Preliminary investigation of using volatile organic compounds from human expired air, blood and urine for locating entrapped people in earthquakes

A preliminary investigation on the possibility of using volatile organic compounds (VOCs) determination of expired air, blood and urine, for the early location of entrapped people in earthquakes, has been carried out. A group of 15 healthy subjects has been sampled. The identification of a common “c...

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Published in	Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences Vol. 822; no. 1; pp. 112 - 117
Main Authors	Statheropoulos, M., Sianos, E., Agapiou, A., Georgiadou, A., Pappa, A., Tzamtzis, N., Giotaki, H., Papageorgiou, C., Kolostoumbis, D.
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 05.08.2005 Elsevier Science
Subjects	Acetone - analysis Adult Analysis Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry Biological and medical sciences Blood Breath Tests - methods Butadienes - analysis Disasters Earthquakes Entrapped people Expired air Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry General pharmacology Hemiterpenes - analysis Humans Ketones - analysis Male Medical sciences Organic Chemicals - analysis Organic Chemicals - blood Organic Chemicals - urine Pentanes - analysis Pharmacology. Drug treatments Rescue Work - methods Respiration SPME Thermal desorption Urine VOCs Volatilization Urine Expired air VOCs SPME Earthquakes Entrapped people Thermal desorption Blood Volatile compound Human Biological fluid Organic compounds
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Abstract	A preliminary investigation on the possibility of using volatile organic compounds (VOCs) determination of expired air, blood and urine, for the early location of entrapped people in earthquakes, has been carried out. A group of 15 healthy subjects has been sampled. The identification of a common “core” of substances might provide indications of human presence that can be used for the development of a real time field analytical method for the on site detection of entrapped people. Expired air samples have been analyzed by thermal desorption GC/MS and VOCs from blood and urine by headspace SPME–GC/MS. Acetone was the only compound found common in all three matrices. Isoprene was found in both expired air and blood samples. Acetone and isoprene along with a number of saturated hydrocarbons were among the major constituents identified in expired air analysis. Various ketones (2-pentanone, 4-heptanone, 2-butanone) were also determined over urine specimens. Using the techniques and methods of field analytical chemistry and technology appears to be the proper approach for applying the results of the present study in real situations.
AbstractList	A preliminary investigation on the possibility of using volatile organic compounds (VOCs) determination of expired air, blood and urine, for the early location of entrapped people in earthquakes, has been carried out. A group of 15 healthy subjects has been sampled. The identification of a common "core" of substances might provide indications of human presence that can be used for the development of a real time field analytical method for the on site detection of entrapped people. Expired air samples have been analyzed by thermal desorption GC/MS and VOCs from blood and urine by headspace SPME-GC/MS. Acetone was the only compound found common in all three matrices. Isoprene was found in both expired air and blood samples. Acetone and isoprene along with a number of saturated hydrocarbons were among the major constituents identified in expired air analysis. Various ketones (2-pentanone, 4-heptanone, 2-butanone) were also determined over urine specimens. Using the techniques and methods of field analytical chemistry and technology appears to be the proper approach for applying the results of the present study in real situations. A preliminary investigation on the possibility of using volatile organic compounds (VOCs) determination of expired air, blood and urine, for the early location of entrapped people in earthquakes, has been carried out. A group of 15 healthy subjects has been sampled. The identification of a common "core" of substances might provide indications of human presence that can be used for the development of a real time field analytical method for the on site detection of entrapped people. Expired air samples have been analyzed by thermal desorption GC/MS and VOCs from blood and urine by headspace SPME-GC/MS. Acetone was the only compound found common in all three matrices. Isoprene was found in both expired air and blood samples. Acetone and isoprene along with a number of saturated hydrocarbons were among the major constituents identified in expired air analysis. Various ketones (2-pentanone, 4-heptanone, 2-butanone) were also determined over urine specimens. Using the techniques and methods of field analytical chemistry and technology appears to be the proper approach for applying the results of the present study in real situations.A preliminary investigation on the possibility of using volatile organic compounds (VOCs) determination of expired air, blood and urine, for the early location of entrapped people in earthquakes, has been carried out. A group of 15 healthy subjects has been sampled. The identification of a common "core" of substances might provide indications of human presence that can be used for the development of a real time field analytical method for the on site detection of entrapped people. Expired air samples have been analyzed by thermal desorption GC/MS and VOCs from blood and urine by headspace SPME-GC/MS. Acetone was the only compound found common in all three matrices. Isoprene was found in both expired air and blood samples. Acetone and isoprene along with a number of saturated hydrocarbons were among the major constituents identified in expired air analysis. Various ketones (2-pentanone, 4-heptanone, 2-butanone) were also determined over urine specimens. Using the techniques and methods of field analytical chemistry and technology appears to be the proper approach for applying the results of the present study in real situations.
Author	Giotaki, H. Tzamtzis, N. Agapiou, A. Sianos, E. Papageorgiou, C. Pappa, A. Statheropoulos, M. Georgiadou, A. Kolostoumbis, D.
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SubjectTerms	Acetone - analysis Adult Analysis Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry Biological and medical sciences Blood Breath Tests - methods Butadienes - analysis Disasters Earthquakes Entrapped people Expired air Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry General pharmacology Hemiterpenes - analysis Humans Ketones - analysis Male Medical sciences Organic Chemicals - analysis Organic Chemicals - blood Organic Chemicals - urine Pentanes - analysis Pharmacology. Drug treatments Rescue Work - methods Respiration SPME Thermal desorption Urine VOCs Volatilization
Title	Preliminary investigation of using volatile organic compounds from human expired air, blood and urine for locating entrapped people in earthquakes
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