliffe, Alastair G, Wong, Ian CK
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.11.2014
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ISSN1368-9800
1475-2727
1475-2727
DOI10.1017/S1368980013002978

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Abstract The present study aimed to review the literature on micronutrient deficiency and other factors influencing a deficiency status among children living in China. A systematic review was performed to analyse the literature. Studies were identified through a search of PubMed and secondary references. Children living in China aged less than 18 years. Sixty-one articles were included. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency decreased to approximately 10 % in 1995-2009. It increased with age but no significant difference was found between genders. The prevalence of thiamin and vitamin B12 deficiency was 10·5 % in Yunnan and 4·5 % in Chongqing provinces, respectively. Higher vitamin D deficiency rates were seen in spring and winter. The incidence of bleeding due to vitamin K deficiency was 3·3 % in 1998-2001 and more prevalent in rural areas. Both iodine deficiency and excess iodine intake were observed. Goitre rates were reported in Tibet, Jiangxi, Gansu and Hong Kong (3·5-46 %). Anaemia rates ranged from 20 % to 40 % in 2007-2011. High Se deficiency rates were found in Tibet, Shaanxi and Jiangsu. High Zn deficiency rates were also found (50-70 %) in 1995-2006. Few studies reported Ca deficiency rates (19·6-34·3 %). The degrees of deficiency for vitamin A, vitamin B12, Fe and Zn were more substantial in rural areas compared with urban areas. The prevalence of micronutrient deficiency rates varied. Socio-economic status, environmental factors and the Chinese diet may influence micronutrient deficiency. Public health policies should consider implementing programmes of supplementation, food fortification and nutrition education to address these deficiencies among Chinese children.
AbstractList The present study aimed to review the literature on micronutrient deficiency and other factors influencing a deficiency status among children living in China. A systematic review was performed to analyse the literature. Studies were identified through a search of PubMed and secondary references. Children living in China aged less than 18 years. Sixty-one articles were included. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency decreased to approximately 10 % in 1995-2009. It increased with age but no significant difference was found between genders. The prevalence of thiamin and vitamin B12 deficiency was 10·5 % in Yunnan and 4·5 % in Chongqing provinces, respectively. Higher vitamin D deficiency rates were seen in spring and winter. The incidence of bleeding due to vitamin K deficiency was 3·3 % in 1998-2001 and more prevalent in rural areas. Both iodine deficiency and excess iodine intake were observed. Goitre rates were reported in Tibet, Jiangxi, Gansu and Hong Kong (3·5-46 %). Anaemia rates ranged from 20 % to 40 % in 2007-2011. High Se deficiency rates were found in Tibet, Shaanxi and Jiangsu. High Zn deficiency rates were also found (50-70 %) in 1995-2006. Few studies reported Ca deficiency rates (19·6-34·3 %). The degrees of deficiency for vitamin A, vitamin B12, Fe and Zn were more substantial in rural areas compared with urban areas. The prevalence of micronutrient deficiency rates varied. Socio-economic status, environmental factors and the Chinese diet may influence micronutrient deficiency. Public health policies should consider implementing programmes of supplementation, food fortification and nutrition education to address these deficiencies among Chinese children.
The present study aimed to review the literature on micronutrient deficiency and other factors influencing a deficiency status among children living in China.OBJECTIVEThe present study aimed to review the literature on micronutrient deficiency and other factors influencing a deficiency status among children living in China.A systematic review was performed to analyse the literature.DESIGNA systematic review was performed to analyse the literature.Studies were identified through a search of PubMed and secondary references.SETTINGStudies were identified through a search of PubMed and secondary references.Children living in China aged less than 18 years.SUBJECTSChildren living in China aged less than 18 years.Sixty-one articles were included. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency decreased to approximately 10 % in 1995-2009. It increased with age but no significant difference was found between genders. The prevalence of thiamin and vitamin B12 deficiency was 10·5 % in Yunnan and 4·5 % in Chongqing provinces, respectively. Higher vitamin D deficiency rates were seen in spring and winter. The incidence of bleeding due to vitamin K deficiency was 3·3 % in 1998-2001 and more prevalent in rural areas. Both iodine deficiency and excess iodine intake were observed. Goitre rates were reported in Tibet, Jiangxi, Gansu and Hong Kong (3·5-46 %). Anaemia rates ranged from 20 % to 40 % in 2007-2011. High Se deficiency rates were found in Tibet, Shaanxi and Jiangsu. High Zn deficiency rates were also found (50-70 %) in 1995-2006. Few studies reported Ca deficiency rates (19·6-34·3 %). The degrees of deficiency for vitamin A, vitamin B12, Fe and Zn were more substantial in rural areas compared with urban areas.RESULTSSixty-one articles were included. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency decreased to approximately 10 % in 1995-2009. It increased with age but no significant difference was found between genders. The prevalence of thiamin and vitamin B12 deficiency was 10·5 % in Yunnan and 4·5 % in Chongqing provinces, respectively. Higher vitamin D deficiency rates were seen in spring and winter. The incidence of bleeding due to vitamin K deficiency was 3·3 % in 1998-2001 and more prevalent in rural areas. Both iodine deficiency and excess iodine intake were observed. Goitre rates were reported in Tibet, Jiangxi, Gansu and Hong Kong (3·5-46 %). Anaemia rates ranged from 20 % to 40 % in 2007-2011. High Se deficiency rates were found in Tibet, Shaanxi and Jiangsu. High Zn deficiency rates were also found (50-70 %) in 1995-2006. Few studies reported Ca deficiency rates (19·6-34·3 %). The degrees of deficiency for vitamin A, vitamin B12, Fe and Zn were more substantial in rural areas compared with urban areas.The prevalence of micronutrient deficiency rates varied. Socio-economic status, environmental factors and the Chinese diet may influence micronutrient deficiency. Public health policies should consider implementing programmes of supplementation, food fortification and nutrition education to address these deficiencies among Chinese children.CONCLUSIONSThe prevalence of micronutrient deficiency rates varied. Socio-economic status, environmental factors and the Chinese diet may influence micronutrient deficiency. Public health policies should consider implementing programmes of supplementation, food fortification and nutrition education to address these deficiencies among Chinese children.
Abstract Objective The present study aimed to review the literature on micronutrient deficiency and other factors influencing a deficiency status among children living in China. Design A systematic review was performed to analyse the literature. Setting Studies were identified through a search of PubMed and secondary references. Subjects Children living in China aged less than 18 years. Results Sixty-one articles were included. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency decreased to approximately 10 % in 1995-2009. It increased with age but no significant difference was found between genders. The prevalence of thiamin and vitamin B12 deficiency was 10·5 % in Yunnan and 4·5 % in Chongqing provinces, respectively. Higher vitamin D deficiency rates were seen in spring and winter. The incidence of bleeding due to vitamin K deficiency was 3·3 % in 1998-2001 and more prevalent in rural areas. Both iodine deficiency and excess iodine intake were observed. Goitre rates were reported in Tibet, Jiangxi, Gansu and Hong Kong (3·5-46 %). Anaemia rates ranged from 20 % to 40 % in 2007-2011. High Se deficiency rates were found in Tibet, Shaanxi and Jiangsu. High Zn deficiency rates were also found (50-70 %) in 1995-2006. Few studies reported Ca deficiency rates (19·6-34·3 %). The degrees of deficiency for vitamin A, vitamin B12, Fe and Zn were more substantial in rural areas compared with urban areas. Conclusions The prevalence of micronutrient deficiency rates varied. Socio-economic status, environmental factors and the Chinese diet may influence micronutrient deficiency. Public health policies should consider implementing programmes of supplementation, food fortification and nutrition education to address these deficiencies among Chinese children.
The present study aimed to review the literature on micronutrient deficiency and other factors influencing a deficiency status among children living in China. A systematic review was performed to analyse the literature. Studies were identified through a search of PubMed and secondary references. Children living in China aged less than 18 years. Sixty-one articles were included. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency decreased to approximately 10 % in 1995-2009. It increased with age but no significant difference was found between genders. The prevalence of thiamin and vitamin B sub(12) deficiency was 10.5 % in Yunnan and 4.5 % in Chongqing provinces, respectively. Higher vitamin D deficiency rates were seen in spring and winter. The incidence of bleeding due to vitamin K deficiency was 3.3 % in 1998-2001 and more prevalent in rural areas. Both iodine deficiency and excess iodine intake were observed. Goitre rates were reported in Tibet, Jiangxi, Gansu and Hong Kong (3.5-46 %). Anaemia rates ranged from 20 % to 40 % in 2007-2011. High Se deficiency rates were found in Tibet, Shaanxi and Jiangsu. High Zn deficiency rates were also found (50-70 %) in 1995-2006. Few studies reported Ca deficiency rates (19.6-34.3 %). The degrees of deficiency for vitamin A, vitamin B sub(12), Fe and Zn were more substantial in rural areas compared with urban areas. The prevalence of micronutrient deficiency rates varied. Socio-economic status, environmental factors and the Chinese diet may influence micronutrient deficiency. Public health policies should consider implementing programmes of supplementation, food fortification and nutrition education to address these deficiencies among Chinese children.
The present study aimed to review the literature on micronutrient deficiency and other factors influencing a deficiency status among children living in China. A systematic review was performed to analyse the literature. Studies were identified through a search of PubMed and secondary references. Children living in China aged less than 18 years. Sixty-one articles were included. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency decreased to approximately 10 % in 1995–2009. It increased with age but no significant difference was found between genders. The prevalence of thiamin and vitamin B₁₂ deficiency was 10·5 % in Yunnan and 4·5 % in Chongqing provinces, respectively. Higher vitamin D deficiency rates were seen in spring and winter. The incidence of bleeding due to vitamin K deficiency was 3·3 % in 1998–2001 and more prevalent in rural areas. Both iodine deficiency and excess iodine intake were observed. Goitre rates were reported in Tibet, Jiangxi, Gansu and Hong Kong (3·5–46 %). Anaemia rates ranged from 20 % to 40 % in 2007–2011. High Se deficiency rates were found in Tibet, Shaanxi and Jiangsu. High Zn deficiency rates were also found (50–70 %) in 1995–2006. Few studies reported Ca deficiency rates (19·6–34·3 %). The degrees of deficiency for vitamin A, vitamin B₁₂, Fe and Zn were more substantial in rural areas compared with urban areas. The prevalence of micronutrient deficiency rates varied. Socio-economic status, environmental factors and the Chinese diet may influence micronutrient deficiency. Public health policies should consider implementing programmes of supplementation, food fortification and nutrition education to address these deficiencies among Chinese children.
Author Wong, Ian CK
Chui, Celine SL
Wong, Angel YS
Chan, Esther W
Sutcliffe, Alastair G
AuthorAffiliation 3 UCL School of Pharmacy , University College London , London , UK
1 Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research , Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy , Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , 2/F Laboratory Block , 21 Sassoon Road , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region , People's Republic of China
2 General and Adolescent Paediatric Unit , UCL Institute of Child Health , University College London , London , UK
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research , Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy , Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , 2/F Laboratory Block , 21 Sassoon Road , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region , People's Republic of China
– name: 3 UCL School of Pharmacy , University College London , London , UK
– name: 2 General and Adolescent Paediatric Unit , UCL Institute of Child Health , University College London , London , UK
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  givenname: Angel YS
  surname: Wong
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  organization: 1Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Esther W
  surname: Chan
  fullname: Chan, Esther W
  organization: 1Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
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  givenname: Celine SL
  surname: Chui
  fullname: Chui, Celine SL
  organization: 1Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
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  givenname: Alastair G
  surname: Sutcliffe
  fullname: Sutcliffe, Alastair G
  organization: 2General and Adolescent Paediatric Unit, UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Ian CK
  surname: Wong
  fullname: Wong, Ian CK
  email: wongick@hku.hk
  organization: 1Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25248458$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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DocumentTitleAlternate Systematic review on micronutrient deficiency
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Issue 11
Keywords Hong Kong
Micronutrients
China
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SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet The present study aimed to review the literature on micronutrient deficiency and other factors influencing a deficiency status among children living in China....
Abstract Objective The present study aimed to review the literature on micronutrient deficiency and other factors influencing a deficiency status among...
The present study aimed to review the literature on micronutrient deficiency and other factors influencing a deficiency status among children living in...
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SubjectTerms Adolescent
anemia
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency - blood
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency - epidemiology
calcium
Child
Child, Preschool
children
China
China - epidemiology
Chinese people
Diet
Environmental factors
food fortification
goiter
Health policy
hemorrhage
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Iodine
Iodine - blood
Iodine - deficiency
iron
Literature reviews
Malnutrition - blood
Malnutrition - epidemiology
Micronutrients - blood
Micronutrients - deficiency
Nutrient deficiency
nutrition education
Nutritional Status
Prevalence
Public Health
Rural areas
Rural Population
Seasons
Socioeconomic Factors
socioeconomic status
Socioeconomics
Special Groups
spring
systematic review
thiamin
Urban areas
vitamin A
Vitamin A Deficiency - blood
Vitamin A Deficiency - epidemiology
Vitamin B 12 Deficiency - blood
Vitamin B 12 Deficiency - epidemiology
vitamin B12
Vitamin D
vitamin D deficiency
Vitamin D Deficiency - blood
Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology
vitamin K deficiency
winter
zinc
Zinc - blood
Zinc - deficiency
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Title The phenomenon of micronutrient deficiency among children in China: a systematic review of the literature
URI https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980013002978/type/journal_article
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Volume 17
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