Ultraflexible, large-area, physiological temperature sensors for multipoint measurements
We report a fabrication method for flexible and printable thermal sensors based on composites of semicrystalline acrylate polymers and graphite with a high sensitivity of 20 mK and a high-speed response time of less than 100 ms. These devices exhibit large resistance changes near body temperature un...
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| Published in | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 112; no. 47; pp. 14533 - 14538 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
National Academy of Sciences
24.11.2015
National Acad Sciences |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | We report a fabrication method for flexible and printable thermal sensors based on composites of semicrystalline acrylate polymers and graphite with a high sensitivity of 20 mK and a high-speed response time of less than 100 ms. These devices exhibit large resistance changes near body temperature under physiological conditions with high repeatability (1,800 times). Device performance is largely unaffected by bending to radii below 700 μm, which allows for conformal application to the surface of living tissue. The sensing temperature can be tuned between 25 °C and 50 °C, which covers all relevant physiological temperatures. Furthermore, we demonstrate flexible active-matrix thermal sensors which can resolve spatial temperature gradients over a large area. With this flexible ultrasensitive temperature sensor we succeeded in the in vivo measurement of cyclic temperatures changes of 0.1 °C in a rat lung during breathing, without interference from constant tissue motion. This result conclusively shows that the lung of a warm-blooded animal maintains surprising temperature stability despite the large difference between core temperature and inhaled air temperature. |
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| AbstractList | We have successfully fabricated very unique ultraflexible temperature sensors that exhibit changes in resistivity by six orders of magnitude or more for a change in temperature of only 5 °C or less. Our approach offers an ideal solution to measure temperature over a large area with high spatial resolution, high sensitivity of 0.1 °C or less, and fast response time of 100 ms. Indeed, such a large change of resistivity for our sensors can significantly simplify the readout circuitry, which was the key to demonstrate, to our knowledge, the world’s first successful measurement of dynamic change of temperature in the lung during very fast artificial respiration. Furthermore, we have demonstrated real-time multipoint thermal sensing using organic transistor active-matrix circuits.
We report a fabrication method for flexible and printable thermal sensors based on composites of semicrystalline acrylate polymers and graphite with a high sensitivity of 20 mK and a high-speed response time of less than 100 ms. These devices exhibit large resistance changes near body temperature under physiological conditions with high repeatability (1,800 times). Device performance is largely unaffected by bending to radii below 700 µm, which allows for conformal application to the surface of living tissue. The sensing temperature can be tuned between 25 °C and 50 °C, which covers all relevant physiological temperatures. Furthermore, we demonstrate flexible active-matrix thermal sensors which can resolve spatial temperature gradients over a large area. With this flexible ultrasensitive temperature sensor we succeeded in the in vivo measurement of cyclic temperatures changes of 0.1 °C in a rat lung during breathing, without interference from constant tissue motion. This result conclusively shows that the lung of a warm-blooded animal maintains surprising temperature stability despite the large difference between core temperature and inhaled air temperature. We report a fabrication method for flexible and printable thermal sensors based on composites of semicrystalline acrylate polymers and graphite with a high sensitivity of 20 mK and a high-speed response time of less than 100 ms. These devices exhibit large resistance changes near body temperature under physiological conditions with high repeatability (1,800 times). Device performance is largely unaffected by bending to radii below 700 ...m, which allows for conformal application to the surface of living tissue. The sensing temperature can be tuned between 25 ...C and 50 ...C, which covers all relevant physiological temperatures. Furthermore, we demonstrate flexible active-matrix thermal sensors which can resolve spatial temperature gradients over a large area. With this flexible ultrasensitive temperature sensor we succeeded in the in vivo measurement of cyclic temperatures changes of 0.1 ...C in a rat lung during breathing, without interference from constant tissue motion. This result conclusively shows that the lung of a warm-blooded animal maintains surprising temperature stability despite the large difference between core temperature and inhaled air temperature. (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae/symbols omitted.) We report a fabrication method for flexible and printable thermal sensors based on composites of semicrystalline acrylate polymers and graphite with a high sensitivity of 20 mK and a high-speed response time of less than 100 ms. These devices exhibit large resistance changes near body temperature under physiological conditions with high repeatability (1,800 times). Device performance is largely unaffected by bending to radii below 700 µm, which allows for conformal application to the surface of living tissue. The sensing temperature can be tuned between 25 °C and 50 °C, which covers all relevant physiological temperatures. Furthermore, we demonstrate flexible active-matrix thermal sensors which can resolve spatial temperature gradients over a large area. With this flexible ultrasensitive temperature sensor we succeeded in the in vivo measurement of cyclic temperatures changes of 0.1 °C in a rat lung during breathing, without interference from constant tissue motion. This result conclusively shows that the lung of a warm-blooded animal maintains surprising temperature stability despite the large difference between core temperature and inhaled air temperature. We report a fabrication method for flexible and printable thermal sensors based on composites of semicrystalline acrylate polymers and graphite with a high sensitivity of 20 mK and a high-speed response time of less than 100 ms. These devices exhibit large resistance changes near body temperature under physiological conditions with high repeatability (1,800 times). Device performance is largely unaffected by bending to radii below 700 µm, which allows for conformal application to the surface of living tissue. The sensing temperature can be tuned between 25 °C and 50 °C, which covers all relevant physiological temperatures. Furthermore, we demonstrate flexible active-matrix thermal sensors which can resolve spatial temperature gradients over a large area. With this flexible ultrasensitive temperature sensor we succeeded in the in vivo measurement of cyclic temperatures changes of 0.1 °C in a rat lung during breathing, without interference from constant tissue motion. This result conclusively shows that the lung of a warm-blooded animal maintains surprising temperature stability despite the large difference between core temperature and inhaled air temperature.We report a fabrication method for flexible and printable thermal sensors based on composites of semicrystalline acrylate polymers and graphite with a high sensitivity of 20 mK and a high-speed response time of less than 100 ms. These devices exhibit large resistance changes near body temperature under physiological conditions with high repeatability (1,800 times). Device performance is largely unaffected by bending to radii below 700 µm, which allows for conformal application to the surface of living tissue. The sensing temperature can be tuned between 25 °C and 50 °C, which covers all relevant physiological temperatures. Furthermore, we demonstrate flexible active-matrix thermal sensors which can resolve spatial temperature gradients over a large area. With this flexible ultrasensitive temperature sensor we succeeded in the in vivo measurement of cyclic temperatures changes of 0.1 °C in a rat lung during breathing, without interference from constant tissue motion. This result conclusively shows that the lung of a warm-blooded animal maintains surprising temperature stability despite the large difference between core temperature and inhaled air temperature. We report a fabrication method for flexible and printable thermal sensors based on composites of semicrystalline acrylate polymers and graphite with a high sensitivity of 20 mK and a high-speed response time of less than 100 ms. These devices exhibit large resistance changes near body temperature under physiological conditions with high repeatability (1,800 times). Device performance is largely unaffected by bending to radii below 700 μm, which allows for conformal application to the surface of living tissue. The sensing temperature can be tuned between 25 °C and 50 °C, which covers all relevant physiological temperatures. Furthermore, we demonstrate flexible active-matrix thermal sensors which can resolve spatial temperature gradients over a large area. With this flexible ultrasensitive temperature sensor we succeeded in the in vivo measurement of cyclic temperatures changes of 0.1 °C in a rat lung during breathing, without interference from constant tissue motion. This result conclusively shows that the lung of a warm-blooded animal maintains surprising temperature stability despite the large difference between core temperature and inhaled air temperature. |
| Author | Voit, Walter Murakawa, Tomohiro Yang, Kejia Terakawa, Yuki Ware, Taylor Yokota, Tomoyuki Sekino, Masaki Inoue, Yusuke Reeder, Jonathan Mabuchi, Kunihiko Kaltenbrunner, Martin Sekitani, Tsuyoshi Someya, Takao |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Tomoyuki surname: Yokota fullname: Yokota, Tomoyuki organization: Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan – sequence: 2 givenname: Yusuke surname: Inoue fullname: Inoue, Yusuke organization: Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan – sequence: 3 givenname: Yuki surname: Terakawa fullname: Terakawa, Yuki organization: Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan – sequence: 4 givenname: Jonathan surname: Reeder fullname: Reeder, Jonathan organization: Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan – sequence: 5 givenname: Martin surname: Kaltenbrunner fullname: Kaltenbrunner, Martin organization: Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan – sequence: 6 givenname: Taylor surname: Ware fullname: Ware, Taylor organization: Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080-3021 – sequence: 7 givenname: Kejia surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Kejia organization: Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080-3021 – sequence: 8 givenname: Kunihiko surname: Mabuchi fullname: Mabuchi, Kunihiko organization: Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan – sequence: 9 givenname: Tomohiro surname: Murakawa fullname: Murakawa, Tomohiro organization: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan – sequence: 10 givenname: Masaki surname: Sekino fullname: Sekino, Masaki organization: Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan – sequence: 11 givenname: Walter surname: Voit fullname: Voit, Walter organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080-3021 – sequence: 12 givenname: Tsuyoshi surname: Sekitani fullname: Sekitani, Tsuyoshi organization: The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan – sequence: 13 givenname: Takao surname: Someya fullname: Someya, Takao organization: Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26554008$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Notes | SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Author contributions: T.Y., Y.I., Y.T., J.R., K.M., T.M., M.S., W.V., T. Sekitani, and T. Someya designed research; T.Y., Y.I., Y.T., J.R., M.K., T.W., and K.Y. performed research; T.Y. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; T.Y., Y.I., Y.T., J.R., T.W., and K.Y. analyzed data; and T.Y., Y.I., J.R., M.K., and T. Someya wrote the paper. 1T.Y. and Y.I. contributed equally to this work. Edited by John A. Rogers, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, and approved September 28, 2015 (received for review August 7, 2015) |
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| SubjectTerms | Air Air temperature Animals Body Temperature Fabrication Graphite - chemistry Measurement Physical Sciences Physiology Polymers Polymers - chemistry Rats Sensors Temperature Temperature gradients X-Ray Diffraction |
| Title | Ultraflexible, large-area, physiological temperature sensors for multipoint measurements |
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