Membranous nephropathy in an HIV-positive patient complicated with hepatitis B virus infection

In ordinary settings, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy should be considered when HIV infection is associated with heavy proteinuria. On the other hand, hepatitis B virus (HBV) may also play a role in the development of glomerular injury among patients with HIV infection, sin...

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Published inClinical and experimental nephrology Vol. 15; no. 5; pp. 769 - 773
Main Authors Numata, Akihiko, Akimoto, Tetsu, Toshima, Masaki, Iwazu, Yoshitaka, Otani, Naoko, Miki, Takuya, Sugase, Taro, Saito, Osamu, Hamano, Yoshitomo, Takemoto, Fumi, Ueda, Yoshihiko, Muto, Shigeaki, Kusano, Eiji
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Tokyo Springer Japan 01.10.2011
Springer Nature B.V
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Abstract In ordinary settings, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy should be considered when HIV infection is associated with heavy proteinuria. On the other hand, hepatitis B virus (HBV) may also play a role in the development of glomerular injury among patients with HIV infection, since HIV and HBV infections commonly occur together due to shared modes of transmission. We present here a case of nephrotic syndrome in an HIV-positive patient complicated with HBV infection. A renal biopsy revealed sparse granular deposits of immunoglobulin G in the subepithelial region, consistent with membranous nephropathy (MN) stage I. Moreover, immunostaining exhibited weak anti-hepatitis B core activity within glomeruli. These results led us to consider that HBV-associated MN might play a role in the development of nephrotic syndrome. Although anti-viral treatment for patients with HBV-associated MN has been suggested to be clinically effective, the use of two anti-HIV agents (tenofovir and emtricitabine), both of which have anti-HBV activities, was not effective for the patient’s nephrotic syndrome, despite obtaining a decrease in the serum HBV-DNA levels. A lack of prospective data suggests that many decisions on the treatment of glomerulopathies with HIV infections are potentially empirical. Obviously, further studies and accumulated clinical experience are required to better determine the pathogenesis and management of HBV-associated MN among patients with HIV infections.
AbstractList In ordinary settings, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy should be considered when HIV infection is associated with heavy proteinuria. On the other hand, hepatitis B virus (HBV) may also play a role in the development of glomerular injury among patients with HIV infection, since HIV and HBV infections commonly occur together due to shared modes of transmission. We present here a case of nephrotic syndrome in an HIV-positive patient complicated with HBV infection. A renal biopsy revealed sparse granular deposits of immunoglobulin G in the subepithelial region, consistent with membranous nephropathy (MN) stage I. Moreover, immunostaining exhibited weak anti-hepatitis B core activity within glomeruli. These results led us to consider that HBV-associated MN might play a role in the development of nephrotic syndrome. Although anti-viral treatment for patients with HBV-associated MN has been suggested to be clinically effective, the use of two anti-HIV agents (tenofovir and emtricitabine), both of which have anti-HBV activities, was not effective for the patient's nephrotic syndrome, despite obtaining a decrease in the serum HBV-DNA levels. A lack of prospective data suggests that many decisions on the treatment of glomerulopathies with HIV infections are potentially empirical. Obviously, further studies and accumulated clinical experience are required to better determine the pathogenesis and management of HBV-associated MN among patients with HIV infections.
Author Ueda, Yoshihiko
Otani, Naoko
Takemoto, Fumi
Iwazu, Yoshitaka
Miki, Takuya
Hamano, Yoshitomo
Sugase, Taro
Numata, Akihiko
Muto, Shigeaki
Saito, Osamu
Kusano, Eiji
Toshima, Masaki
Akimoto, Tetsu
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  givenname: Eiji
  surname: Kusano
  fullname: Kusano, Eiji
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21713374$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords HIV
Membranous nephropathy
HBV
HBV reactivation
HAART
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PublicationTitle Clinical and experimental nephrology
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Springer Nature B.V
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Snippet In ordinary settings, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy should be considered when HIV infection is associated with heavy proteinuria....
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SubjectTerms Adenine - analogs & derivatives
Adenine - therapeutic use
Adult
Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
Antiviral agents
Biopsy
Case Report
Deoxycytidine - analogs & derivatives
Deoxycytidine - therapeutic use
Emtricitabine
Glomerulonephritis, Membranous - complications
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B - complications
Hepatitis B virus
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - drug therapy
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Immunoglobulin G
Infections
Kidney diseases
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Membranous nephropathy
Nephrology
Nephropathy
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephrotic Syndrome - complications
Nephrotic Syndrome - drug therapy
Organophosphonates - therapeutic use
Patients
Prednisolone - therapeutic use
Proteinuria
Tenofovir
Urology
Viruses
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Title Membranous nephropathy in an HIV-positive patient complicated with hepatitis B virus infection
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