Leaky gut biomarkers in depression and suicidal behavior
Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the 'leaky gut hypothesis', increased intestinal permeability may contribute to this relationship via bacterial translocation across enterocytes. We measured plasma levels of gut permeabilit...
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Published in | Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica Vol. 139; no. 2; pp. 185 - 193 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.02.2019
John Wiley and Sons Inc |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 0001-690X 1600-0447 1600-0447 |
DOI | 10.1111/acps.12978 |
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Abstract | Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the 'leaky gut hypothesis', increased intestinal permeability may contribute to this relationship via bacterial translocation across enterocytes. We measured plasma levels of gut permeability markers, in patients with a recent suicide attempt (rSA), MDD subjects with no history of a suicide attempt (nsMDD), and healthy controls (HC), and related these markers to symptom severity and inflammation.
We enrolled rSA (n = 54), nsMDD (n = 13), and HC (n = 17). Zonulin, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), soluble CD14, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were quantified in plasma. Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Suicide Assessment Scale (SUAS) were used for symptom assessments.
The rSA group displayed higher I-FABP and lower zonulin levels compared with both the nsMDD and the HC groups (all P < 0.001). IL-6 correlated positively with I-FABP (r = 0.24, P < 0.05) and negatively with zonulin (r = -0.25, P < 0.05). In all subjects, I-FABP levels correlated positively with MADRS (r = 0.25, P < 0.05) and SUAS scores (r = 0.38, P < 0.001), and the latter correlation was significant also in the nsMDD group (r = 0.60, P < 0.05).
The 'leaky gut hypothesis' may improve our understanding of the link between inflammation and suicidal behavior. These findings should be considered preliminary until replicated in larger cohorts. |
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AbstractList | OBJECTIVE: Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the 'leaky gut hypothesis', increased intestinal permeability may contribute to this relationship via bacterial translocation across enterocytes. We measured plasma levels of gut permeability markers, in patients with a recent suicide attempt (rSA), MDD subjects with no history of a suicide attempt (nsMDD), and healthy controls (HC), and related these markers to symptom severity and inflammation. METHOD: We enrolled rSA (n = 54), nsMDD (n = 13), and HC (n = 17). Zonulin, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), soluble CD14, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were quantified in plasma. Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Suicide Assessment Scale (SUAS) were used for symptom assessments. RESULTS: The rSA group displayed higher I-FABP and lower zonulin levels compared with both the nsMDD and the HC groups (all P < 0.001). IL-6 correlated positively with I-FABP (r = 0.24, P < 0.05) and negatively with zonulin (r = -0.25, P < 0.05). In all subjects, I-FABP levels correlated positively with MADRS (r = 0.25, P < 0.05) and SUAS scores (r = 0.38, P < 0.001), and the latter correlation was significant also in the nsMDD group (r = 0.60, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The 'leaky gut hypothesis' may improve our understanding of the link between inflammation and suicidal behavior. These findings should be considered preliminary until replicated in larger cohorts. ObjectiveInflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the ‘leaky gut hypothesis’, increased intestinal permeability may contribute to this relationship via bacterial translocation across enterocytes. We measured plasma levels of gut permeability markers, in patients with a recent suicide attempt (rSA), MDD subjects with no history of a suicide attempt (nsMDD), and healthy controls (HC), and related these markers to symptom severity and inflammation.MethodWe enrolled rSA (n = 54), nsMDD (n = 13), and HC (n = 17). Zonulin, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I‐FABP), soluble CD14, and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) were quantified in plasma. Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Suicide Assessment Scale (SUAS) were used for symptom assessments.ResultsThe rSA group displayed higher I‐FABP and lower zonulin levels compared with both the nsMDD and the HC groups (all P < 0.001). IL‐6 correlated positively with I‐FABP (r = 0.24, P < 0.05) and negatively with zonulin (r = −0.25, P < 0.05). In all subjects, I‐FABP levels correlated positively with MADRS (r = 0.25, P < 0.05) and SUAS scores (r = 0.38, P < 0.001), and the latter correlation was significant also in the nsMDD group (r = 0.60, P < 0.05).ConclusionThe ‘leaky gut hypothesis’ may improve our understanding of the link between inflammation and suicidal behavior. These findings should be considered preliminary until replicated in larger cohorts. Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the 'leaky gut hypothesis', increased intestinal permeability may contribute to this relationship via bacterial translocation across enterocytes. We measured plasma levels of gut permeability markers, in patients with a recent suicide attempt (rSA), MDD subjects with no history of a suicide attempt (nsMDD), and healthy controls (HC), and related these markers to symptom severity and inflammation.OBJECTIVEInflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the 'leaky gut hypothesis', increased intestinal permeability may contribute to this relationship via bacterial translocation across enterocytes. We measured plasma levels of gut permeability markers, in patients with a recent suicide attempt (rSA), MDD subjects with no history of a suicide attempt (nsMDD), and healthy controls (HC), and related these markers to symptom severity and inflammation.We enrolled rSA (n = 54), nsMDD (n = 13), and HC (n = 17). Zonulin, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), soluble CD14, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were quantified in plasma. Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Suicide Assessment Scale (SUAS) were used for symptom assessments.METHODWe enrolled rSA (n = 54), nsMDD (n = 13), and HC (n = 17). Zonulin, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), soluble CD14, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were quantified in plasma. Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Suicide Assessment Scale (SUAS) were used for symptom assessments.The rSA group displayed higher I-FABP and lower zonulin levels compared with both the nsMDD and the HC groups (all P < 0.001). IL-6 correlated positively with I-FABP (r = 0.24, P < 0.05) and negatively with zonulin (r = -0.25, P < 0.05). In all subjects, I-FABP levels correlated positively with MADRS (r = 0.25, P < 0.05) and SUAS scores (r = 0.38, P < 0.001), and the latter correlation was significant also in the nsMDD group (r = 0.60, P < 0.05).RESULTSThe rSA group displayed higher I-FABP and lower zonulin levels compared with both the nsMDD and the HC groups (all P < 0.001). IL-6 correlated positively with I-FABP (r = 0.24, P < 0.05) and negatively with zonulin (r = -0.25, P < 0.05). In all subjects, I-FABP levels correlated positively with MADRS (r = 0.25, P < 0.05) and SUAS scores (r = 0.38, P < 0.001), and the latter correlation was significant also in the nsMDD group (r = 0.60, P < 0.05).The 'leaky gut hypothesis' may improve our understanding of the link between inflammation and suicidal behavior. These findings should be considered preliminary until replicated in larger cohorts.CONCLUSIONThe 'leaky gut hypothesis' may improve our understanding of the link between inflammation and suicidal behavior. These findings should be considered preliminary until replicated in larger cohorts. Objective: Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the ‘leaky gut hypothesis’, increased intestinal permeability may contribute to this relationship via bacterial translocation across enterocytes. We measured plasma levels of gut permeability markers, in patients with a recent suicide attempt (rSA), MDD subjects with no history of a suicide attempt (nsMDD), and healthy controls (HC), and related these markers to symptom severity and inflammation. Method: We enrolled rSA (n = 54), nsMDD (n = 13), and HC (n = 17). Zonulin, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), soluble CD14, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were quantified in plasma. Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Suicide Assessment Scale (SUAS) were used for symptom assessments. Results: The rSA group displayed higher I-FABP and lower zonulin levels compared with both the nsMDD and the HC groups (all P < 0.001). IL-6 correlated positively with I-FABP (r = 0.24, P < 0.05) and negatively with zonulin (r = −0.25, P < 0.05). In all subjects, I-FABP levels correlated positively with MADRS (r = 0.25, P < 0.05) and SUAS scores (r = 0.38, P < 0.001), and the latter correlation was significant also in the nsMDD group (r = 0.60, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The ‘leaky gut hypothesis’ may improve our understanding of the link between inflammation and suicidal behavior. These findings should be considered preliminary until replicated in larger cohorts. Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the 'leaky gut hypothesis', increased intestinal permeability may contribute to this relationship via bacterial translocation across enterocytes. We measured plasma levels of gut permeability markers, in patients with a recent suicide attempt (rSA), MDD subjects with no history of a suicide attempt (nsMDD), and healthy controls (HC), and related these markers to symptom severity and inflammation. We enrolled rSA (n = 54), nsMDD (n = 13), and HC (n = 17). Zonulin, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), soluble CD14, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were quantified in plasma. Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Suicide Assessment Scale (SUAS) were used for symptom assessments. The rSA group displayed higher I-FABP and lower zonulin levels compared with both the nsMDD and the HC groups (all P < 0.001). IL-6 correlated positively with I-FABP (r = 0.24, P < 0.05) and negatively with zonulin (r = -0.25, P < 0.05). In all subjects, I-FABP levels correlated positively with MADRS (r = 0.25, P < 0.05) and SUAS scores (r = 0.38, P < 0.001), and the latter correlation was significant also in the nsMDD group (r = 0.60, P < 0.05). The 'leaky gut hypothesis' may improve our understanding of the link between inflammation and suicidal behavior. These findings should be considered preliminary until replicated in larger cohorts. |
Author | Ohlsson, L. Ljunggren, L. Brundin, L. Lindqvist, D. Westrin, Å. Lavant, E. Suneson, K. Gustafsson, A. |
AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Biomedical Science Malmo University Malmö Sweden 2 Faculty of Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry Lund University Lund Sweden 3 Center for Neurodegenerative Science Van Andel Research Institute Grand Rapids MI USA |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Biomedical Science Malmo University Malmö Sweden – name: 2 Faculty of Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry Lund University Lund Sweden – name: 3 Center for Neurodegenerative Science Van Andel Research Institute Grand Rapids MI USA |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: L. surname: Ohlsson fullname: Ohlsson, L. organization: Department of Biomedical Science Malmo University Malmö Sweden – sequence: 2 givenname: A. surname: Gustafsson fullname: Gustafsson, A. organization: Department of Biomedical Science Malmo University Malmö Sweden – sequence: 3 givenname: E. surname: Lavant fullname: Lavant, E. organization: Department of Biomedical Science Malmo University Malmö Sweden – sequence: 4 givenname: K. surname: Suneson fullname: Suneson, K. organization: Faculty of Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry Lund University Lund Sweden – sequence: 5 givenname: L. surname: Brundin fullname: Brundin, L. organization: Center for Neurodegenerative Science Van Andel Research Institute Grand Rapids MI USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Å. surname: Westrin fullname: Westrin, Å. organization: Faculty of Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry Lund University Lund Sweden – sequence: 7 givenname: L. surname: Ljunggren fullname: Ljunggren, L. organization: Department of Biomedical Science Malmo University Malmö Sweden – sequence: 8 givenname: D. orcidid: 0000-0002-3472-327X surname: Lindqvist fullname: Lindqvist, D. organization: Faculty of Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry Lund University Lund Sweden |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30347427$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-5337$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index |
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Copyright | 2018 The Authors. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S, Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd |
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CorporateAuthor | Psykiatri, Lund Enheten för klinisk suicidforskning Enheten för Biologisk Psykiatri och Precisionspsykiatri Unit for clinical suicide research Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Lund Psychiatry (Lund) Lunds universitet Lund University Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund Unit for Biological and Precision Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine Section IV Medicinska fakulteten Sektion IV |
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Keywords | intestinal permeability zonulin suicide, attempted depressive disorder, major intestinal fatty acid binding protein |
Language | English |
License | 2018 The Authors. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. |
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Snippet | Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the 'leaky gut hypothesis', increased intestinal... ObjectiveInflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the ‘leaky gut hypothesis’, increased intestinal... OBJECTIVE: Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the 'leaky gut hypothesis', increased intestinal... Objective: Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior. According to the ‘leaky gut hypothesis’, increased intestinal... |
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SubjectTerms | Adult Bacterial Translocation - genetics Biomarkers Biomarkers - blood CD14 antigen Clinical Medicine Cross-Sectional Studies Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis Depressive Disorder, Major - metabolism Digestive system Enterocytes Enterocytes - microbiology Fatty acid-binding protein Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins - blood Female Gastrointestinal tract Haptoglobins Humans Hypotheses Inflammation Inflammation - metabolism Interleukin-6 - blood Intestine Intestine, Small - cytology Intestine, Small - metabolism Intestine, Small - physiopathology Klinisk medicin Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - blood Male Medical and Health Sciences Medicin och hälsovetenskap Mental depression Middle Aged Original Permeability Plasma levels Protein Precursors - blood Psychiatry Psykiatri Self destructive behavior Severity of Illness Index Suicidal behavior Suicidal Ideation Suicide Suicide, Attempted - psychology Suicides & suicide attempts |
Title | Leaky gut biomarkers in depression and suicidal behavior |
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