Tumor‐associated macrophages secrete CC‐chemokine ligand 2 and induce tamoxifen resistance by activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR in breast cancer

• Published in: Cancer science Vol. 111; no. 1; pp. 47 - 58
• Main Authors: Li, Dongbo, Ji, Hongfei, Niu, Xingjian, Yin, Lei, Wang, Yiran, Gu, Yucui, Wang, Jinlu, Zhou, Xiaoping, Zhang, Han, Zhang, Qingyuan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.01.2020; John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subjects: 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; AKT protein; Antigens, CD - genetics; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic - genetics; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal - pharmacology; Breast cancer; Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy; Breast Neoplasms - genetics; Breast Neoplasms - metabolism; CCL2; CD163 antigen; Cell activation; Cell culture; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Cell Proliferation - genetics; Chemokine CCL2 - genetics; Chemokines; Cytokines; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm - genetics; Endocrine therapy; Female; Flow cytometry; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic - genetics; Humans; Immunoassay; Immunofluorescence; Immunoglobulins; Immunohistochemistry; Invasiveness; Ligands; Macrophages; Macrophages - metabolism; Malignancy; MCF-7 Cells; Medical prognosis; Membranes; Metastases; Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; Original; Phenotypes; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - genetics; Polarization; Progression-Free Survival; Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - genetics; Receptors, Cell Surface - genetics; Signal transduction; Signal Transduction - genetics; Tamoxifen; Tamoxifen - pharmacology; tamoxifen resistance; Therapeutic applications; TOR protein; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases - genetics; tumor microenvironment; Tumor Microenvironment - drug effects; Tumor Microenvironment - genetics; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumors; tumor‐associated macrophage; CCL2; breast cancer; tumor-associated macrophage; tamoxifen resistance; tumor microenvironment

Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among women. Although endocrine therapy is effective, the development of endocrine resistance is a major clinical challenge. The tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes tumor malignancy, and tumor‐associated macrophages (TAM) within the TME play a crucial...