Association of Autism with Maternal Infections, Perinatal and Other Risk Factors: A Case-Control Study

This case-control study explores the association between pregnancy/birth complications and other factors with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Lebanese subjects aged 2–18 years. Researchers interviewed 136 ASD cases from the American University of Beirut Medical Center Special Kids Clinic, and 178...

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Published inJournal of autism and developmental disorders Vol. 48; no. 6; pp. 2010 - 2021
Main Authors Guisso, Dikran Richard, Saadeh, Fadi S., Saab, Dahlia, El Deek, Joud, Chamseddine, Sarah, El Hassan, Hadi Abou, Majari, Ghidaa, Boustany, Rose-Mary
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.06.2018
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0162-3257
1573-3432
1573-3432
DOI10.1007/s10803-017-3449-x

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Abstract This case-control study explores the association between pregnancy/birth complications and other factors with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Lebanese subjects aged 2–18 years. Researchers interviewed 136 ASD cases from the American University of Beirut Medical Center Special Kids Clinic, and 178 controls selected by systematic digit dialing in the Greater-Beirut area. Male gender (Adjusted Odds Ratio [95% CI]: 3.9 [2.2–7.0]); postpartum feeding difficulties (2.5 [1.2–5.4]); maternal infections/complications during pregnancy (2.9 [1.5–5.5], 2.1 [1.1–3.9]); consanguinity (2.5 [1.0–6.0]); family history of psychiatric disorders (2.2 [1.1–4.4]) were risk factors for ASD. Being born first/second (0.52 [0.28–0.95]) and maternal psychological support during pregnancy (0.49 [0.27–0.89]) were negatively associated with ASD. Identifying ASD correlates is crucial for instigating timely screening and subsequent early intervention.
AbstractList This case-control study explores the association between pregnancy/birth complications and other factors with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Lebanese subjects aged 2–18 years. Researchers interviewed 136 ASD cases from the American University of Beirut Medical Center Special Kids Clinic, and 178 controls selected by systematic digit dialing in the Greater-Beirut area. Male gender (Adjusted Odds Ratio [95% CI]: 3.9 [2.2–7.0]); postpartum feeding difficulties (2.5 [1.2–5.4]); maternal infections/complications during pregnancy (2.9 [1.5–5.5], 2.1 [1.1–3.9]); consanguinity (2.5 [1.0–6.0]); family history of psychiatric disorders (2.2 [1.1–4.4]) were risk factors for ASD. Being born first/second (0.52 [0.28–0.95]) and maternal psychological support during pregnancy (0.49 [0.27–0.89]) were negatively associated with ASD. Identifying ASD correlates is crucial for instigating timely screening and subsequent early intervention.
This case-control study explores the association between pregnancy/birth complications and other factors with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Lebanese subjects aged 2-18 years. Researchers interviewed 136 ASD cases from the American University of Beirut Medical Center Special Kids Clinic, and 178 controls selected by systematic digit dialing in the Greater-Beirut area. Male gender (Adjusted Odds Ratio [95% CI]: 3.9 [2.2-7.0]); postpartum feeding difficulties (2.5 [1.2-5.4]); maternal infections/complications during pregnancy (2.9 [1.5-5.5], 2.1 [1.1-3.9]); consanguinity (2.5 [1.0-6.0]); family history of psychiatric disorders (2.2 [1.1-4.4]) were risk factors for ASD. Being born first/second (0.52 [0.28-0.95]) and maternal psychological support during pregnancy (0.49 [0.27-0.89]) were negatively associated with ASD. Identifying ASD correlates is crucial for instigating timely screening and subsequent early intervention.This case-control study explores the association between pregnancy/birth complications and other factors with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Lebanese subjects aged 2-18 years. Researchers interviewed 136 ASD cases from the American University of Beirut Medical Center Special Kids Clinic, and 178 controls selected by systematic digit dialing in the Greater-Beirut area. Male gender (Adjusted Odds Ratio [95% CI]: 3.9 [2.2-7.0]); postpartum feeding difficulties (2.5 [1.2-5.4]); maternal infections/complications during pregnancy (2.9 [1.5-5.5], 2.1 [1.1-3.9]); consanguinity (2.5 [1.0-6.0]); family history of psychiatric disorders (2.2 [1.1-4.4]) were risk factors for ASD. Being born first/second (0.52 [0.28-0.95]) and maternal psychological support during pregnancy (0.49 [0.27-0.89]) were negatively associated with ASD. Identifying ASD correlates is crucial for instigating timely screening and subsequent early intervention.
This case-control study explores the association between pregnancy/birth complications and other factors with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Lebanese subjects aged 2-18 years. Researchers interviewed 136 ASD cases from the American University of Beirut Medical Center Special Kids Clinic, and 178 controls selected by systematic digit dialing in the Greater-Beirut area. Male gender (Adjusted Odds Ratio [95% CI]: 3.9 [2.2-7.0]); postpartum feeding difficulties (2.5 [1.2-5.4]); maternal infections/complications during pregnancy (2.9 [1.5-5.5], 2.1 [1.1-3.9]); consanguinity (2.5 [1.0-6.0]); family history of psychiatric disorders (2.2 [1.1-4.4]) were risk factors for ASD. Being born first/second (0.52 [0.28-0.95]) and maternal psychological support during pregnancy (0.49 [0.27-0.89]) were negatively associated with ASD. Identifying ASD correlates is crucial for instigating timely screening and subsequent early intervention.
Audience Academic
Author Guisso, Dikran Richard
Boustany, Rose-Mary
Chamseddine, Sarah
El Hassan, Hadi Abou
Majari, Ghidaa
Saadeh, Fadi S.
Saab, Dahlia
El Deek, Joud
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  givenname: Dikran Richard
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  fullname: Guisso, Dikran Richard
  organization: Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut
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  fullname: Saadeh, Fadi S.
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  email: rb50@aub.edu.lb
  organization: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut
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Issue 6
Keywords Autism
Consanguinity
Perinatal factors
Maternal infections
Risk factors
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PublicationTitle Journal of autism and developmental disorders
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References KimYSLeventhalBLGenetic epidemiology and insights into interactive genetic and environmental effects in autism spectrum disordersBiological Psychiatry2015771667410.1016/j.biopsych.2014.11.00125483344
HusseinHTahaGRAlmanasefACharacteristics of autism spectrum disorders in a sample of egyptian and saudi patients: Transcultural cross sectional studyChild and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health201153410.1186/1753-2000-5-34220511603248358
LarssonHJEatonWWMadsenKMVestergaardMOlesenAVAgerboERisk factors for autism: Perinatal factors, parental psychiatric history, and socioeconomic statusAmerican Journal of Epidemiology20051611091692510.1093/aje/kwi12315870155
ChristensenDLBaioJVan Naarden BraunKBilderDCharlesJConstantinoJNPrevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years–autism and developmental disabilities monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2012Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries201665312327031587
KolevzonAGrossRReichenbergAPrenatal and perinatal risk factors for autism: A review and integration of findingsArchives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine2007161432633310.1001/archpedi.161.4.326
BlakeNMKirkRLMcDermidEMCaseJBashirHThe distribution of blood, serum protein and enzyme groups in a series of Lebanese in AustraliaThe Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Medical Science197351220922010.1038/icb.1973.184197731
KoganMDBlumbergSJSchieveLABoyleCAPerrinJMGhandourRMPrevalence of parent-reported diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder among children in the US, 2007Pediatrics200912451395140310.1542/peds.2009-152219805460
SalhiaHOAl-NasserLATaherLSAl-KhathaamiAMEl-MetwallyAASystemic review of the epidemiology of autism in Arab Gulf countriesNeurosciences2014194291296252745884727667
BarbourBSalamehPConsanguinity in Lebanon: Prevalence, distribution and determinantsJournal of Biosocial Science200941450551710.1017/S002193200900329019175949
KuzniewiczMWWiSQianYWalshEMArmstrongMACroenLAPrevalence and neonatal factors associated with autism spectrum disorders in preterm infantsThe Journal of Pediatrics20141641202510.1016/j.jpeds.2013.09.02124161222
BurstynIWangXYasuiYSitholeFZwaigenbaumLAutism spectrum disorders and fetal hypoxia in a population-based cohort: Accounting for missing exposures via estimation-maximization algorithmBMC Medical Research Methodology2011111210.1186/1471-2288-11-2212084423024997
GuyASeatonSEBoyleEMDraperESFieldDJManktelowBNInfants born late/moderately preterm are at increased risk for a positive autism screen at 2 years of ageJournal of Pediatrics20151662269275 e26310.1016/j.jpeds.2014.10.05325477165
RizkFSalamehPHamadéACongenital anomalies: Prevalence and risk factorsUniversal Journal of Public Health2014225863
HillerRMYoungRLWeberNSex differences in autism spectrum disorder based on DSM-5 criteria: Evidence from clinician and teacher reportingJournal of Abnormal Child Psychology20144281381139310.1007/s10802-014-9881-x24882502
KimYSLeventhalBLKohY-JFombonneELaskaELimE-CPrevalence of autism spectrum disorders in a total population sampleAmerican Journal of Psychiatry2011168990491210.1176/appi.ajp.2011.1010153221558103
LampiKMLehtonenLTranPLSuominenALehtiVBanerjeePNRisk of autism spectrum disorders in low birth weight and small for gestational age infantsThe Journal of Pediatrics2012161583083610.1016/j.jpeds.2012.04.058226775653449022
SoueidJKourtianSMakhoulNJMakoukjiJHaddadSGhanemSSRYR2, PTDSS1 and AREG genes are implicated in a Lebanese population-based study of copy number variation in autismScientific Reports201661908810.1038/srep19088267424924705475
El-FishawyPStateMWThe genetics of autism: Key issues, recent findings, and clinical implicationsPsychiatric Clinics of North America20103318310510.1016/j.psc.2009.12.002201593412841771
HultmanCMSparénPCnattingiusSPerinatal risk factors for infantile autismEpidemiology200213441742310.1097/00001648-200207000-0000912094096
McGinnisWRAudhyaTEdelsonSMProposed toxic and hypoxic impairment of a brainstem locus in autismInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health201310126955700010.3390/ijerph10126955243360253881151
CollierSARasmussenSAFeldkampMLHoneinMANational Birth Defects Prevention, SPrevalence of self-reported infection during pregnancy among control mothers in the National Birth Defects Prevention StudyBirth Defects Research. Part A, Clinical and Molecular Teratology200985319320110.1002/bdra.2054019086018
MooreGSKneitelAWWalkerCKGilbertWMXingGAutism risk in small- and large-for-gestational-age infantsAmerican Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology20122064314
KerstjensJMde WinterAFBocca-TjeertesIFBosAFReijneveldSARisk of developmental delay increases exponentially as gestational age of preterm infants decreases: A cohort study at age 4 yearsDevelopmental Medicine and Child Neurology201254121096110110.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04423.x23020259
American Psychiatric Association. (1993). DSM-IV draft criteria: Amer Psychiatric Pub Incorporated.
AtladottirHOThorsenPOstergaardLSchendelDELemckeSAbdallahMMaternal infection requiring hospitalization during pregnancy and autism spectrum disordersJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders201040121423143010.1007/s10803-010-1006-y20414802
FrazierTWGeorgiadesSBishopSLHardanAYBehavioral and cognitive characteristics of females and males with autism in the Simons Simplex CollectionJournal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry201453332934010.1016/j.jaac.2013.12.004
LeeBKMagnussonCGardnerRMBlomstromANewschafferCJBurstynIMaternal hospitalization with infection during pregnancy and risk of autism spectrum disordersBrain, Behavior, and Immunity20154410010510.1016/j.bbi.2014.09.00125218900
ChastePLeboyerMAutism risk factors: Genes, environment, and gene-environment interactionsDialogues in Clinical Neuroscience2012143281232269533513682
GardenerHSpiegelmanDBukaSLPrenatal risk factors for autism: Comprehensive meta-analysisThe British Journal of Psychiatry2009195171410.1192/bjp.bp.108.051672195678883712619
NewschafferCJFallinDLeeNLHeritable and nonheritable risk factors for autism spectrum disordersEpidemiologic Reviews200224213715310.1093/epirev/mxf01012762089
MazinaVGerdtsJTrinhSAnkenmanKWardTDennisMYEpigenetics of autism-related impairment: Copy number variation and maternal infectionJournal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics2015362616710.1097/DBP.0000000000000126256299664318761
LimperopoulosCBassanHSullivanNRSoulJSRobertsonRLJr.MooreMPositive screening for autism in ex-preterm infants: Prevalence and risk factorsPediatrics2008121475876510.1542/peds.2007-2158183815412703587
ChaayaMSaabDMaaloufFTBoustanyRMPrevalence of autism spectrum disorder in nurseries in Lebanon: A Cross Sectional StudyJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders201646251452210.1007/s10803-015-2590-726362151
DeykinEYMacMahonBViral exposure and autismAmerican Journal of Epidemiology1979109662863810.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112726222139
VolpeJJBrain injury in premature infants: A complex amalgam of destructive and developmental disturbancesThe Lancet Neurology20098111012410.1016/S1474-4422(08)70294-1190815192707149
GoldinRLMatsonJLPremature birth as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorderDevelopmental Neurorehabilitation201619320320625992682
El RafeiRAbbasHACharafeddineLNakadPAl BizriAHamodDAssociation of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with preterm births and fetal size: An observational study from LebanonPaediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology2016301384510.1111/ppe.1224926469281
Furfaro, H. (2017). Doctors twice as likely to miss girls as boys on autism screen Spectrum. Retrieved from https://spectrumnews.org/news/doctors-twice-likely-miss-girls-boys-autism-screen/.
TordjmanSSomogyiECoulonNKermarrecSCohenDBronsardGGene × Environment interactions in autism spectrum disorders: Role of epigenetic mechanismsFrontiers in Psychiatry20145e5310.3389/fpsyt.2014.00053
HamadeASalamehPMedlej-HashimMHajj-MoussaESaadallah-ZeidanNRizkFAutism in children and correlates in Lebanon: A pilot case-control studyJournal of Research in Health Sciences201313211912424077467
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®): American Psychiatric Pub.
LavelleTAWeinsteinMCNewhouseJPMunirKKuhlthauKAProsserLAEconomic burden of childhood autism spectrum disordersPediatrics20141333e520e52910.1542/peds.2013-076324515505
MD Kogan (3449_CR26) 2009; 124
P El-Fishawy (3449_CR13) 2010; 33
H Gardener (3449_CR16) 2009; 195
SA Collier (3449_CR10) 2009; 85
J Soueid (3449_CR40) 2016; 6
M Chaaya (3449_CR7) 2016; 46
P Chaste (3449_CR8) 2012; 14
3449_CR15
GS Moore (3449_CR36) 2012; 206
H Hussein (3449_CR22) 2011; 5
CJ Newschaffer (3449_CR37) 2002; 24
NM Blake (3449_CR5) 1973; 51
YS Kim (3449_CR25) 2011; 168
HO Salhia (3449_CR39) 2014; 19
EY Deykin (3449_CR11) 1979; 109
F Rizk (3449_CR38) 2014; 2
DL Christensen (3449_CR9) 2016; 65
RL Goldin (3449_CR17) 2016; 19
JM Kerstjens (3449_CR23) 2012; 54
HO Atladottir (3449_CR3) 2010; 40
MW Kuzniewicz (3449_CR28) 2014; 164
3449_CR2
3449_CR1
R Rafei El (3449_CR12) 2016; 30
TA Lavelle (3449_CR31) 2014; 133
YS Kim (3449_CR24) 2015; 77
I Burstyn (3449_CR6) 2011; 11
CM Hultman (3449_CR21) 2002; 13
HJ Larsson (3449_CR30) 2005; 161
A Kolevzon (3449_CR27) 2007; 161
A Guy (3449_CR18) 2015; 166
RM Hiller (3449_CR20) 2014; 42
C Limperopoulos (3449_CR33) 2008; 121
A Hamade (3449_CR19) 2013; 13
V Mazina (3449_CR34) 2015; 36
WR McGinnis (3449_CR35) 2013; 10
S Tordjman (3449_CR41) 2014; 5
B Barbour (3449_CR4) 2009; 41
TW Frazier (3449_CR14) 2014; 53
KM Lampi (3449_CR29) 2012; 161
BK Lee (3449_CR32) 2015; 44
JJ Volpe (3449_CR42) 2009; 8
29450835 - J Autism Dev Disord. 2018 Feb 15
References_xml – reference: El-FishawyPStateMWThe genetics of autism: Key issues, recent findings, and clinical implicationsPsychiatric Clinics of North America20103318310510.1016/j.psc.2009.12.002201593412841771
– reference: El RafeiRAbbasHACharafeddineLNakadPAl BizriAHamodDAssociation of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with preterm births and fetal size: An observational study from LebanonPaediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology2016301384510.1111/ppe.1224926469281
– reference: KerstjensJMde WinterAFBocca-TjeertesIFBosAFReijneveldSARisk of developmental delay increases exponentially as gestational age of preterm infants decreases: A cohort study at age 4 yearsDevelopmental Medicine and Child Neurology201254121096110110.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04423.x23020259
– reference: BurstynIWangXYasuiYSitholeFZwaigenbaumLAutism spectrum disorders and fetal hypoxia in a population-based cohort: Accounting for missing exposures via estimation-maximization algorithmBMC Medical Research Methodology2011111210.1186/1471-2288-11-2212084423024997
– reference: FrazierTWGeorgiadesSBishopSLHardanAYBehavioral and cognitive characteristics of females and males with autism in the Simons Simplex CollectionJournal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry201453332934010.1016/j.jaac.2013.12.004
– reference: AtladottirHOThorsenPOstergaardLSchendelDELemckeSAbdallahMMaternal infection requiring hospitalization during pregnancy and autism spectrum disordersJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders201040121423143010.1007/s10803-010-1006-y20414802
– reference: CollierSARasmussenSAFeldkampMLHoneinMANational Birth Defects Prevention, SPrevalence of self-reported infection during pregnancy among control mothers in the National Birth Defects Prevention StudyBirth Defects Research. Part A, Clinical and Molecular Teratology200985319320110.1002/bdra.2054019086018
– reference: GuyASeatonSEBoyleEMDraperESFieldDJManktelowBNInfants born late/moderately preterm are at increased risk for a positive autism screen at 2 years of ageJournal of Pediatrics20151662269275 e26310.1016/j.jpeds.2014.10.05325477165
– reference: SoueidJKourtianSMakhoulNJMakoukjiJHaddadSGhanemSSRYR2, PTDSS1 and AREG genes are implicated in a Lebanese population-based study of copy number variation in autismScientific Reports201661908810.1038/srep19088267424924705475
– reference: NewschafferCJFallinDLeeNLHeritable and nonheritable risk factors for autism spectrum disordersEpidemiologic Reviews200224213715310.1093/epirev/mxf01012762089
– reference: LavelleTAWeinsteinMCNewhouseJPMunirKKuhlthauKAProsserLAEconomic burden of childhood autism spectrum disordersPediatrics20141333e520e52910.1542/peds.2013-076324515505
– reference: RizkFSalamehPHamadéACongenital anomalies: Prevalence and risk factorsUniversal Journal of Public Health2014225863
– reference: KolevzonAGrossRReichenbergAPrenatal and perinatal risk factors for autism: A review and integration of findingsArchives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine2007161432633310.1001/archpedi.161.4.326
– reference: GoldinRLMatsonJLPremature birth as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorderDevelopmental Neurorehabilitation201619320320625992682
– reference: DeykinEYMacMahonBViral exposure and autismAmerican Journal of Epidemiology1979109662863810.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112726222139
– reference: LarssonHJEatonWWMadsenKMVestergaardMOlesenAVAgerboERisk factors for autism: Perinatal factors, parental psychiatric history, and socioeconomic statusAmerican Journal of Epidemiology20051611091692510.1093/aje/kwi12315870155
– reference: ChastePLeboyerMAutism risk factors: Genes, environment, and gene-environment interactionsDialogues in Clinical Neuroscience2012143281232269533513682
– reference: Furfaro, H. (2017). Doctors twice as likely to miss girls as boys on autism screen Spectrum. Retrieved from https://spectrumnews.org/news/doctors-twice-likely-miss-girls-boys-autism-screen/.
– reference: HamadeASalamehPMedlej-HashimMHajj-MoussaESaadallah-ZeidanNRizkFAutism in children and correlates in Lebanon: A pilot case-control studyJournal of Research in Health Sciences201313211912424077467
– reference: TordjmanSSomogyiECoulonNKermarrecSCohenDBronsardGGene × Environment interactions in autism spectrum disorders: Role of epigenetic mechanismsFrontiers in Psychiatry20145e5310.3389/fpsyt.2014.00053
– reference: BlakeNMKirkRLMcDermidEMCaseJBashirHThe distribution of blood, serum protein and enzyme groups in a series of Lebanese in AustraliaThe Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Medical Science197351220922010.1038/icb.1973.184197731
– reference: McGinnisWRAudhyaTEdelsonSMProposed toxic and hypoxic impairment of a brainstem locus in autismInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health201310126955700010.3390/ijerph10126955243360253881151
– reference: ChaayaMSaabDMaaloufFTBoustanyRMPrevalence of autism spectrum disorder in nurseries in Lebanon: A Cross Sectional StudyJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders201646251452210.1007/s10803-015-2590-726362151
– reference: MazinaVGerdtsJTrinhSAnkenmanKWardTDennisMYEpigenetics of autism-related impairment: Copy number variation and maternal infectionJournal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics2015362616710.1097/DBP.0000000000000126256299664318761
– reference: HusseinHTahaGRAlmanasefACharacteristics of autism spectrum disorders in a sample of egyptian and saudi patients: Transcultural cross sectional studyChild and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health201153410.1186/1753-2000-5-34220511603248358
– reference: KimYSLeventhalBLGenetic epidemiology and insights into interactive genetic and environmental effects in autism spectrum disordersBiological Psychiatry2015771667410.1016/j.biopsych.2014.11.00125483344
– reference: HillerRMYoungRLWeberNSex differences in autism spectrum disorder based on DSM-5 criteria: Evidence from clinician and teacher reportingJournal of Abnormal Child Psychology20144281381139310.1007/s10802-014-9881-x24882502
– reference: HultmanCMSparénPCnattingiusSPerinatal risk factors for infantile autismEpidemiology200213441742310.1097/00001648-200207000-0000912094096
– reference: MooreGSKneitelAWWalkerCKGilbertWMXingGAutism risk in small- and large-for-gestational-age infantsAmerican Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology20122064314
– reference: SalhiaHOAl-NasserLATaherLSAl-KhathaamiAMEl-MetwallyAASystemic review of the epidemiology of autism in Arab Gulf countriesNeurosciences2014194291296252745884727667
– reference: KimYSLeventhalBLKohY-JFombonneELaskaELimE-CPrevalence of autism spectrum disorders in a total population sampleAmerican Journal of Psychiatry2011168990491210.1176/appi.ajp.2011.1010153221558103
– reference: BarbourBSalamehPConsanguinity in Lebanon: Prevalence, distribution and determinantsJournal of Biosocial Science200941450551710.1017/S002193200900329019175949
– reference: LeeBKMagnussonCGardnerRMBlomstromANewschafferCJBurstynIMaternal hospitalization with infection during pregnancy and risk of autism spectrum disordersBrain, Behavior, and Immunity20154410010510.1016/j.bbi.2014.09.00125218900
– reference: LampiKMLehtonenLTranPLSuominenALehtiVBanerjeePNRisk of autism spectrum disorders in low birth weight and small for gestational age infantsThe Journal of Pediatrics2012161583083610.1016/j.jpeds.2012.04.058226775653449022
– reference: VolpeJJBrain injury in premature infants: A complex amalgam of destructive and developmental disturbancesThe Lancet Neurology20098111012410.1016/S1474-4422(08)70294-1190815192707149
– reference: GardenerHSpiegelmanDBukaSLPrenatal risk factors for autism: Comprehensive meta-analysisThe British Journal of Psychiatry2009195171410.1192/bjp.bp.108.051672195678883712619
– reference: LimperopoulosCBassanHSullivanNRSoulJSRobertsonRLJr.MooreMPositive screening for autism in ex-preterm infants: Prevalence and risk factorsPediatrics2008121475876510.1542/peds.2007-2158183815412703587
– reference: ChristensenDLBaioJVan Naarden BraunKBilderDCharlesJConstantinoJNPrevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years–autism and developmental disabilities monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2012Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries201665312327031587
– reference: KuzniewiczMWWiSQianYWalshEMArmstrongMACroenLAPrevalence and neonatal factors associated with autism spectrum disorders in preterm infantsThe Journal of Pediatrics20141641202510.1016/j.jpeds.2013.09.02124161222
– reference: KoganMDBlumbergSJSchieveLABoyleCAPerrinJMGhandourRMPrevalence of parent-reported diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder among children in the US, 2007Pediatrics200912451395140310.1542/peds.2009-152219805460
– reference: American Psychiatric Association. (1993). DSM-IV draft criteria: Amer Psychiatric Pub Incorporated.
– reference: American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®): American Psychiatric Pub.
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– reference: 29450835 - J Autism Dev Disord. 2018 Feb 15;:
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Snippet This case-control study explores the association between pregnancy/birth complications and other factors with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Lebanese...
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SubjectTerms Adolescent
Adult
Applied Behavior Analysis
At Risk Persons
Autism
Autism Spectrum Disorder - diagnosis
Autism Spectrum Disorder - epidemiology
Autism Spectrum Disorder - genetics
Autism Spectrum Disorders
Behavioral Science and Psychology
Birth Order
Case Studies
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child and School Psychology
Child, Preschool
Childbirth & labor
Clinics
Consanguineous marriage
Consanguinity
Control Groups
Correlation
Diseases
Drug Use
Early Intervention
Environmental Influences
Family medical history
Female
Foreign Countries
Genetics
Health Care Costs
Health risk assessment
Humans
Independent Study
Infections
Labor complications
Lebanon - epidemiology
Male
Medical research
Medical screening
Mental Disorders
Mental Disorders - diagnosis
Mental Disorders - epidemiology
Mental Disorders - genetics
Meta Analysis
Mothers
Neurology
Neurosciences
Original Paper
Pediatrics
Perinatal Care - trends
Perinatal factors
Perinatal Influences
Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Physiological aspects
Postnatal Care - trends
Postpartum
Postpartum period
Pregnancy
Pregnancy complications
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - diagnosis
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - epidemiology
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - genetics
Prenatal Influences
Psychiatry
Psychological Patterns
Psychology
Public Health
Risk
Risk Factors
Screening Tests
Sex Factors
Social Support Groups
Statistical Analysis
Young Adult
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Title Association of Autism with Maternal Infections, Perinatal and Other Risk Factors: A Case-Control Study
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10803-017-3449-x
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Volume 48
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