Effects of Alkaline Solutions on the Structure and Function of Influenza A Virus
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection contributes to high annual morbidity and mortality, thus necessitating measures aimed at protecting against the disease. Alcohol-based disinfectants are commonly used to inactivate IAV, but they have several undesirable properties. In search of other means which wou...
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| Published in | Viruses Vol. 16; no. 10; p. 1636 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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01.10.2024
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| Abstract | Influenza A virus (IAV) infection contributes to high annual morbidity and mortality, thus necessitating measures aimed at protecting against the disease. Alcohol-based disinfectants are commonly used to inactivate IAV, but they have several undesirable properties. In search of other means which would inactivate IAV, we focused on the effect of alkaline solutions on IAV. We found the viral infectivity remarkably decreased with treatment of an alkaline solution at pH 12.0 for 1 min, where destruction of the viral spikes was observed using an electron microscope. A more detailed examination revealed that the infectivity of IAV was remarkedly reduced by brief treatment with the alkaline solution at pH 11.75 or above, most likely due to the degradation of viral hemagglutinin protein. These results show that at a high pH, the haemagglutinin protein is degraded, resulting in very rapid inactivation of IAV. |
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| AbstractList | Influenza A virus (IAV) infection contributes to high annual morbidity and mortality, thus necessitating measures aimed at protecting against the disease. Alcohol-based disinfectants are commonly used to inactivate IAV, but they have several undesirable properties. In search of other means which would inactivate IAV, we focused on the effect of alkaline solutions on IAV. We found the viral infectivity remarkably decreased with treatment of an alkaline solution at pH 12.0 for 1 min, where destruction of the viral spikes was observed using an electron microscope. A more detailed examination revealed that the infectivity of IAV was remarkedly reduced by brief treatment with the alkaline solution at pH 11.75 or above, most likely due to the degradation of viral hemagglutinin protein. These results show that at a high pH, the haemagglutinin protein is degraded, resulting in very rapid inactivation of IAV.Influenza A virus (IAV) infection contributes to high annual morbidity and mortality, thus necessitating measures aimed at protecting against the disease. Alcohol-based disinfectants are commonly used to inactivate IAV, but they have several undesirable properties. In search of other means which would inactivate IAV, we focused on the effect of alkaline solutions on IAV. We found the viral infectivity remarkably decreased with treatment of an alkaline solution at pH 12.0 for 1 min, where destruction of the viral spikes was observed using an electron microscope. A more detailed examination revealed that the infectivity of IAV was remarkedly reduced by brief treatment with the alkaline solution at pH 11.75 or above, most likely due to the degradation of viral hemagglutinin protein. These results show that at a high pH, the haemagglutinin protein is degraded, resulting in very rapid inactivation of IAV. Influenza A virus (IAV) infection contributes to high annual morbidity and mortality, thus necessitating measures aimed at protecting against the disease. Alcohol-based disinfectants are commonly used to inactivate IAV, but they have several undesirable properties. In search of other means which would inactivate IAV, we focused on the effect of alkaline solutions on IAV. We found the viral infectivity remarkably decreased with treatment of an alkaline solution at pH 12.0 for 1 min, where destruction of the viral spikes was observed using an electron microscope. A more detailed examination revealed that the infectivity of IAV was remarkedly reduced by brief treatment with the alkaline solution at pH 11.75 or above, most likely due to the degradation of viral hemagglutinin protein. These results show that at a high pH, the haemagglutinin protein is degraded, resulting in very rapid inactivation of IAV. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Tanaka, Mamoru Mori, Yukihiro Yamaguchi, Seiji Seguchi, Manato Tsurudome, Masato Ito, Morihiro |
| AuthorAffiliation | 4 Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi 487-8501, Aichi, Japan; m-tanaka@isc.chubu.ac.jp 5 Department of Nursing, College of Life and Health Science, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi 487-8501, Aichi, Japan; moriyuki0821@isc.chubu.ac.jp 2 Support for Pioneering Research Initiated by the Next Generation (SPRING), Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi 487-8501, Japan 1 Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi 487-8501, Aichi, Japan; rb24801-4974@sti.chubu.ac.jp (M.S.); sy-esi@isc.chubu.ac.jp (S.Y.); tsuru@isc.chubu.ac.jp (M.T.) 6 Department of Lifelong Sports and Health Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi 487-8501, Aichi, Japan 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Science, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi 487-850 |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Science, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi 487-8501, Aichi, Japan – name: 1 Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi 487-8501, Aichi, Japan; rb24801-4974@sti.chubu.ac.jp (M.S.); sy-esi@isc.chubu.ac.jp (S.Y.); tsuru@isc.chubu.ac.jp (M.T.) – name: 4 Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi 487-8501, Aichi, Japan; m-tanaka@isc.chubu.ac.jp – name: 6 Department of Lifelong Sports and Health Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi 487-8501, Aichi, Japan – name: 5 Department of Nursing, College of Life and Health Science, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi 487-8501, Aichi, Japan; moriyuki0821@isc.chubu.ac.jp – name: 2 Support for Pioneering Research Initiated by the Next Generation (SPRING), Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi 487-8501, Japan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Manato surname: Seguchi fullname: Seguchi, Manato – sequence: 2 givenname: Seiji surname: Yamaguchi fullname: Yamaguchi, Seiji – sequence: 3 givenname: Mamoru orcidid: 0000-0002-8470-6806 surname: Tanaka fullname: Tanaka, Mamoru – sequence: 4 givenname: Yukihiro surname: Mori fullname: Mori, Yukihiro – sequence: 5 givenname: Masato surname: Tsurudome fullname: Tsurudome, Masato – sequence: 6 givenname: Morihiro orcidid: 0000-0002-8706-0705 surname: Ito fullname: Ito, Morihiro |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1146/annurev.biochem.69.1.531 10.1128/JVI.01635-13 10.1128/JVI.01441-18 10.1084/jem.75.1.49 10.1016/j.ajic.2010.03.003 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.045002095.x 10.1038/ncomms5816 10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30496-X 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.052 10.3389/fgeed.2023.1320180 10.1292/jvms.16-0124 10.1292/jvms.16-0603 10.1186/s12985-023-02092-1 10.1038/nchem.2632 10.1016/j.jviromet.2004.06.006 10.1016/j.coviro.2023.101335 10.1007/s12560-019-09408-x 10.1080/10408398309527375 10.1002/jmv.26990 10.1007/s11356-021-13846-1 10.1016/j.cofs.2019.02.017 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.09.048 10.1073/pnas.0607614103 10.1371/journal.pone.0244885 10.1016/j.virol.2018.10.019 10.1046/j.1365-2591.1999.00275.x 10.1101/cshperspect.a038778 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2009.00392.x 10.1186/1743-422X-6-38 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33293-2 10.1038/nature05264 |
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| Keywords | alkaline condition hemagglutinin hydrolysis influenza A virus |
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| SubjectTerms | Acids Alkalies - pharmacology alkaline condition Animals Care and treatment Diagnosis Disinfectants Disinfectants - pharmacology Disinfection & disinfectants Dogs Epidemics Health aspects hemagglutinin Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus - chemistry Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus - metabolism Hemagglutinins Humans Hydrogen-Ion Concentration hydrolysis Infections Infectivity Influenza Influenza A influenza A virus Influenza A virus - drug effects Influenza A virus - physiology Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells Microorganisms Monoclonal antibodies Morbidity pH effects Proteins Solutions Structure-function relationships Viral infections Virus Inactivation - drug effects Viruses |
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| Title | Effects of Alkaline Solutions on the Structure and Function of Influenza A Virus |
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