Structure–Relaxivity Relationships of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been extensively explored as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. With the increasing complexity in the structure of modern MNPs, the classical Solomon–Bloembergen–Morgan and the outer‐sphere quantum mechanical theories established on simplistic models...
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| Published in | Advanced materials (Weinheim) Vol. 31; no. 8; pp. e1804567 - n/a |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Germany
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
01.02.2019
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been extensively explored as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. With the increasing complexity in the structure of modern MNPs, the classical Solomon–Bloembergen–Morgan and the outer‐sphere quantum mechanical theories established on simplistic models have encountered limitations for defining the emergent phenomena of relaxation enhancement in MRI. Recent progress in probing MRI relaxivity of MNPs based on structural features at the molecular and atomic scales is reviewed, namely, the structure–relaxivity relationships, including size, shape, crystal structure, surface modification, and assembled structure. A special emphasis is placed on bridging the gaps between classical simplistic models and modern MNPs with elegant structural complexity. In the pursuit of novel MRI contrast agents, it is hoped that this review will spur the critical thinking for design and engineering of novel MNPs for MRI applications across a broad spectrum of research fields.
Structure–relaxivity relationships between different structural features of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and the resulting T1 and T2 relaxivities in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are reviewed. The factors of size, shape, crystal structure, surface functionality, and assembly structure of magnetic nanoparticles are summarized to decipher how physical properties of MNPs influence proton relaxation in MRI. |
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| AbstractList | Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been extensively explored as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. With the increasing complexity in the structure of modern MNPs, the classical Solomon-Bloembergen-Morgan and the outer-sphere quantum mechanical theories established on simplistic models have encountered limitations for defining the emergent phenomena of relaxation enhancement in MRI. Recent progress in probing MRI relaxivity of MNPs based on structural features at the molecular and atomic scales is reviewed, namely, the structure-relaxivity relationships, including size, shape, crystal structure, surface modification, and assembled structure. A special emphasis is placed on bridging the gaps between classical simplistic models and modern MNPs with elegant structural complexity. In the pursuit of novel MRI contrast agents, it is hoped that this review will spur the critical thinking for design and engineering of novel MNPs for MRI applications across a broad spectrum of research fields. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been extensively explored as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. With the increasing complexity in the structure of modern MNPs, the classical Solomon-Bloembergen-Morgan and the outer-sphere quantum mechanical theories established on simplistic models have encountered limitations for defining the emergent phenomena of relaxation enhancement in MRI. We reviewed recent progress in probing MRI relaxivity of MNPs based on structural features at the molecular and atomic scales, namely the structure-relaxivity relationships, including size, shape, crystal structure, surface modification, and assembled structure. We placed a special emphasis on bridging the gaps between classical simplistic models and modern MNPs with elegant structural complexity. In the pursuit of novel MRI contrast agents, we hope this review will spur the critical thinking for design and engineering of novel MNPs for MRI applications across a broad spectrum of research fields. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been extensively explored as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. With the increasing complexity in the structure of modern MNPs, the classical Solomon-Bloembergen-Morgan and the outer-sphere quantum mechanical theories established on simplistic models have encountered limitations for defining the emergent phenomena of relaxation enhancement in MRI. Recent progress in probing MRI relaxivity of MNPs based on structural features at the molecular and atomic scales is reviewed, namely, the structure-relaxivity relationships, including size, shape, crystal structure, surface modification, and assembled structure. A special emphasis is placed on bridging the gaps between classical simplistic models and modern MNPs with elegant structural complexity. In the pursuit of novel MRI contrast agents, it is hoped that this review will spur the critical thinking for design and engineering of novel MNPs for MRI applications across a broad spectrum of research fields.Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been extensively explored as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. With the increasing complexity in the structure of modern MNPs, the classical Solomon-Bloembergen-Morgan and the outer-sphere quantum mechanical theories established on simplistic models have encountered limitations for defining the emergent phenomena of relaxation enhancement in MRI. Recent progress in probing MRI relaxivity of MNPs based on structural features at the molecular and atomic scales is reviewed, namely, the structure-relaxivity relationships, including size, shape, crystal structure, surface modification, and assembled structure. A special emphasis is placed on bridging the gaps between classical simplistic models and modern MNPs with elegant structural complexity. In the pursuit of novel MRI contrast agents, it is hoped that this review will spur the critical thinking for design and engineering of novel MNPs for MRI applications across a broad spectrum of research fields. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been extensively explored as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. With the increasing complexity in the structure of modern MNPs, the classical Solomon–Bloembergen–Morgan and the outer‐sphere quantum mechanical theories established on simplistic models have encountered limitations for defining the emergent phenomena of relaxation enhancement in MRI. Recent progress in probing MRI relaxivity of MNPs based on structural features at the molecular and atomic scales is reviewed, namely, the structure–relaxivity relationships, including size, shape, crystal structure, surface modification, and assembled structure. A special emphasis is placed on bridging the gaps between classical simplistic models and modern MNPs with elegant structural complexity. In the pursuit of novel MRI contrast agents, it is hoped that this review will spur the critical thinking for design and engineering of novel MNPs for MRI applications across a broad spectrum of research fields. Structure–relaxivity relationships between different structural features of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and the resulting T1 and T2 relaxivities in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are reviewed. The factors of size, shape, crystal structure, surface functionality, and assembly structure of magnetic nanoparticles are summarized to decipher how physical properties of MNPs influence proton relaxation in MRI. |
| Author | Yang, Lijiao Gao, Jinhao Chen, Xiaoyuan Zhou, Zijian |
| AuthorAffiliation | Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China – name: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Zijian surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Zijian organization: National Institutes of Health – sequence: 2 givenname: Lijiao surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Lijiao organization: Xiamen University – sequence: 3 givenname: Jinhao surname: Gao fullname: Gao, Jinhao email: jhgao@xmu.edu.cn organization: Xiamen University – sequence: 4 givenname: Xiaoyuan orcidid: 0000-0002-9622-0870 surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Xiaoyuan email: shawn.chen@nih.gov organization: National Institutes of Health |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30600553$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been extensively explored as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. With the increasing complexity in the... |
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| SubjectTerms | Complexity Contrast agents Contrast Media - chemistry Crystal structure crystallinity Design engineering magnetic nanoparticles Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods Magnetics - methods Magnetite Nanoparticles - chemistry Materials science Models, Molecular Nanoparticles NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Particle Size Quantum mechanics shape effect Structure-Activity Relationship surface modification Surface Properties |
| Title | Structure–Relaxivity Relationships of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
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