Surface modification engineering of two-dimensional titanium carbide for efficient synergistic multitherapy of breast cancer

• Published in: Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine Vol. 8; no. 3; pp. 642 - 6417
• Main Authors: Bai, Lei, Yi, Wenhui, Sun, Taiyang, Tian, Yilong, Zhang, Ping, Si, Jinhai, Hou, Xun, Hou, Jin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Royal Society of Chemistry 05.08.2020
• Subjects: absorption; adsorption; Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - chemistry; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - pharmacology; Biocompatibility; Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Breast cancer; breast neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy; Breast Neoplasms - radiotherapy; Chemotherapy; Combined Modality Therapy; Drug delivery; Drug delivery systems; Drug Liberation; drug therapy; Female; Glucans - chemistry; Glucans - pharmacology; Humans; Immune system; Immunomodulation; Immunomodulators; Infrared absorption; Infrared Rays; Lentinan; Lentinan - chemistry; Lentinan - pharmacology; Metastases; Metastasis; Metformin; Metformin - chemistry; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; mortality; Nanocapsules - chemistry; Nanocomposites; Nanocomposites - chemistry; nanosheets; Nanostructure; Near infrared radiation; Phototherapy; Photothermal conversion; Polysaccharides; Polysaccharides - chemistry; Saccharides; Singlet oxygen; Singlet Oxygen - chemistry; Titanium; Titanium - chemistry; Titanium carbide; Tumors
• ISSN: 2050-750X; 2050-7518; 2050-7518
• DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01084g

Cancer is a leading cause of human mortality. Given that it is difficult for conventional therapeutic approaches to effectively eradicate tumors and inhibit their recurrence and metastasis, new therapeutic strategies for solving this problem are urgently needed. In this work, we report the development of a two-dimensional titanium carbide nanocomposite drug delivery system. The system can be used for the synergistic treatment of tumors through photothermal/photodynamic/chemotherapy and can also inhibit tumor recurrence and metastasis by activating the immune system. A surface modification engineering strategy has been elaborately designed to realize the multifunctionalization of an MXene, Ti 3 C 2 . In this strategy, the nanocomposite drug delivery system (Ti 3 C 2 @Met@CP) was established via layer by layer adsorption of metformin (Met) and compound polysaccharide (CP) on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets. Among these materials, the synthesized (AlOH) 4 − -functionalized Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets possess strong near-infrared absorption (extinction coefficient of 36.2 L g −1 cm −1 ), high photothermal conversion efficiency (∼59.6%) and effective singlet oxygen generation ( 1 O 2 ). Compound polysaccharide (CP) is a new immunomodulator formed by mixing lentinan, pachymaran and tremella polysaccharides in optimal proportions. Especially, the decoration of CP onto the Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets endows Ti 3 C 2 with a well-defined shell, improves its tumor site aggregation and biocompatibility, and activates the host's immune functions. The synergistic eradication and inhibition of tumor recurrence and metastasis have been systematically evaluated by in vivo and in vitro experiments. A nanocomposite drug delivery system (Ti 3 C 2 @Met@CP) can be used for the synergistic treatment of tumors through photothermal/photodynamic/chemotherapy and can also inhibit tumor recurrence and metastasis by activating the immune system.