Epigenetic regulation of brain region-specific microglia clearance activity

The rapid elimination of dying neurons and nonfunctional synapses in the brain is carried out by microglia, the resident myeloid cells of the brain. Here we show that microglia clearance activity in the adult brain is regionally regulated and depends on the rate of neuronal attrition. Cerebellar, bu...

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Published inNature neuroscience Vol. 21; no. 8; pp. 1049 - 1060
Main Authors Ayata, Pinar, Badimon, Ana, Strasburger, Hayley J., Duff, Mary Kaye, Montgomery, Sarah E., Loh, Yong-Hwee E., Ebert, Anja, Pimenova, Anna A., Ramirez, Brianna R., Chan, Andrew T., Sullivan, Josefa M., Purushothaman, Immanuel, Scarpa, Joseph R., Goate, Alison M., Busslinger, Meinrad, Shen, Li, Losic, Bojan, Schaefer, Anne
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Nature Publishing Group US 01.08.2018
Nature Publishing Group
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Abstract The rapid elimination of dying neurons and nonfunctional synapses in the brain is carried out by microglia, the resident myeloid cells of the brain. Here we show that microglia clearance activity in the adult brain is regionally regulated and depends on the rate of neuronal attrition. Cerebellar, but not striatal or cortical, microglia exhibited high levels of basal clearance activity, which correlated with an elevated degree of cerebellar neuronal attrition. Exposing forebrain microglia to apoptotic cells activated gene-expression programs supporting clearance activity. We provide evidence that the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) epigenetically restricts the expression of genes that support clearance activity in striatal and cortical microglia. Loss of PRC2 leads to aberrant activation of a microglia clearance phenotype, which triggers changes in neuronal morphology and behavior. Our data highlight a key role of epigenetic mechanisms in preventing microglia-induced neuronal alterations that are frequently associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Microglia clearance activity in adult brain is regulated epigenetically and region-specifically to match neuronal attrition rates. Uncoupling this activity from neural apoptosis leads to aberrant microglia activation & neurodegenerative-like changes.
AbstractList The rapid elimination of dying neurons and nonfunctional synapses in the brain is carried out by microglia, the resident myeloid cells of the brain. Here we show that microglia clearance activity in the adult brain is regionally regulated and depends on the rate of neuronal attrition. Cerebellar, but not striatal or cortical, microglia exhibited high levels of basal clearance activity, which correlated with an elevated degree of cerebellar neuronal attrition. Exposing forebrain microglia to apoptotic cells activated gene-expression programs supporting clearance activity. We provide evidence that the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) epigenetically restricts the expression of genes that support clearance activity in striatal and cortical microglia. Loss of PRC2 leads to aberrant activation of a microglia clearance phenotype, which triggers changes in neuronal morphology and behavior. Our data highlight a key role of epigenetic mechanisms in preventing microglia-induced neuronal alterations that are frequently associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases.The rapid elimination of dying neurons and nonfunctional synapses in the brain is carried out by microglia, the resident myeloid cells of the brain. Here we show that microglia clearance activity in the adult brain is regionally regulated and depends on the rate of neuronal attrition. Cerebellar, but not striatal or cortical, microglia exhibited high levels of basal clearance activity, which correlated with an elevated degree of cerebellar neuronal attrition. Exposing forebrain microglia to apoptotic cells activated gene-expression programs supporting clearance activity. We provide evidence that the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) epigenetically restricts the expression of genes that support clearance activity in striatal and cortical microglia. Loss of PRC2 leads to aberrant activation of a microglia clearance phenotype, which triggers changes in neuronal morphology and behavior. Our data highlight a key role of epigenetic mechanisms in preventing microglia-induced neuronal alterations that are frequently associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases.
The rapid elimination of dying neurons and nonfunctional synapses in the brain is carried out by microglia, the resident myeloid cells of the brain. Here we show that microglia clearance activity in the adult brain is regionally regulated and depends on the rate of neuronal attrition. Cerebellar, but not striatal or cortical, microglia exhibited high levels of basal clearance activity, which correlated with an elevated degree of cerebellar neuronal attrition. Exposing forebrain microglia to apoptotic cells activated gene-expression programs supporting clearance activity. We provide evidence that the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) epigenetically restricts the expression of genes that support clearance activity in striatal and cortical microglia. Loss of PRC2 leads to aberrant activation of a microglia clearance phenotype, which triggers changes in neuronal morphology and behavior. Our data highlight a key role of epigenetic mechanisms in preventing microglia-induced neuronal alterations that are frequently associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases.
The rapid elimination of dying neurons and nonfunctional synapses in the brain is carried out by microglia, the resident myeloid cells of the brain. Here we show that microglia clearance activity in the adult brain is regionally regulated and depends on the rate of neuronal attrition. Cerebellar, but not striatal or cortical, microglia exhibited high levels of basal clearance activity, which correlated with an elevated degree of cerebellar neuronal attrition. Exposing forebrain microglia to apoptotic cells activated gene-expression programs supporting clearance activity. We provide evidence that the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) epigenetically restricts the expression of genes that support clearance activity in striatal and cortical microglia. Loss of PRC2 leads to aberrant activation of a microglia clearance phenotype, which triggers changes in neuronal morphology and behavior. Our data highlight a key role of epigenetic mechanisms in preventing microglia-induced neuronal alterations that are frequently associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Microglia clearance activity in adult brain is regulated epigenetically and region-specifically to match neuronal attrition rates. Uncoupling this activity from neural apoptosis leads to aberrant microglia activation & neurodegenerative-like changes.
The rapid elimination of dying neurons and non-functional synapses in the brain is carried out by microglia, the resident myeloid cells of the brain. Here we show that microglia clearance activity in the adult brain is regionally regulated and depends on the rate of neuronal attrition. Cerebellar, but not striatal or cortical, microglia exhibited high levels of basal clearance activity, which correlated with an elevated degree of cerebellar neuronal attrition. Exposing forebrain microglia to apoptotic cells activated gene expression programs supporting clearance activity. We provide evidence that the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) epigenetically restricts the expression of genes that support clearance activity in striatal and cortical microglia. Loss of PRC2 led to the aberrant activation of a microglia clearance phenotype, which triggers changes in neuronal morphology and behavior. Our data highlight a key role of epigenetic mechanisms in preventing microglia-induced neuronal alterations that are frequently associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases.
Author Losic, Bojan
Badimon, Ana
Loh, Yong-Hwee E.
Goate, Alison M.
Ramirez, Brianna R.
Busslinger, Meinrad
Pimenova, Anna A.
Shen, Li
Scarpa, Joseph R.
Strasburger, Hayley J.
Duff, Mary Kaye
Ebert, Anja
Montgomery, Sarah E.
Schaefer, Anne
Sullivan, Josefa M.
Purushothaman, Immanuel
Chan, Andrew T.
Ayata, Pinar
AuthorAffiliation 4 Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
2 Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
1 Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
3 Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 3 Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria
– name: 2 Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
– name: 4 Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
– name: 1 Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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  organization: Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
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  organization: Research Institute of Molecular Pathology
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  orcidid: 0000-0003-3342-8778
  surname: Pimenova
  fullname: Pimenova, Anna A.
  organization: Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Brianna R.
  surname: Ramirez
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  fullname: Sullivan, Josefa M.
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  surname: Scarpa
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  givenname: Alison M.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-0576-2472
  surname: Goate
  fullname: Goate, Alison M.
  organization: Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
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  organization: Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30038282$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet The rapid elimination of dying neurons and nonfunctional synapses in the brain is carried out by microglia, the resident myeloid cells of the brain. Here we...
The rapid elimination of dying neurons and non-functional synapses in the brain is carried out by microglia, the resident myeloid cells of the brain. Here we...
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Animal Genetics and Genomics
Apoptosis
Behavioral Sciences
Biological Techniques
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain
Cerebellum
Cortex
Epigenetics
Forebrain
Gene expression
Mental disorders
Microglia
Morphology
Myeloid cells
Neostriatum
Neurobiology
Neurosciences
Phenotypes
Polycomb group proteins
Synapses
Title Epigenetic regulation of brain region-specific microglia clearance activity
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41593-018-0192-3
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30038282
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2076901642
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6090564
Volume 21
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