Beyond the Coral Triangle: high genetic diversity and near panmixia in Singapore's populations of the broadcast spawning sea star Protoreaster nodosus

The Coral Triangle is widely considered the most important centre of marine biodiversity in Asia while areas on its periphery such as the South China Sea, have received much less interest. Here, we demonstrate that a small population of the knobbly sea star Protoreaster nodosus in Singapore has simi...

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Published inRoyal Society open science Vol. 3; no. 8; p. 160253
Main Authors Tay, Y. C., Chng, M. W. P., Sew, W. W. G., Rheindt, F. E., Tun, K. P. P., Meier, R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England The Royal Society 01.08.2016
Subjects
Broadcast Spawner
Ddradseq
Genetic Diversity
Genetics
protoreaster nodosus
Species Resilience
broadcast spawner
genetic diversity
Protoreaster nodosus
ddRADseq
species resilience
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Abstract The Coral Triangle is widely considered the most important centre of marine biodiversity in Asia while areas on its periphery such as the South China Sea, have received much less interest. Here, we demonstrate that a small population of the knobbly sea star Protoreaster nodosus in Singapore has similarly high levels of genetic diversity as comparable Indonesian populations from the Coral Triangle. The high genetic diversity of this population is remarkable because it is maintained despite decades of continued anthropogenic disturbance. We postulate that it is probably due to broadcast spawning which is likely to maintain high levels of population connectivity. To test this, we analysed 6140 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci for Singapore's populations and demonstrate a pattern of near panmixia. We here document a second case of high genetic diversity and low genetic structure for a broadcast spawner in Singapore, which suggests that such species have high resilience against anthropogenic disturbances. The study demonstrates the feasibility and power of using genome-wide SNPs for connectivity studies of marine invertebrates without a sequenced genome.
AbstractList The Coral Triangle is widely considered the most important centre of marine biodiversity in Asia while areas on its periphery such as the South China Sea, have received much less interest. Here, we demonstrate that a small population of the knobbly sea star Protoreaster nodosus in Singapore has similarly high levels of genetic diversity as comparable Indonesian populations from the Coral Triangle. The high genetic diversity of this population is remarkable because it is maintained despite decades of continued anthropogenic disturbance. We postulate that it is probably due to broadcast spawning which is likely to maintain high levels of population connectivity. To test this, we analysed 6140 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci for Singapore's populations and demonstrate a pattern of near panmixia. We here document a second case of high genetic diversity and low genetic structure for a broadcast spawner in Singapore, which suggests that such species have high resilience against anthropogenic disturbances. The study demonstrates the feasibility and power of using genome-wide SNPs for connectivity studies of marine invertebrates without a sequenced genome.
The Coral Triangle is widely considered the most important centre of marine biodiversity in Asia while areas on its periphery such as the South China Sea, have received much less interest. Here, we demonstrate that a small population of the knobbly sea star Protoreaster nodosus in Singapore has similarly high levels of genetic diversity as comparable Indonesian populations from the Coral Triangle. The high genetic diversity of this population is remarkable because it is maintained despite decades of continued anthropogenic disturbance. We postulate that it is probably due to broadcast spawning which is likely to maintain high levels of population connectivity. To test this, we analysed 6140 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci for Singapore's populations and demonstrate a pattern of near panmixia. We here document a second case of high genetic diversity and low genetic structure for a broadcast spawner in Singapore, which suggests that such species have high resilience against anthropogenic disturbances. The study demonstrates the feasibility and power of using genome-wide SNPs for connectivity studies of marine invertebrates without a sequenced genome.
The Coral Triangle is widely considered the most important centre of marine biodiversity in Asia while areas on its periphery such as the South China Sea, have received much less interest. Here, we demonstrate that a small population of the knobbly sea star in Singapore has similarly high levels of genetic diversity as comparable Indonesian populations from the Coral Triangle. The high genetic diversity of this population is remarkable because it is maintained despite decades of continued anthropogenic disturbance. We postulate that it is probably due to broadcast spawning which is likely to maintain high levels of population connectivity. To test this, we analysed 6140 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci for Singapore's populations and demonstrate a pattern of near panmixia. We here document a second case of high genetic diversity and low genetic structure for a broadcast spawner in Singapore, which suggests that such species have high resilience against anthropogenic disturbances. The study demonstrates the feasibility and power of using genome-wide SNPs for connectivity studies of marine invertebrates without a sequenced genome.
Author Meier, R.
Tay, Y. C.
Rheindt, F. E.
Chng, M. W. P.
Tun, K. P. P.
Sew, W. W. G.
AuthorAffiliation 3 DHI Water and Environment (S) Pte Ltd , 1 Cleantech Loop, Cleantech One, no. 03-05, Singapore 637141 , Republic of Singapore
1 Department of Biological Sciences , National University of Singapore , 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543 , Republic of Singapore
4 National Parks Board , 1 Cluny Road, Singapore 259569 , Republic of Singapore
2 Centre for Liveable Cities, Ministry of National Development , The URA Centre , 45 Maxwell Road no. 07-01, Singapore 069118 , Republic of Singapore
5 Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, Department of Biological Sciences , National University of Singapore , Singapore , Republic of Singapore
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 3 DHI Water and Environment (S) Pte Ltd , 1 Cleantech Loop, Cleantech One, no. 03-05, Singapore 637141 , Republic of Singapore
– name: 2 Centre for Liveable Cities, Ministry of National Development , The URA Centre , 45 Maxwell Road no. 07-01, Singapore 069118 , Republic of Singapore
– name: 1 Department of Biological Sciences , National University of Singapore , 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543 , Republic of Singapore
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  organization: Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore; Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27853600$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 8
Keywords broadcast spawner
genetic diversity
Protoreaster nodosus
ddRADseq
species resilience
Language English
License open-access: Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
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Snippet The Coral Triangle is widely considered the most important centre of marine biodiversity in Asia while areas on its periphery such as the South China Sea, have...
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SubjectTerms Broadcast Spawner
Ddradseq
Genetic Diversity
Genetics
protoreaster nodosus
Species Resilience
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Title Beyond the Coral Triangle: high genetic diversity and near panmixia in Singapore's populations of the broadcast spawning sea star Protoreaster nodosus
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