Diabetes Enhances Vulnerability to Particulate Air Pollution–Associated Impairment in Vascular Reactivity and Endothelial Function
Background— Epidemiological studies suggest that people with diabetes are vulnerable to cardiovascular health effects associated with exposure to particle air pollution. Endothelial and vascular function is impaired in diabetes and may be related to increased cardiovascular risk. We examined whether...
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| Published in | Circulation (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 111; no. 22; pp. 2913 - 2920 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Hagerstown, MD
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
07.06.2005
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Background—
Epidemiological studies suggest that people with diabetes are vulnerable to cardiovascular health effects associated with exposure to particle air pollution. Endothelial and vascular function is impaired in diabetes and may be related to increased cardiovascular risk. We examined whether endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular reactivity was associated with particle exposure in individuals with and without diabetes.
Methods and Results—
Study subjects were 270 greater-Boston residents. We measured 24-hour average ambient levels of air pollution (fine particles [PM
2.5
], particle number, black carbon, and sulfates [SO
4
2−
]) ≈500 m from the patient examination site. Pollutant concentrations were evaluated for associations with vascular reactivity. Linear regressions were fit to the percent change in brachial artery diameter (flow mediated and nitroglycerin mediated), with the particulate pollutant index, apparent temperature, season, age, race, sex, smoking history, and body mass index as predictors. Models were fit to all subjects and then stratified by diagnosed diabetes versus at risk for diabetes. Six-day moving averages of all 4 particle metrics were associated with decreased vascular reactivity among patients with diabetes but not those at risk. Interquartile range increases in SO
4
2−
were associated with decreased flow-mediated (−10.7%; 95% CI, −17.3 to −3.5) and nitroglycerin-mediated (−5.4%; 95% CI, −10.5 to −0.1) vascular reactivity among those with diabetes. Black carbon increases were associated with decreased flow-mediated vascular reactivity (−12.6%; 95% CI, −21.7 to −2.4), and PM
2.5
was associated with nitroglycerin-mediated reactivity (−7.6%; 95% CI, −12.8 to −2.1). Effects were stronger in type II than type I diabetes.
Conclusions—
Diabetes confers vulnerability to particles associated with coal-burning power plants and traffic. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Background—
Epidemiological studies suggest that people with diabetes are vulnerable to cardiovascular health effects associated with exposure to particle air pollution. Endothelial and vascular function is impaired in diabetes and may be related to increased cardiovascular risk. We examined whether endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular reactivity was associated with particle exposure in individuals with and without diabetes.
Methods and Results—
Study subjects were 270 greater-Boston residents. We measured 24-hour average ambient levels of air pollution (fine particles [PM
2.5
], particle number, black carbon, and sulfates [SO
4
2−
]) ≈500 m from the patient examination site. Pollutant concentrations were evaluated for associations with vascular reactivity. Linear regressions were fit to the percent change in brachial artery diameter (flow mediated and nitroglycerin mediated), with the particulate pollutant index, apparent temperature, season, age, race, sex, smoking history, and body mass index as predictors. Models were fit to all subjects and then stratified by diagnosed diabetes versus at risk for diabetes. Six-day moving averages of all 4 particle metrics were associated with decreased vascular reactivity among patients with diabetes but not those at risk. Interquartile range increases in SO
4
2−
were associated with decreased flow-mediated (−10.7%; 95% CI, −17.3 to −3.5) and nitroglycerin-mediated (−5.4%; 95% CI, −10.5 to −0.1) vascular reactivity among those with diabetes. Black carbon increases were associated with decreased flow-mediated vascular reactivity (−12.6%; 95% CI, −21.7 to −2.4), and PM
2.5
was associated with nitroglycerin-mediated reactivity (−7.6%; 95% CI, −12.8 to −2.1). Effects were stronger in type II than type I diabetes.
Conclusions—
Diabetes confers vulnerability to particles associated with coal-burning power plants and traffic. Epidemiological studies suggest that people with diabetes are vulnerable to cardiovascular health effects associated with exposure to particle air pollution. Endothelial and vascular function is impaired in diabetes and may be related to increased cardiovascular risk. We examined whether endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular reactivity was associated with particle exposure in individuals with and without diabetes. Study subjects were 270 greater-Boston residents. We measured 24-hour average ambient levels of air pollution (fine particles [PM2.5], particle number, black carbon, and sulfates [SO4(2-)]) approximately 500 m from the patient examination site. Pollutant concentrations were evaluated for associations with vascular reactivity. Linear regressions were fit to the percent change in brachial artery diameter (flow mediated and nitroglycerin mediated), with the particulate pollutant index, apparent temperature, season, age, race, sex, smoking history, and body mass index as predictors. Models were fit to all subjects and then stratified by diagnosed diabetes versus at risk for diabetes. Six-day moving averages of all 4 particle metrics were associated with decreased vascular reactivity among patients with diabetes but not those at risk. Interquartile range increases in SO4(2-) were associated with decreased flow-mediated (-10.7%; 95% CI, -17.3 to -3.5) and nitroglycerin-mediated (-5.4%; 95% CI, -10.5 to -0.1) vascular reactivity among those with diabetes. Black carbon increases were associated with decreased flow-mediated vascular reactivity (-12.6%; 95% CI, -21.7 to -2.4), and PM2.5 was associated with nitroglycerin-mediated reactivity (-7.6%; 95% CI, -12.8 to -2.1). Effects were stronger in type II than type I diabetes. Diabetes confers vulnerability to particles associated with coal-burning power plants and traffic. BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies suggest that people with diabetes are vulnerable to cardiovascular health effects associated with exposure to particle air pollution. Endothelial and vascular function is impaired in diabetes and may be related to increased cardiovascular risk. We examined whether endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular reactivity was associated with particle exposure in individuals with and without diabetes. METHOD:S: and Results- Study subjects were 270 greater-Boston residents. We measured 24-hour average ambient levels of air pollution (fine particles [PM sub(2.5)], particle number, black carbon, and sulfates [SO sub(4) super(2-)]) approximately 500 m from the patient examination site. Pollutant concentrations were evaluated for associations with vascular reactivity. Linear regressions were fit to the percent change in brachial artery diameter (flow mediated and nitroglycerin mediated), with the particulate pollutant index, apparent temperature, season, age, race, sex, smoking history, and body mass index as predictors. Models were fit to all subjects and then stratified by diagnosed diabetes versus at risk for diabetes. Six-day moving averages of all 4 particle metrics were associated with decreased vascular reactivity among patients with diabetes but not those at risk. Interquartile range increases in SO sub(4) super(2-) were associated with decreased flow-mediated (-10.7%; 95% CI, -17.3 to -3.5) and nitroglycerin-mediated (-5.4%; 95% CI, -10.5 to -0.1) vascular reactivity among those with diabetes. Black carbon increases were associated with decreased flow-mediated vascular reactivity (-12.6%; 95% CI, -21.7 to -2.4), and PM sub(2.5) was associated with nitroglycerin-mediated reactivity (-7.6%; 95% CI, -12.8 to -2.1). Effects were stronger in type II than type I diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes confers vulnerability to particles associated with coal-burning power plants and traffic. Epidemiological studies suggest that people with diabetes are vulnerable to cardiovascular health effects associated with exposure to particle air pollution. Endothelial and vascular function is impaired in diabetes and may be related to increased cardiovascular risk. We examined whether endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular reactivity was associated with particle exposure in individuals with and without diabetes.BACKGROUNDEpidemiological studies suggest that people with diabetes are vulnerable to cardiovascular health effects associated with exposure to particle air pollution. Endothelial and vascular function is impaired in diabetes and may be related to increased cardiovascular risk. We examined whether endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular reactivity was associated with particle exposure in individuals with and without diabetes.Study subjects were 270 greater-Boston residents. We measured 24-hour average ambient levels of air pollution (fine particles [PM2.5], particle number, black carbon, and sulfates [SO4(2-)]) approximately 500 m from the patient examination site. Pollutant concentrations were evaluated for associations with vascular reactivity. Linear regressions were fit to the percent change in brachial artery diameter (flow mediated and nitroglycerin mediated), with the particulate pollutant index, apparent temperature, season, age, race, sex, smoking history, and body mass index as predictors. Models were fit to all subjects and then stratified by diagnosed diabetes versus at risk for diabetes. Six-day moving averages of all 4 particle metrics were associated with decreased vascular reactivity among patients with diabetes but not those at risk. Interquartile range increases in SO4(2-) were associated with decreased flow-mediated (-10.7%; 95% CI, -17.3 to -3.5) and nitroglycerin-mediated (-5.4%; 95% CI, -10.5 to -0.1) vascular reactivity among those with diabetes. Black carbon increases were associated with decreased flow-mediated vascular reactivity (-12.6%; 95% CI, -21.7 to -2.4), and PM2.5 was associated with nitroglycerin-mediated reactivity (-7.6%; 95% CI, -12.8 to -2.1). Effects were stronger in type II than type I diabetes.METHODS AND RESULTSStudy subjects were 270 greater-Boston residents. We measured 24-hour average ambient levels of air pollution (fine particles [PM2.5], particle number, black carbon, and sulfates [SO4(2-)]) approximately 500 m from the patient examination site. Pollutant concentrations were evaluated for associations with vascular reactivity. Linear regressions were fit to the percent change in brachial artery diameter (flow mediated and nitroglycerin mediated), with the particulate pollutant index, apparent temperature, season, age, race, sex, smoking history, and body mass index as predictors. Models were fit to all subjects and then stratified by diagnosed diabetes versus at risk for diabetes. Six-day moving averages of all 4 particle metrics were associated with decreased vascular reactivity among patients with diabetes but not those at risk. Interquartile range increases in SO4(2-) were associated with decreased flow-mediated (-10.7%; 95% CI, -17.3 to -3.5) and nitroglycerin-mediated (-5.4%; 95% CI, -10.5 to -0.1) vascular reactivity among those with diabetes. Black carbon increases were associated with decreased flow-mediated vascular reactivity (-12.6%; 95% CI, -21.7 to -2.4), and PM2.5 was associated with nitroglycerin-mediated reactivity (-7.6%; 95% CI, -12.8 to -2.1). Effects were stronger in type II than type I diabetes.Diabetes confers vulnerability to particles associated with coal-burning power plants and traffic.CONCLUSIONSDiabetes confers vulnerability to particles associated with coal-burning power plants and traffic. |
| Author | Schwartz, Joel O’Neill, Marie S. Sarnat, Jeremy A. Gold, Diane R. Zanobetti, Antonella Horton, Edward S. Veves, Aristidis Economides, Panayiotis A. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Marie S. surname: O’Neill fullname: O’Neill, Marie S. organization: From the Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health (M.S.O., A.Z., J.A.S., D.R.G., J.S.); Channing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School (D.R.G., J.S.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (A.V.); and Joslin Diabetes Center (P.A.E, E.S.H.), Boston, Mass – sequence: 2 givenname: Aristidis surname: Veves fullname: Veves, Aristidis organization: From the Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health (M.S.O., A.Z., J.A.S., D.R.G., J.S.); Channing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School (D.R.G., J.S.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (A.V.); and Joslin Diabetes Center (P.A.E, E.S.H.), Boston, Mass – sequence: 3 givenname: Antonella surname: Zanobetti fullname: Zanobetti, Antonella organization: From the Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health (M.S.O., A.Z., J.A.S., D.R.G., J.S.); Channing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School (D.R.G., J.S.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (A.V.); and Joslin Diabetes Center (P.A.E, E.S.H.), Boston, Mass – sequence: 4 givenname: Jeremy A. surname: Sarnat fullname: Sarnat, Jeremy A. organization: From the Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health (M.S.O., A.Z., J.A.S., D.R.G., J.S.); Channing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School (D.R.G., J.S.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (A.V.); and Joslin Diabetes Center (P.A.E, E.S.H.), Boston, Mass – sequence: 5 givenname: Diane R. surname: Gold fullname: Gold, Diane R. organization: From the Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health (M.S.O., A.Z., J.A.S., D.R.G., J.S.); Channing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School (D.R.G., J.S.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (A.V.); and Joslin Diabetes Center (P.A.E, E.S.H.), Boston, Mass – sequence: 6 givenname: Panayiotis A. surname: Economides fullname: Economides, Panayiotis A. organization: From the Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health (M.S.O., A.Z., J.A.S., D.R.G., J.S.); Channing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School (D.R.G., J.S.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (A.V.); and Joslin Diabetes Center (P.A.E, E.S.H.), Boston, Mass – sequence: 7 givenname: Edward S. surname: Horton fullname: Horton, Edward S. organization: From the Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health (M.S.O., A.Z., J.A.S., D.R.G., J.S.); Channing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School (D.R.G., J.S.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (A.V.); and Joslin Diabetes Center (P.A.E, E.S.H.), Boston, Mass – sequence: 8 givenname: Joel surname: Schwartz fullname: Schwartz, Joel organization: From the Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health (M.S.O., A.Z., J.A.S., D.R.G., J.S.); Channing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School (D.R.G., J.S.); Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (A.V.); and Joslin Diabetes Center (P.A.E, E.S.H.), Boston, Mass |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16885587$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15927967$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Epidemiological studies suggest that people with diabetes are vulnerable to cardiovascular health effects associated with exposure to particle air... Epidemiological studies suggest that people with diabetes are vulnerable to cardiovascular health effects associated with exposure to particle air pollution.... BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies suggest that people with diabetes are vulnerable to cardiovascular health effects associated with exposure to particle air... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Air Pollution - adverse effects Air Pollution - analysis Associated diseases and complications Biological and medical sciences Blood and lymphatic vessels Blood Vessels - physiopathology Blood vessels and receptors Boston - epidemiology Carbon - analysis Cardiology. Vascular system Clinical Trials as Topic Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology Diabetes Mellitus - physiopathology Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance Diabetic Angiopathies - epidemiology Diabetic Angiopathies - etiology Disease Susceptibility Diseases of the peripheral vessels. Diseases of the vena cava. Miscellaneous Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases) Endocrinopathies Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Particle Size Risk Factors Sulfates - analysis Vasoconstriction Vasodilation Vertebrates: cardiovascular system |
| Title | Diabetes Enhances Vulnerability to Particulate Air Pollution–Associated Impairment in Vascular Reactivity and Endothelial Function |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15927967 https://www.proquest.com/docview/19642133 https://www.proquest.com/docview/67904463 |
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