Saliva: potential diagnostic value and transmission of 2019-nCoV

2019-nCoV epidemic was firstly reported at late December of 2019 and has caused a global outbreak of COVID-19 now. Saliva, a biofluid largely generated from salivary glands in oral cavity, has been reported 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive. Besides lungs, salivary glands and tongue are possibly anoth...

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Published in	International journal of oral science Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 11
Main Authors	Xu, Ruoshi, Cui, Bomiao, Duan, Xiaobo, Zhang, Ping, Zhou, Xuedong, Yuan, Quan
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	London Nature Publishing Group UK 17.04.2020 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects	692/700/139 692/700/478 Aerosols Air flow Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Betacoronavirus - isolation & purification Betacoronavirus - pathogenicity Clinical Laboratory Techniques Coronavirus Infections - diagnosis Coronavirus Infections - transmission Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 Testing Dentistry Disease transmission Epidemics Humans Medicine Mouth - virology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Oral cavity Orthopedics Pandemics Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - metabolism Pharynx - virology Pneumonia, Viral - diagnosis Pneumonia, Viral - transmission Review Review Article Saliva Saliva - virology Salivary gland SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus - isolation & purification Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus - pathogenicity Surgical Orthopedics
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Abstract	2019-nCoV epidemic was firstly reported at late December of 2019 and has caused a global outbreak of COVID-19 now. Saliva, a biofluid largely generated from salivary glands in oral cavity, has been reported 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive. Besides lungs, salivary glands and tongue are possibly another hosts of 2019-nCoV due to expression of ACE2. Close contact or short-range transmission of infectious saliva droplets is a primary mode for 2019-nCoV to disseminate as claimed by WHO, while long-distance saliva aerosol transmission is highly environment dependent within indoor space with aerosol-generating procedures such as dental practice. So far, no direct evidence has been found that 2019-nCoV is vital in air flow for long time. Therefore, to prevent formation of infectious saliva droplets, to thoroughly disinfect indoor air and to block acquisition of saliva droplets could slow down 2019-nCoV dissemination. This review summarizes diagnostic value of saliva for 2019-nCoV, possibly direct invasion into oral tissues, and close contact transmission of 2019-nCoV by saliva droplets, expecting to contribute to 2019-nCoV epidemic control.
AbstractList	2019-nCoV epidemic was firstly reported at late December of 2019 and has caused a global outbreak of COVID-19 now. Saliva, a biofluid largely generated from salivary glands in oral cavity, has been reported 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive. Besides lungs, salivary glands and tongue are possibly another hosts of 2019-nCoV due to expression of ACE2. Close contact or short-range transmission of infectious saliva droplets is a primary mode for 2019-nCoV to disseminate as claimed by WHO, while long-distance saliva aerosol transmission is highly environment dependent within indoor space with aerosol-generating procedures such as dental practice. So far, no direct evidence has been found that 2019-nCoV is vital in air flow for long time. Therefore, to prevent formation of infectious saliva droplets, to thoroughly disinfect indoor air and to block acquisition of saliva droplets could slow down 2019-nCoV dissemination. This review summarizes diagnostic value of saliva for 2019-nCoV, possibly direct invasion into oral tissues, and close contact transmission of 2019-nCoV by saliva droplets, expecting to contribute to 2019-nCoV epidemic control. 2019-nCoV epidemic was firstly reported at late December of 2019 and has caused a global outbreak of COVID-19 now. Saliva, a biofluid largely generated from salivary glands in oral cavity, has been reported 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive. Besides lungs, salivary glands and tongue are possibly another hosts of 2019-nCoV due to expression of ACE2. Close contact or short-range transmission of infectious saliva droplets is a primary mode for 2019-nCoV to disseminate as claimed by WHO, while long-distance saliva aerosol transmission is highly environment dependent within indoor space with aerosol-generating procedures such as dental practice. So far, no direct evidence has been found that 2019-nCoV is vital in air flow for long time. Therefore, to prevent formation of infectious saliva droplets, to thoroughly disinfect indoor air and to block acquisition of saliva droplets could slow down 2019-nCoV dissemination. This review summarizes diagnostic value of saliva for 2019-nCoV, possibly direct invasion into oral tissues, and close contact transmission of 2019-nCoV by saliva droplets, expecting to contribute to 2019-nCoV epidemic control.2019-nCoV epidemic was firstly reported at late December of 2019 and has caused a global outbreak of COVID-19 now. Saliva, a biofluid largely generated from salivary glands in oral cavity, has been reported 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive. Besides lungs, salivary glands and tongue are possibly another hosts of 2019-nCoV due to expression of ACE2. Close contact or short-range transmission of infectious saliva droplets is a primary mode for 2019-nCoV to disseminate as claimed by WHO, while long-distance saliva aerosol transmission is highly environment dependent within indoor space with aerosol-generating procedures such as dental practice. So far, no direct evidence has been found that 2019-nCoV is vital in air flow for long time. Therefore, to prevent formation of infectious saliva droplets, to thoroughly disinfect indoor air and to block acquisition of saliva droplets could slow down 2019-nCoV dissemination. This review summarizes diagnostic value of saliva for 2019-nCoV, possibly direct invasion into oral tissues, and close contact transmission of 2019-nCoV by saliva droplets, expecting to contribute to 2019-nCoV epidemic control.
ArticleNumber	11
Author	Duan, Xiaobo Xu, Ruoshi Yuan, Quan Zhou, Xuedong Cui, Bomiao Zhang, Ping
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Ruoshi surname: Xu fullname: Xu, Ruoshi organization: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University – sequence: 2 givenname: Bomiao surname: Cui fullname: Cui, Bomiao organization: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Human Saliva Laboratory & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University – sequence: 3 givenname: Xiaobo orcidid: 0000-0002-5387-9624 surname: Duan fullname: Duan, Xiaobo organization: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University – sequence: 4 givenname: Ping surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Ping organization: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Human Saliva Laboratory & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University – sequence: 5 givenname: Xuedong surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Xuedong email: Zhouxd@scu.edu.cn organization: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Human Saliva Laboratory & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University – sequence: 6 givenname: Quan orcidid: 0000-0002-2836-1081 surname: Yuan fullname: Yuan, Quan organization: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32300101$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	2019-nCoV epidemic was firstly reported at late December of 2019 and has caused a global outbreak of COVID-19 now. Saliva, a biofluid largely generated from...
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SubjectTerms	692/700/139 692/700/478 Aerosols Air flow Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Betacoronavirus - isolation & purification Betacoronavirus - pathogenicity Clinical Laboratory Techniques Coronavirus Infections - diagnosis Coronavirus Infections - transmission Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 Testing Dentistry Disease transmission Epidemics Humans Medicine Mouth - virology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Oral cavity Orthopedics Pandemics Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - metabolism Pharynx - virology Pneumonia, Viral - diagnosis Pneumonia, Viral - transmission Review Review Article Saliva Saliva - virology Salivary gland SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus - isolation & purification Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus - pathogenicity Surgical Orthopedics
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Title	Saliva: potential diagnostic value and transmission of 2019-nCoV
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