Complex Ancient Genetic Structure and Cultural Transitions in Southern African Populations

The characterization of the structure of southern African populations has been the subject of numerous genetic, medical, linguistic, archaeological, and anthropological investigations. Current diversity in the subcontinent is the result of complex events of genetic admixture and cultural contact bet...

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Published inGenetics (Austin) Vol. 205; no. 1; pp. 303 - 316
Main Authors Montinaro, Francesco, Busby, George B J, Gonzalez-Santos, Miguel, Oosthuitzen, Ockie, Oosthuitzen, Erika, Anagnostou, Paolo, Destro-Bisol, Giovanni, Pascali, Vincenzo L, Capelli, Cristian
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Genetics Society of America 01.01.2017
Subjects
Africa, Southern
African Continental Ancestry Group - genetics
Archaeology
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA, Ancient - analysis
DNA, Ancient - chemistry
Gene Frequency
Genealogy
Genetic structure
Genetic Structures
Genetic testing
Genetic Variation
Genetics, Population - methods
Genomes
Genotype
Geography
Haplotypes
Humans
Investigations
Lesotho
Mitochondrial DNA
Namibia
Phylogeography - methods
Studies
West Africa
sub-Saharan Africa
Khoesan
ancient structure
African prehistory
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Abstract The characterization of the structure of southern African populations has been the subject of numerous genetic, medical, linguistic, archaeological, and anthropological investigations. Current diversity in the subcontinent is the result of complex events of genetic admixture and cultural contact between early inhabitants and migrants that arrived in the region over the last 2000 years. Here, we analyze 1856 individuals from 91 populations, comprising novel and published genotype data, to characterize the genetic ancestry profiles of 631 individuals from 51 southern African populations. Combining both local ancestry and allele frequency based analyses, we identify a tripartite, ancient, Khoesan-related genetic structure. This structure correlates neither with linguistic affiliation nor subsistence strategy, but with geography, revealing the importance of isolation-by-distance dynamics in the area. Fine-mapping of these components in southern African populations reveals admixture and cultural reversion involving several Khoesan groups, and highlights that Bantu speakers and Coloured individuals have different mixtures of these ancient ancestries.
AbstractList The characterization of the structure of southern African populations has been the subject of numerous genetic, medical, linguistic, archaeological, and anthropological investigations. Current diversity in the subcontinent is the result of complex events of genetic admixture and cultural contact between early inhabitants and migrants that arrived in the region over the last 2000 years. Here, we analyze 1856 individuals from 91 populations, comprising novel and published genotype data, to characterize the genetic ancestry profiles of 631 individuals from 51 southern African populations. Combining both local ancestry and allele frequency based analyses, we identify a tripartite, ancient, Khoesan-related genetic structure. This structure correlates neither with linguistic affiliation nor subsistence strategy, but with geography, revealing the importance of isolation-by-distance dynamics in the area. Fine-mapping of these components in southern African populations reveals admixture and cultural reversion involving several Khoesan groups, and highlights that Bantu speakers and Coloured individuals have different mixtures of these ancient ancestries.
The characterization of the structure of southern African populations has been the subject of numerous genetic, medical, linguistic, archaeological, and anthropological investigations. Current diversity in the subcontinent is the result of complex events of genetic admixture and cultural contact between early inhabitants and migrants that arrived in the region over the last 2000 years. Here, we analyze 1856 individuals from 91 populations, comprising novel and published genotype data, to characterize the genetic ancestry profiles of 631 individuals from 51 southern African populations. Combining both local ancestry and allele frequency based analyses, we identify a tripartite, ancient, Khoesan-related genetic structure. This structure correlates neither with linguistic affiliation nor subsistence strategy, but with geography, revealing the importance of isolation-by-distance dynamics in the area. Fine-mapping of these components in southern African populations reveals admixture and cultural reversion involving several Khoesan groups, and highlights that Bantu speakers and Coloured individuals have different mixtures of these ancient ancestries.
Author Destro-Bisol, Giovanni
Busby, George B J
Pascali, Vincenzo L
Montinaro, Francesco
Gonzalez-Santos, Miguel
Oosthuitzen, Ockie
Oosthuitzen, Erika
Capelli, Cristian
Anagnostou, Paolo
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Copyright © 2017 Montinaro et al.
Copyright Genetics Society of America Jan 2017
Copyright © 2017 Montinaro . 2017
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Keywords sub-Saharan Africa
Khoesan
ancient structure
African prehistory
Language English
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Snippet The characterization of the structure of southern African populations has been the subject of numerous genetic, medical, linguistic, archaeological, and...
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pubmed
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StartPage 303
SubjectTerms Africa, Southern
African Continental Ancestry Group - genetics
Archaeology
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA, Ancient - analysis
DNA, Ancient - chemistry
Gene Frequency
Genealogy
Genetic structure
Genetic Structures
Genetic testing
Genetic Variation
Genetics, Population - methods
Genomes
Genotype
Geography
Haplotypes
Humans
Investigations
Lesotho
Mitochondrial DNA
Namibia
Phylogeography - methods
Studies
Title Complex Ancient Genetic Structure and Cultural Transitions in Southern African Populations
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27838627
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1860847173
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1839115487
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1868323913
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5223510
Volume 205
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