Innate Immune Receptors: Key Regulators of Metabolic Disease Progression

The study of the intersection of immunology and metabolism is a growing field fueled by the increased prevalence of obesity-associated pathologies. Importantly, the capacity of the innate immune system to sense metabolic stress induced by nutritional surplus has been linked with the progression of o...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inCell metabolism Vol. 17; no. 6; pp. 873 - 882
Main Authors Jin, Chengcheng, Henao-Mejia, Jorge, Flavell, Richard A.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 04.06.2013
Subjects
atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis - immunology
Atherosclerosis - metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - immunology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
disease course
Disease Progression
fatty liver
Fatty Liver - immunology
Fatty Liver - metabolism
Humans
Immunity, Innate
immunologic receptors
Inflammation - immunology
innate immunity
insulin resistance
Insulin Resistance - immunology
intestinal microorganisms
Intestines - immunology
Intestines - microbiology
Metabolic Diseases - immunology
metabolism
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
obesity
Obesity - immunology
Obesity - metabolism
Receptors, Immunologic - immunology
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Abstract The study of the intersection of immunology and metabolism is a growing field fueled by the increased prevalence of obesity-associated pathologies. Importantly, the capacity of the innate immune system to sense metabolic stress induced by nutritional surplus has been linked with the progression of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis. Moreover, it is clear that the innate immune system regulates the composition of the intestinal microbiota, which impacts multiple host metabolic processes. Here we review recent studies in this emerging field with an emphasis on how innate immune receptors determine metabolic disease progression.
AbstractList The study of the intersection of immunology and metabolism is a growing field fueled by the increased prevalence of obesity-associated pathologies. Importantly, the capacity of the innate immune system to sense metabolic stress induced by nutritional surplus has been linked with the progression of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis. Moreover, it is clear that the innate immune system regulates the composition of the intestinal microbiota, which impacts multiple host metabolic processes. Here we review recent studies in this emerging field with an emphasis on how innate immune receptors determine metabolic disease progression.
The study of the intersection of immunology and metabolism is a growing field fueled by the increased prevalence of obesity-associated pathologies. Importantly, the capacity of the innate immune system to sense metabolic stress induced by nutritional surplus has been linked with the progression of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis. Moreover, it is clear that the innate immune system regulates the composition of the intestinal microbiota, which impacts multiple host metabolic processes. Here we review recent studies in this emerging field with an emphasis on how innate immune receptors determine metabolic disease progression.The study of the intersection of immunology and metabolism is a growing field fueled by the increased prevalence of obesity-associated pathologies. Importantly, the capacity of the innate immune system to sense metabolic stress induced by nutritional surplus has been linked with the progression of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis. Moreover, it is clear that the innate immune system regulates the composition of the intestinal microbiota, which impacts multiple host metabolic processes. Here we review recent studies in this emerging field with an emphasis on how innate immune receptors determine metabolic disease progression.
Author Henao-Mejia, Jorge
Jin, Chengcheng
Flavell, Richard A.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Chengcheng
  surname: Jin
  fullname: Jin, Chengcheng
  organization: Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Jorge
  surname: Henao-Mejia
  fullname: Henao-Mejia, Jorge
  organization: Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Richard A.
  surname: Flavell
  fullname: Flavell, Richard A.
  email: richard.flavell@yale.edu
  organization: Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23747246$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNqFkU1r3DAQhkVJyWf_QA_Fx17sjj7tLbmUpG2WJiSE9CwkeTZosa2NJAfy76Nlkx56SEAwGnieObzvEdmbwoSEfKbQUKDq27pxI-aGAeUNyAYo_UAO6YKzuhUM9spfSqgF5fSAHKW0BuCKL_g-OWC8FS0T6pBcLKfJZKyW4zhPWN2iw00OMX2v_uBTWe_nwWz3KqyqK8zGhsG76twnNAmrmxjuI6bkw3RCPq7MkPDTyzwmf3_9vDu7qC-vfy_PflzWTnKWa6lcryzvreDGUtlJw8pT2IKVHV-hFdAZC2hbKhdUoGVgUTh0YESPLfJj8nV3dxPDw4wp69Enh8NgJgxz0rTlXErFmHgfFRw6CbJbvI9ypWRbSFXQLy_obEfs9Sb60cQn_ZppAdgOcDGkFHH1D6Ggt8Xptd4Wp7fFaZC6FFek7j_J-WxyCTZH44e31dOdiiX2R49RJ-dxctj7iC7rPvi39GdER7JD
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1002_iub_2179
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jaim_2021_01_003
crossref_primary_10_1039_D2FO02438A
crossref_primary_10_3945_jn_116_231662
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00018_016_2316_9
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpge_2015_06_001
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0191026
crossref_primary_10_3390_molecules28052401
crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2023_082453
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopha_2023_114545
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00125_019_4962_6
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopha_2024_116724
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbadis_2018_10_036
crossref_primary_10_3389_fendo_2021_814770
crossref_primary_10_1152_japplphysiol_00626_2023
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_yexcr_2014_04_017
crossref_primary_10_1093_bjsopen_zraa027
crossref_primary_10_1038_nature18847
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41569_024_01017_x
crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202212102
crossref_primary_10_1016_S0021_9258_17_49908_X
crossref_primary_10_1038_cmi_2015_112
crossref_primary_10_33396_1728_0869_2016_12_49_53
crossref_primary_10_3748_wjg_v26_i19_2374
crossref_primary_10_3748_wjg_v26_i19_2373
crossref_primary_10_1007_s13410_016_0531_4
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuron_2020_05_025
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12275_018_7548_y
crossref_primary_10_1146_annurev_immunol_032713_120238
crossref_primary_10_1051_jbio_2017026
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejogrb_2023_04_004
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_dsx_2019_01_012
crossref_primary_10_1097_HNP_0000000000000311
crossref_primary_10_1111_jdi_13056
crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12103054
crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjdrc_2019_000945
crossref_primary_10_1186_ar4688
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0228637
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_drudis_2019_02_008
crossref_primary_10_4103_tp_tp_81_21
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_canlet_2016_06_004
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11883_017_0675_9
crossref_primary_10_1038_srep05412
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms232213882
crossref_primary_10_1001_jamanetworkopen_2021_37503
crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2016_00175
crossref_primary_10_4049_jimmunol_1500337
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_numecd_2022_10_011
crossref_primary_10_1074_jbc_RA119_010816
crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_molpharmaceut_9b00246
crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12020477
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_molmed_2015_09_004
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_celrep_2015_03_021
crossref_primary_10_1111_cmi_12689
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_exger_2020_110891
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbadis_2018_03_003
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms22010125
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2014_11_013
crossref_primary_10_1186_s11658_016_0002_4
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cyto_2014_12_013
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clinre_2016_11_002
crossref_primary_10_1139_bcb_2014_0139
crossref_primary_10_12688_f1000research_6709_1
crossref_primary_10_18705_1607_419X_2013_19_4
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopha_2021_111685
crossref_primary_10_12688_f1000research_6709_2
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11033_022_07214_6
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10753_017_0628_z
crossref_primary_10_3389_fphar_2022_905347
crossref_primary_10_4161_21624011_2014_953410
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bj_2016_12_004
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms24098414
crossref_primary_10_4049_jimmunol_1502060
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10157_018_1577_z
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41366_019_0402_4
crossref_primary_10_2337_db14_1577
crossref_primary_10_3390_nu14132662
crossref_primary_10_1155_2019_5271295
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11906_013_0413_9
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms25147788
crossref_primary_10_1136_gutjnl_2018_316844
crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_1324052111
crossref_primary_10_1111_acer_13345
crossref_primary_10_14814_phy2_12558
crossref_primary_10_3390_biology13010063
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms20051103
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cmet_2014_09_016
crossref_primary_10_1002_med_21867
crossref_primary_10_1161_HYPERTENSIONAHA_116_08192
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atherosclerosis_2015_05_035
crossref_primary_10_1136_gutjnl_2015_310904
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_celrep_2024_115109
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cmet_2015_07_013
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_lfs_2023_121400
crossref_primary_10_1038_ijo_2015_198
crossref_primary_10_3389_fcvm_2019_00106
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0179696
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbi_2022_07_158
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00125_015_3629_1
crossref_primary_10_1021_acsinfecdis_6b00174
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jff_2020_104266
crossref_primary_10_1080_0284186X_2023_2270145
crossref_primary_10_1111_bph_14642
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ceb_2016_01_010
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2014_12_003
crossref_primary_10_1038_nature21363
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cca_2015_11_001
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0167199
crossref_primary_10_3892_mmr_2017_8038
crossref_primary_10_3389_fnhum_2020_00181
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_gene_2014_10_040
crossref_primary_10_1152_ajpcell_00249_2013
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00394_022_02888_x
crossref_primary_10_31260_RepertMedCir_01217372_1242
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41591_019_0675_0
crossref_primary_10_4049_jimmunol_1701522
crossref_primary_10_1152_physrev_00065_2017
crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines11113002
crossref_primary_10_1177_03000605221111275
crossref_primary_10_1155_2019_2935315
crossref_primary_10_1249_MSS_0000000000003618
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_024_19138_w
crossref_primary_10_2174_1871530319666190206124520
crossref_primary_10_1152_ajpcell_00007_2023
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12011_013_9786_5
crossref_primary_10_3390_biom11091384
crossref_primary_10_3390_pharmaceutics17030378
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_gene_2018_11_065
crossref_primary_10_5312_wjo_v15_i2_170
crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines13030531
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_019_09361_0
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2015_02_022
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms19124058
crossref_primary_10_3390_ncrna4030019
crossref_primary_10_1146_annurev_pathmechdis_012418_013003
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41575_022_00658_y
crossref_primary_10_3390_app13158567
crossref_primary_10_1002_oby_21215
crossref_primary_10_1210_clinem_dgac212
crossref_primary_10_1210_er_2014_1100
crossref_primary_10_3389_fendo_2023_1286979
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_ppat_1008391
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mce_2017_06_012
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.cell.2012.02.017
10.1371/journal.pone.0009085
10.1172/JCI25482
10.1016/j.tins.2008.01.005
10.2337/db11-1595
10.1038/nri2925
10.1073/pnas.1001796107
10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.10.007
10.1016/j.numecd.2008.10.002
10.2337/db06-1595
10.1038/nm.2279
10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155745
10.1002/hep.24341
10.1093/cvr/cvt033
10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.09.075
10.1038/nm1415
10.1096/fj.09-141929
10.1038/ni.2022
10.1172/JCI26498
10.1038/nm.2087
10.1016/j.tem.2011.01.002
10.1038/ni.1935
10.1038/cddis.2011.18
10.1016/j.cmet.2009.08.013
10.1038/ni.2001
10.1007/s10875-010-9440-3
10.1126/science.1201475
10.1016/S1262-3636(08)74597-X
10.1038/oby.2008.210
10.1186/1475-2840-9-11
10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.043
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2760-08.2009
10.1073/pnas.0810087106
10.1007/s00125-007-0861-3
10.1016/j.cmet.2010.11.011
10.1210/en.2010-0437
10.1371/journal.pbio.1001212
10.1016/j.jhep.2007.04.019
10.1126/science.1179721
10.1172/JCI28898
10.1053/gast.2001.23256
10.2337/dc10-1676
10.1007/s00125-010-1931-5
10.1007/s00125-007-0654-8
10.1074/jbc.M706762200
10.1038/nature07540
10.1038/ni.1863
10.1677/JOE-08-0354
10.1038/nm.1964
10.1053/j.gastro.2010.03.052
10.2337/db06-1491
10.1073/pnas.1215840110
10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.07.058
10.1172/JCI43378
10.1073/pnas.0403249101
10.1002/hep.24552
10.1016/j.cell.2010.01.022
10.1038/nm.2353
10.1038/nm.2851
10.1186/1476-9255-9-49
10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.249847
10.1093/intimm/dxs116
10.1002/emmm.201100159
10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.106.142851
10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00867.x
10.1016/j.cmet.2012.01.023
10.1146/annurev-immunol-031210-101322
10.1038/nature05414
10.2337/dc11-1593
10.1002/hep.22848
10.2337/db11-0004
10.1074/jbc.M513304200
10.1007/s00125-008-1221-7
10.1016/j.it.2011.05.004
10.1038/ni.1831
10.1016/j.cmet.2009.09.006
10.1016/j.tem.2010.08.007
10.1126/science.1223813
10.1038/nm.1994
10.1152/ajpendo.00709.2010
10.1210/jc.2005-2786
10.1016/j.cell.2010.01.040
10.1016/j.cell.2011.04.022
10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.12.190
10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.07.011
10.1038/nm.2002
10.1038/nrendo.2009.62
10.1038/nature09421
10.1038/nm.2001
10.1046/j.1365-2249.2003.02211.x
10.1016/j.immuni.2012.07.006
10.1016/j.cjca.2011.10.013
10.1038/nature10809
10.1101/gad.1878510
10.1007/s00125-010-1747-3
10.1016/j.cmet.2010.09.010
10.1016/j.lfs.2008.07.021
10.1172/JCI24335
10.1371/journal.pone.0003204
10.1038/nm1008
10.2337/db10-0253
10.1038/nature08938
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2013 Elsevier Inc.
– notice: Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DBID 6I.
AAFTH
AAYXX
CITATION
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7X8
7T5
H94
7S9
L.6
DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011
DatabaseName ScienceDirect Open Access Titles
Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access
CrossRef
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
Immunology Abstracts
AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
AGRICOLA
AGRICOLA - Academic
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE - Academic
AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
Immunology Abstracts
AGRICOLA
AGRICOLA - Academic
DatabaseTitleList MEDLINE

MEDLINE - Academic
AGRICOLA
AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: EIF
  name: MEDLINE
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search
  sourceTypes: Index Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Biology
EISSN 1932-7420
EndPage 882
ExternalDocumentID 23747246
10_1016_j_cmet_2013_05_011
S1550413113002015
Genre Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Article
Review
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: Howard Hughes Medical Institute
GroupedDBID ---
--K
0R~
1~5
29B
2WC
4.4
457
4G.
53G
5GY
62-
6I.
6J9
7-5
AACTN
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAFTH
AAIAV
AAIKJ
AAKRW
AAKUH
AALRI
AAUCE
AAVLU
AAXJY
AAXUO
ABJNI
ABMAC
ABMWF
ABVKL
ACGFO
ACGFS
ADBBV
ADEZE
ADJPV
AEFWE
AENEX
AEXQZ
AFTJW
AGHFR
AGKMS
AITUG
ALKID
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMRAJ
ASPBG
AVWKF
AZFZN
BAWUL
CS3
DIK
DU5
E3Z
EBS
EJD
F5P
FCP
FDB
FEDTE
FIRID
HVGLF
IHE
IXB
J1W
JIG
M3Z
M41
NCXOZ
O-L
O9-
OK1
P2P
RCE
RIG
ROL
RPZ
SES
SSZ
TR2
UNMZH
WQ6
ZA5
AAMRU
AAYWO
AAYXX
ABDGV
ACVFH
ADCNI
ADVLN
AEUPX
AFPUW
AGCQF
AIGII
AKAPO
AKBMS
AKRWK
AKYEP
APXCP
CITATION
HZ~
OZT
0SF
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7X8
EFKBS
7T5
H94
7S9
L.6
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c532t-56cd6b3db43ab1585a25a26e70b583feb408ab0eb715914eb20be4cec0a4de7e3
IEDL.DBID IXB
ISSN 1550-4131
1932-7420
IngestDate Fri Jul 11 12:26:34 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 11 00:48:22 EDT 2025
Mon Jul 21 10:01:42 EDT 2025
Thu Jan 02 22:11:02 EST 2025
Tue Jul 01 03:58:12 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 23:09:04 EDT 2025
Fri Feb 23 02:47:57 EST 2024
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 6
Language English
License http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c532t-56cd6b3db43ab1585a25a26e70b583feb408ab0eb715914eb20be4cec0a4de7e3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
ObjectType-Review-3
content type line 23
ObjectType-Article-2
ObjectType-Feature-1
OpenAccessLink https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550413113002015
PMID 23747246
PQID 1366575896
PQPubID 23479
PageCount 10
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_1733556224
proquest_miscellaneous_1430850589
proquest_miscellaneous_1366575896
pubmed_primary_23747246
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cmet_2013_05_011
crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_cmet_2013_05_011
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_cmet_2013_05_011
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2013-06-04
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2013-06-04
PublicationDate_xml – month: 06
  year: 2013
  text: 2013-06-04
  day: 04
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace United States
PublicationPlace_xml – name: United States
PublicationTitle Cell metabolism
PublicationTitleAlternate Cell Metab
PublicationYear 2013
Publisher Elsevier Inc
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier Inc
References Gage, Hasu, Thabet, Whitman (bib28) 2012; 28
Poggi, Bastelica, Gual, Iglesias, Gremeaux, Knauf, Peiretti, Verdier, Juhan-Vague, Tanti (bib65) 2007; 50
Weisberg, Hunter, Huber, Lemieux, Slaymaker, Vaddi, Charo, Leibel, Ferrante (bib98) 2006; 116
Netea, Joosten, Lewis, Jensen, Voshol, Kullberg, Tack, van Krieken, Kim, Stalenhoef (bib58) 2006; 12
Vandanmagsar, Youm, Ravussin, Galgani, Stadler, Mynatt, Ravussin, Stephens, Dixit (bib94) 2011; 17
Radin, Sinha, Bhatt, Dedousis, O’Doherty (bib69) 2008; 51
Kleinridders, Schenten, Könner, Belgardt, Mauer, Okamura, Wunderlich, Medzhitov, Brüning (bib42) 2009; 10
Liu, Divoux, Sun, Zhang, Clément, Glickman, Sukhova, Wolters, Du, Gorgun (bib48) 2009; 15
Henao-Mejia, Elinav, Jin, Hao, Mehal, Strowig, Thaiss, Kau, Eisenbarth, Jurczak (bib34) 2012; 482
Lundberg, Ketelhuth, Johansson, Gerdes, Liu, Yamamoto, Akira, Hansson (bib49) 2013
Elinav, Strowig, Kau, Henao-Mejia, Thaiss, Booth, Peaper, Bertin, Eisenbarth, Gordon, Flavell (bib23) 2011; 145
Jiang, Wang, Huang, Zhang, Shao, Zhang, Wang, Wang (bib37) 2012; 425
Jin, Flavell (bib38) 2010; 30
Lamkanfi, Dixit (bib45) 2012; 28
Schroder, Tschopp (bib77) 2010; 140
Kanda, Tateya, Tamori, Kotani, Hiasa, Kitazawa, Kitazawa, Miyachi, Maeda, Egashira, Kasuga (bib39) 2006; 116
Vijay-Kumar, Aitken, Carvalho, Cullender, Mwangi, Srinivasan, Sitaraman, Knight, Ley, Gewirtz (bib95) 2010; 328
De Nardo, Latz (bib15) 2011; 32
Ehses, Lacraz, Giroix, Schmidlin, Coulaud, Kassis, Irminger, Kergoat, Portha, Homo-Delarche, Donath (bib21) 2009; 106
Hansson, Hermansson (bib32) 2011; 12
Zhang, Zhang, Zhang, Karin, Bai, Cai (bib105) 2008; 135
Kim, Pham, Luttrell, Bannerman, Tupper, Thaler, Hawn, Raines, Schwartz (bib41) 2007; 100
.
Fischer, Ellström, Ekström, Gustafsson, Gustafsson, Svanborg (bib26) 2007; 9
Pussinen, Havulinna, Lehto, Sundvall, Salomaa (bib68) 2011; 34
Vives-Pi, Somoza, Fernández-Alvarez, Vargas, Caro, Alba, Gomis, Labeta, Pujol-Borrell (bib96) 2003; 133
Milanski, Degasperi, Coope, Morari, Denis, Cintra, Tsukumo, Anhe, Amaral, Takahashi (bib55) 2009; 29
Sourianarayanane, Garg, Smith, Butt, McCullough, Shen (bib82) 2012
Amar, Chabo, Waget, Klopp, Vachoux, Bermúdez-Humarán, Smirnova, Bergé, Sulpice, Lahtinen (bib1) 2011; 3
Miele, Valenza, La Torre, Montalto, Cammarota, Ricci, Mascianà, Forgione, Gabrieli, Perotti (bib54) 2009; 49
Donath, Shoelson (bib18) 2011; 11
Wu, Molofsky, Liang, Ricardo-Gonzalez, Jouihan, Bando, Chawla, Locksley (bib104) 2011; 332
Menu, Pellegrin, Aubert, Bouzourene, Tardivel, Mazzolai, Tschopp (bib52) 2011; 2
Strandberg, Lorentzon, Hellqvist, Nilsson, Wallenius, Ohlsson, Jansson (bib84) 2006; 91
Davis, Gabler, Walker-Daniels, Spurlock (bib13) 2008; 16
Suganami, Mieda, Itoh, Shimoda, Kamei, Ogawa (bib85) 2007; 354
Purohit, Hu, Burke, Collier, Chen, Zhao (bib67) 2012
Holland, Bikman, Wang, Yuguang, Sargent, Bulchand, Knotts, Shui, Clegg, Wenk (bib36) 2011; 121
Hanisch, Johnson, Kipnis (bib31) 2008; 31
Usui, Shirasuna, Kimura, Tatsumi, Kawashima, Karasawa, Hida, Sagara, Taniguchi, Takahashi (bib93) 2012; 425
Csak, Ganz, Pespisa, Kodys, Dolganiuc, Szabo (bib11) 2011; 54
Larsen, Vogensen, van den Berg, Nielsen, Andreasen, Pedersen, Al-Soud, Sørensen, Hansen, Jakobsen (bib46) 2010; 5
Miura, Kodama, Inokuchi, Schnabl, Aoyama, Ohnishi, Olefsky, Brenner, Seki (bib56) 2010; 139
Seimon, Nadolski, Liao, Magallon, Nguyen, Feric, Koschinsky, Harkewicz, Witztum, Tsimikas (bib78) 2010; 12
Gregor, Hotamisligil (bib29) 2011; 29
Kuo, Tsai, Jiang, Chuang, Yu, Lai, Tsai (bib44) 2011; 54
Caricilli, Picardi, de Abreu, Ueno, Prada, Ropelle, Hirabara, Castoldi, Vieira, Camara (bib8) 2011; 9
Wen, Gris, Lei, Jha, Zhang, Huang, Brickey, Ting (bib99) 2011; 12
Sanyal, Campbell-Sargent, Mirshahi, Rizzo, Contos, Sterling, Luketic, Shiffman, Clore (bib75) 2001; 120
Senn (bib79) 2006; 281
Serfaty, Lemoine (bib80) 2008; 34
Coenen, Gruen, Lee-Young, Puglisi, Wasserman, Hasty (bib10) 2009; 52
Turnbaugh, Ley, Mahowald, Magrini, Mardis, Gordon (bib91) 2006; 444
Rivera, Adegboyega, van Rooijen, Tagalicud, Allman, Wallace (bib70) 2007; 47
Boaru, Borkham-Kamphorst, Tihaa, Haas, Weiskirchen (bib5) 2012; 9
Nishimura, Manabe, Nagasaki, Eto, Yamashita, Ohsugi, Otsu, Hara, Ueki, Sugiura (bib61) 2009; 15
Roncon-Albuquerque, Moreira-Rodrigues, Faria, Ferreira, Cerqueira, Lourenço, Pestana, von Hafe, Leite-Moreira (bib71) 2008; 83
Könner, Brüning (bib43) 2011; 22
Osborn, Gram, Zorrilla, Conti, Bartfai (bib63) 2008; 138
Stienstra, Joosten, Koenen, van Tits, van Diepen, van den Berg, Rensen, Voshol, Fantuzzi, Hijmans (bib83) 2010; 12
Caricilli, Nascimento, Pauli, Tsukumo, Velloso, Carvalheira, Saad (bib7) 2008; 199
Trøseid, Seljeflot, Arnesen (bib89) 2010; 9
Winer, Chan, Paltser, Truong, Tsui, Bahrami, Dorfman, Wang, Zielenski, Mastronardi (bib101) 2009; 15
Saberi, Woods, de Luca, Schenk, Lu, Bandyopadhyay, Verma, Olefsky (bib72) 2009; 10
Greiner, Bäckhed (bib30) 2011; 22
Pal, Dasgupta, Kundu, Maitra, Das, Mukhopadhyay, Ray, Majumdar, Bhattacharya (bib64) 2012
Ding, Subramanian, Montes, Goodspeed, Wang, Han, Teresa, Kim, O’Brien, Chait (bib17) 2012; 32
Clarke, Davis, Lysenko, Zhou, Yu, Weiser (bib9) 2010; 16
Cani, Amar, Iglesias, Poggi, Knauf, Bastelica, Neyrinck, Fava, Tuohy, Chabo (bib6) 2007; 56
Orr, Puglisi, Ellacott, Lumeng, Wasserman, Hasty (bib62) 2012; 61
Fève, Bastard (bib25) 2009; 5
Himes, Smith (bib35) 2010; 24
Takeuchi, Akira (bib86) 2010; 140
World Health Organization. (2013). Fact sheets.
Dahlöf (bib12) 2010; 105
Feuerer, Herrero, Cipolletta, Naaz, Wong, Nayer, Lee, Goldfine, Benoist, Shoelson, Mathis (bib24) 2009; 15
Madan, Amar (bib50) 2008; 3
Zhou, Tardivel, Thorens, Choi, Tschopp (bib107) 2010; 11
Belgardt, Mauer, Wunderlich, Ernst, Pal, Spohn, Brönneke, Brodesser, Hampel, Schauss, Brüning (bib2) 2010; 107
Nguyen, Favelyukis, Nguyen, Reichart, Scott, Jenn, Liu-Bryan, Glass, Neels, Olefsky (bib59) 2007; 282
Harte, Varma, Tripathi, McGee, Al-Daghri, Al-Attas, Sabico, O’Hare, Ceriello, Saravanan (bib33) 2012; 35
Masters, Dunne, Subramanian, Hull, Tannahill, Sharp, Becker, Franchi, Yoshihara, Chen (bib51) 2010; 11
Winer, Winer, Shen, Wadia, Yantha, Paltser, Tsui, Wu, Davidson, Alonso (bib102) 2011; 17
Shi, Kokoeva, Inouye, Tzameli, Yin, Flier (bib81) 2006; 116
DeFuria, Belkina, Jagannathan-Bogdan, Snyder-Cappione, Carr, Nersesova, Markham, Strissel, Watkins, Zhu (bib14) 2013; 110
Kawai, Akira (bib40) 2010; 11
Li, Chen, Hu, Liu, Sun, Tang, Hou, Chang, Tu, Feng (bib47) 2011; 54
Biswas, Kobayashi (bib3) 2013; 25
Mullick, Tobias, Curtiss (bib57) 2005; 115
Presta, Andreozzi, Succurro, Marini, Laratta, Lauro, Hribal, Perticone, Sesti (bib66) 2009; 19
Tamrakar, Schertzer, Chiu, Foley, Bilan, Philpott, Klip (bib87) 2010; 151
Duewell, Kono, Rayner, Sirois, Vladimer, Bauernfeind, Abela, Franchi, Nuñez, Schnurr (bib19) 2010; 464
Eguchi, Manabe, Oishi-Tanaka, Ohsugi, Kono, Ogata, Yagi, Ohto, Kimoto, Miyake (bib20) 2012; 15
den Dekker, Cheng, Pasterkamp, Duckers (bib16) 2010; 209
Björkbacka, Kunjathoor, Moore, Koehn, Ordija, Lee, Means, Halmen, Luster, Golenbock, Freeman (bib4) 2004; 10
Samuel, Shulman (bib74) 2012; 148
Nicholson, Holmes, Kinross, Burcelin, Gibson, Jia, Pettersson (bib60) 2012; 336
Zhao, Hu, Zhou, Purohit, Hwang (bib106) 2011; 301
Ehses, Meier, Wueest, Rytka, Boller, Wielinga, Schraenen, Lemaire, Debray, Van Lommel (bib22) 2010; 53
Tanti, Ceppo, Jager, Berthou (bib88) 2012; 3
Schertzer, Tamrakar, Magalhães, Pereira, Bilan, Fullerton, Liu, Steinberg, Giacca, Philpott, Klip (bib76) 2011; 60
Sabio, Cavanagh-Kyros, Barrett, Jung, Ko, Ong, Morel, Mora, Reilly, Kim, Davis (bib73) 2010; 24
Tsukumo, Carvalho-Filho, Carvalheira, Prada, Hirabara, Schenka, Araújo, Vassallo, Curi, Velloso, Saad (bib90) 2007; 56
West, Malinin, Merkulova, Tischenko, Kerr, Borden, Podrez, Salomon, Byzova (bib100) 2010; 467
Michelsen, Wong, Shah, Zhang, Yano, Doherty, Akira, Rajavashisth, Arditi (bib53) 2004; 101
Vladimer, Weng, Paquette, Vanaja, Rathinam, Aune, Conlon, Burbage, Proulx, Liu (bib97) 2012; 37
Turnbaugh, Hamady, Yatsunenko, Cantarel, Duncan, Ley, Sogin, Jones, Roe, Affourtit (bib92) 2009; 457
Furet, Kong, Tap, Poitou, Basdevant, Bouillot, Mariat, Corthier, Doré, Henegar (bib27) 2010; 59
Duewell (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib19) 2010; 464
Winer (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib101) 2009; 15
Holland (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib36) 2011; 121
DeFuria (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib14) 2013; 110
Coenen (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib10) 2009; 52
Caricilli (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib7) 2008; 199
Turnbaugh (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib92) 2009; 457
Mullick (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib57) 2005; 115
Rivera (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib70) 2007; 47
Osborn (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib63) 2008; 138
Jin (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib38) 2010; 30
Suganami (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib85) 2007; 354
Biswas (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib3) 2013; 25
Greiner (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib30) 2011; 22
Miele (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib54) 2009; 49
Henao-Mejia (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib34) 2012; 482
Schroder (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib77) 2010; 140
Seimon (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib78) 2010; 12
Netea (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib58) 2006; 12
Pussinen (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib68) 2011; 34
Li (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib47) 2011; 54
Pal (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib64) 2012
Radin (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib69) 2008; 51
Takeuchi (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib86) 2010; 140
Zhou (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib107) 2010; 11
Himes (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib35) 2010; 24
Clarke (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib9) 2010; 16
Orr (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib62) 2012; 61
Elinav (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib23) 2011; 145
Sabio (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib73) 2010; 24
Poggi (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib65) 2007; 50
Stienstra (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib83) 2010; 12
Jiang (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib37) 2012; 425
Michelsen (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib53) 2004; 101
Tsukumo (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib90) 2007; 56
Cani (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib6) 2007; 56
Senn (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib79) 2006; 281
Belgardt (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib2) 2010; 107
Dahlöf (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib12) 2010; 105
Zhang (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib105) 2008; 135
Weisberg (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib98) 2006; 116
Harte (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib33) 2012; 35
Schertzer (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib76) 2011; 60
Menu (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib52) 2011; 2
Madan (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib50) 2008; 3
Winer (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib102) 2011; 17
Liu (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib48) 2009; 15
Sourianarayanane (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib82) 2012
Presta (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib66) 2009; 19
Samuel (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib74) 2012; 148
Hansson (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib32) 2011; 12
Vijay-Kumar (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib95) 2010; 328
Tamrakar (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib87) 2010; 151
Kawai (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib40) 2010; 11
Vandanmagsar (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib94) 2011; 17
Tanti (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib88) 2012; 3
Lundberg (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib49) 2013
10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib103
Larsen (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib46) 2010; 5
Turnbaugh (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib91) 2006; 444
Vladimer (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib97) 2012; 37
Kleinridders (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib42) 2009; 10
Saberi (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib72) 2009; 10
Wen (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib99) 2011; 12
Kuo (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib44) 2011; 54
Gage (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib28) 2012; 28
Kanda (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib39) 2006; 116
De Nardo (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib15) 2011; 32
Csak (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib11) 2011; 54
Zhao (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib106) 2011; 301
Milanski (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib55) 2009; 29
Ehses (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib22) 2010; 53
den Dekker (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib16) 2010; 209
Hanisch (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib31) 2008; 31
Strandberg (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib84) 2006; 91
Davis (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib13) 2008; 16
Ehses (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib21) 2009; 106
Nicholson (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib60) 2012; 336
Kim (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib41) 2007; 100
Nguyen (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib59) 2007; 282
Miura (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib56) 2010; 139
Caricilli (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib8) 2011; 9
Amar (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib1) 2011; 3
Purohit (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib67) 2012
Nishimura (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib61) 2009; 15
Sanyal (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib75) 2001; 120
Björkbacka (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib4) 2004; 10
Wu (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib104) 2011; 332
Feuerer (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib24) 2009; 15
Fève (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib25) 2009; 5
Trøseid (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib89) 2010; 9
Shi (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib81) 2006; 116
Donath (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib18) 2011; 11
Könner (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib43) 2011; 22
Lamkanfi (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib45) 2012; 28
Boaru (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib5) 2012; 9
Serfaty (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib80) 2008; 34
Furet (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib27) 2010; 59
Vives-Pi (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib96) 2003; 133
Usui (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib93) 2012; 425
West (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib100) 2010; 467
Masters (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib51) 2010; 11
Roncon-Albuquerque (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib71) 2008; 83
Gregor (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib29) 2011; 29
Eguchi (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib20) 2012; 15
Fischer (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib26) 2007; 9
Ding (10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib17) 2012; 32
References_xml – volume: 15
  start-page: 921
  year: 2009
  end-page: 929
  ident: bib101
  article-title: Normalization of obesity-associated insulin resistance through immunotherapy
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 10
  start-page: 416
  year: 2004
  end-page: 421
  ident: bib4
  article-title: Reduced atherosclerosis in MyD88-null mice links elevated serum cholesterol levels to activation of innate immunity signaling pathways
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 35
  start-page: 375
  year: 2012
  end-page: 382
  ident: bib33
  article-title: High fat intake leads to acute postprandial exposure to circulating endotoxin in type 2 diabetic subjects
  publication-title: Diabetes Care
– volume: 11
  start-page: 98
  year: 2011
  end-page: 107
  ident: bib18
  article-title: Type 2 diabetes as an inflammatory disease
  publication-title: Nat. Rev. Immunol.
– volume: 19
  start-page: e5
  year: 2009
  end-page: e6
  ident: bib66
  article-title: IL-18 gene polymorphism and metabolic syndrome
  publication-title: Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis.
– volume: 328
  start-page: 228
  year: 2010
  end-page: 231
  ident: bib95
  article-title: Metabolic syndrome and altered gut microbiota in mice lacking Toll-like receptor 5
  publication-title: Science
– volume: 10
  start-page: 419
  year: 2009
  end-page: 429
  ident: bib72
  article-title: Hematopoietic cell-specific deletion of toll-like receptor 4 ameliorates hepatic and adipose tissue insulin resistance in high-fat-fed mice
  publication-title: Cell Metab.
– volume: 34
  start-page: 392
  year: 2011
  end-page: 397
  ident: bib68
  article-title: Endotoxemia is associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes
  publication-title: Diabetes Care
– volume: 133
  start-page: 208
  year: 2003
  end-page: 218
  ident: bib96
  article-title: Evidence of expression of endotoxin receptors CD14, toll-like receptors TLR4 and TLR2 and associated molecule MD-2 and of sensitivity to endotoxin (LPS) in islet beta cells
  publication-title: Clin. Exp. Immunol.
– volume: 138
  start-page: 665
  year: 2008
  end-page: 673
  ident: bib63
  article-title: Insights into the roles of the inflammatory mediators IL-1, IL-18 and PGE2 in obesity and insulin resistance
  publication-title: Swiss Med. Wkly.
– volume: 24
  start-page: 256
  year: 2010
  end-page: 264
  ident: bib73
  article-title: Role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in metabolic regulation by JNK1
  publication-title: Genes Dev.
– volume: 54
  start-page: 168
  year: 2011
  end-page: 179
  ident: bib44
  article-title: Toll-like receptor 2 deficiency improves insulin sensitivity and hepatic insulin signalling in the mouse
  publication-title: Diabetologia
– volume: 52
  start-page: 318
  year: 2009
  end-page: 328
  ident: bib10
  article-title: Impact of macrophage toll-like receptor 4 deficiency on macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue and the artery wall in mice
  publication-title: Diabetologia
– volume: 16
  start-page: 228
  year: 2010
  end-page: 231
  ident: bib9
  article-title: Recognition of peptidoglycan from the microbiota by Nod1 enhances systemic innate immunity
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 49
  year: 2012
  ident: bib5
  article-title: Expression analysis of inflammasomes in experimental models of inflammatory and fibrotic liver disease
  publication-title: J. Inflamm. (Lond.)
– volume: 5
  start-page: e9085
  year: 2010
  ident: bib46
  article-title: Gut microbiota in human adults with type 2 diabetes differs from non-diabetic adults
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
– volume: 34
  start-page: 634
  year: 2008
  end-page: 637
  ident: bib80
  article-title: Definition and natural history of metabolic steatosis: clinical aspects of NAFLD, NASH and cirrhosis
  publication-title: Diabetes Metab.
– volume: 61
  start-page: 2718
  year: 2012
  end-page: 2727
  ident: bib62
  article-title: Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency promotes the alternative activation of adipose tissue macrophages
  publication-title: Diabetes
– reference: World Health Organization. (2013). Fact sheets.
– volume: 24
  start-page: 731
  year: 2010
  end-page: 739
  ident: bib35
  article-title: Tlr2 is critical for diet-induced metabolic syndrome in a murine model
  publication-title: FASEB J.
– volume: 28
  start-page: 222
  year: 2012
  end-page: 229
  ident: bib28
  article-title: Caspase-1 deficiency decreases atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-null mice
  publication-title: Can. J. Cardiol.
– year: 2012
  ident: bib64
  article-title: Fetuin-A acts as an endogenous ligand of TLR4 to promote lipid-induced insulin resistance
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 120
  start-page: 1183
  year: 2001
  end-page: 1192
  ident: bib75
  article-title: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: association of insulin resistance and mitochondrial abnormalities
  publication-title: Gastroenterology
– volume: 107
  start-page: 6028
  year: 2010
  end-page: 6033
  ident: bib2
  article-title: Hypothalamic and pituitary c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 signaling coordinately regulates glucose metabolism
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
– volume: 116
  start-page: 3015
  year: 2006
  end-page: 3025
  ident: bib81
  article-title: TLR4 links innate immunity and fatty acid-induced insulin resistance
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
– volume: 9
  start-page: e1001212
  year: 2011
  ident: bib8
  article-title: Gut microbiota is a key modulator of insulin resistance in TLR 2 knockout mice
  publication-title: PLoS Biol.
– volume: 12
  start-page: 593
  year: 2010
  end-page: 605
  ident: bib83
  article-title: The inflammasome-mediated caspase-1 activation controls adipocyte differentiation and insulin sensitivity
  publication-title: Cell Metab.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 1239
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1251
  ident: bib26
  article-title: Ceramide as a TLR4 agonist; a putative signalling intermediate between sphingolipid receptors for microbial ligands and TLR4
  publication-title: Cell. Microbiol.
– volume: 28
  start-page: 137
  year: 2012
  end-page: 161
  ident: bib45
  article-title: Inflammasomes and their roles in health and disease
  publication-title: Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol.
– volume: 151
  start-page: 5624
  year: 2010
  end-page: 5637
  ident: bib87
  article-title: NOD2 activation induces muscle cell-autonomous innate immune responses and insulin resistance
  publication-title: Endocrinology
– volume: 17
  start-page: 610
  year: 2011
  end-page: 617
  ident: bib102
  article-title: B cells promote insulin resistance through modulation of T cells and production of pathogenic IgG antibodies
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 135
  start-page: 61
  year: 2008
  end-page: 73
  ident: bib105
  article-title: Hypothalamic IKKbeta/NF-kappaB and ER stress link overnutrition to energy imbalance and obesity
  publication-title: Cell
– volume: 25
  start-page: 207
  year: 2013
  end-page: 214
  ident: bib3
  article-title: Regulation of intestinal microbiota by the NLR protein family
  publication-title: Int. Immunol.
– volume: 140
  start-page: 821
  year: 2010
  end-page: 832
  ident: bib77
  article-title: The inflammasomes
  publication-title: Cell
– volume: 47
  start-page: 571
  year: 2007
  end-page: 579
  ident: bib70
  article-title: Toll-like receptor-4 signaling and Kupffer cells play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
  publication-title: J. Hepatol.
– volume: 3
  start-page: 559
  year: 2011
  end-page: 572
  ident: bib1
  article-title: Intestinal mucosal adherence and translocation of commensal bacteria at the early onset of type 2 diabetes: molecular mechanisms and probiotic treatment
  publication-title: EMBO Mol. Med.
– volume: 336
  start-page: 1262
  year: 2012
  end-page: 1267
  ident: bib60
  article-title: Host-gut microbiota metabolic interactions
  publication-title: Science
– volume: 148
  start-page: 852
  year: 2012
  end-page: 871
  ident: bib74
  article-title: Mechanisms for insulin resistance: common threads and missing links
  publication-title: Cell
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1267
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1276
  ident: bib65
  article-title: C3H/HeJ mice carrying a toll-like receptor 4 mutation are protected against the development of insulin resistance in white adipose tissue in response to a high-fat diet
  publication-title: Diabetologia
– year: 2013
  ident: bib49
  article-title: Toll-like receptor 3 and 4 signalling through the TRIF and TRAM adaptors in haematopoietic cells promotes atherosclerosis
  publication-title: Cardiovasc. Res.
– volume: 282
  start-page: 35279
  year: 2007
  end-page: 35292
  ident: bib59
  article-title: A subpopulation of macrophages infiltrates hypertrophic adipose tissue and is activated by free fatty acids via Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and JNK-dependent pathways
  publication-title: J. Biol. Chem.
– volume: 15
  start-page: 518
  year: 2012
  end-page: 533
  ident: bib20
  article-title: Saturated fatty acid and TLR signaling link β cell dysfunction and islet inflammation
  publication-title: Cell Metab.
– volume: 110
  start-page: 5133
  year: 2013
  end-page: 5138
  ident: bib14
  article-title: B cells promote inflammation in obesity and type 2 diabetes through regulation of T-cell function and an inflammatory cytokine profile
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
– volume: 209
  start-page: 314
  year: 2010
  end-page: 320
  ident: bib16
  article-title: Toll like receptor 4 in atherosclerosis and plaque destabilization
  publication-title: Atherosclerosis
– volume: 457
  start-page: 480
  year: 2009
  end-page: 484
  ident: bib92
  article-title: A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins
  publication-title: Nature
– volume: 425
  start-page: 121
  year: 2012
  end-page: 126
  ident: bib37
  article-title: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein induces secretion of interleukin-1β by macrophages via reactive oxygen species-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome activation
  publication-title: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
– volume: 425
  start-page: 162
  year: 2012
  end-page: 168
  ident: bib93
  article-title: Critical role of caspase-1 in vascular inflammation and development of atherosclerosis in Western diet-fed apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
  publication-title: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
– volume: 15
  start-page: 940
  year: 2009
  end-page: 945
  ident: bib48
  article-title: Genetic deficiency and pharmacological stabilization of mast cells reduce diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 12
  start-page: 650
  year: 2006
  end-page: 656
  ident: bib58
  article-title: Deficiency of interleukin-18 in mice leads to hyperphagia, obesity and insulin resistance
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 56
  start-page: 1761
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1772
  ident: bib6
  article-title: Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance
  publication-title: Diabetes
– volume: 10
  start-page: 249
  year: 2009
  end-page: 259
  ident: bib42
  article-title: MyD88 signaling in the CNS is required for development of fatty acid-induced leptin resistance and diet-induced obesity
  publication-title: Cell Metab.
– volume: 332
  start-page: 243
  year: 2011
  end-page: 247
  ident: bib104
  article-title: Eosinophils sustain adipose alternatively activated macrophages associated with glucose homeostasis
  publication-title: Science
– volume: 464
  start-page: 1357
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1361
  ident: bib19
  article-title: NLRP3 inflammasomes are required for atherogenesis and activated by cholesterol crystals
  publication-title: Nature
– volume: 32
  start-page: 1596
  year: 2012
  end-page: 1604
  ident: bib17
  article-title: Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency decreases atherosclerosis but does not protect against inflammation in obese low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice
  publication-title: Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.
– volume: 29
  start-page: 415
  year: 2011
  end-page: 445
  ident: bib29
  article-title: Inflammatory mechanisms in obesity
  publication-title: Annu. Rev. Immunol.
– volume: 29
  start-page: 359
  year: 2009
  end-page: 370
  ident: bib55
  article-title: Saturated fatty acids produce an inflammatory response predominantly through the activation of TLR4 signaling in hypothalamus: implications for the pathogenesis of obesity
  publication-title: J. Neurosci.
– volume: 121
  start-page: 1858
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1870
  ident: bib36
  article-title: Lipid-induced insulin resistance mediated by the proinflammatory receptor TLR4 requires saturated fatty acid-induced ceramide biosynthesis in mice
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
– volume: 145
  start-page: 745
  year: 2011
  end-page: 757
  ident: bib23
  article-title: NLRP6 inflammasome regulates colonic microbial ecology and risk for colitis
  publication-title: Cell
– volume: 140
  start-page: 805
  year: 2010
  end-page: 820
  ident: bib86
  article-title: Pattern recognition receptors and inflammation
  publication-title: Cell
– volume: 139
  start-page: 323
  year: 2010
  end-page: 334
  ident: bib56
  article-title: Toll-like receptor 9 promotes steatohepatitis by induction of interleukin-1beta in mice
  publication-title: Gastroenterology
– volume: 54
  start-page: 1620
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1630
  ident: bib47
  article-title: Nuclear factor high-mobility group box1 mediating the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in hepatocytes in the early stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice
  publication-title: Hepatology
– volume: 105
  start-page: 3A
  year: 2010
  end-page: 9A
  ident: bib12
  article-title: Cardiovascular disease risk factors: epidemiology and risk assessment
  publication-title: Am. J. Cardiol.
– volume: 56
  start-page: 1986
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1998
  ident: bib90
  article-title: Loss-of-function mutation in Toll-like receptor 4 prevents diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance
  publication-title: Diabetes
– volume: 482
  start-page: 179
  year: 2012
  end-page: 185
  ident: bib34
  article-title: Inflammasome-mediated dysbiosis regulates progression of NAFLD and obesity
  publication-title: Nature
– volume: 16
  start-page: 1248
  year: 2008
  end-page: 1255
  ident: bib13
  article-title: Tlr-4 deficiency selectively protects against obesity induced by diets high in saturated fat
  publication-title: Obesity (Silver Spring)
– volume: 15
  start-page: 930
  year: 2009
  end-page: 939
  ident: bib24
  article-title: Lean, but not obese, fat is enriched for a unique population of regulatory T cells that affect metabolic parameters
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 301
  start-page: E587
  year: 2011
  end-page: E598
  ident: bib106
  article-title: NOD1 activation induces proinflammatory gene expression and insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
  publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.
– volume: 3
  start-page: 181
  year: 2012
  ident: bib88
  article-title: Implication of inflammatory signaling pathways in obesity-induced insulin resistance
  publication-title: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
– volume: 116
  start-page: 115
  year: 2006
  end-page: 124
  ident: bib98
  article-title: CCR2 modulates inflammatory and metabolic effects of high-fat feeding
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
– volume: 11
  start-page: 136
  year: 2010
  end-page: 140
  ident: bib107
  article-title: Thioredoxin-interacting protein links oxidative stress to inflammasome activation
  publication-title: Nat. Immunol.
– volume: 22
  start-page: 117
  year: 2011
  end-page: 123
  ident: bib30
  article-title: Effects of the gut microbiota on obesity and glucose homeostasis
  publication-title: Trends Endocrinol. Metab.
– volume: 22
  start-page: 16
  year: 2011
  end-page: 23
  ident: bib43
  article-title: Toll-like receptors: linking inflammation to metabolism
  publication-title: Trends Endocrinol. Metab.
– volume: 31
  start-page: 176
  year: 2008
  end-page: 182
  ident: bib31
  article-title: Toll-like receptors: roles in neuroprotection?
  publication-title: Trends Neurosci.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 11
  year: 2010
  ident: bib89
  article-title: The role of interleukin-18 in the metabolic syndrome
  publication-title: Cardiovasc. Diabetol.
– volume: 59
  start-page: 3049
  year: 2010
  end-page: 3057
  ident: bib27
  article-title: Differential adaptation of human gut microbiota to bariatric surgery-induced weight loss: links with metabolic and low-grade inflammation markers
  publication-title: Diabetes
– volume: 444
  start-page: 1027
  year: 2006
  end-page: 1031
  ident: bib91
  article-title: An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest
  publication-title: Nature
– volume: 5
  start-page: 305
  year: 2009
  end-page: 311
  ident: bib25
  article-title: The role of interleukins in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus
  publication-title: Nat. Rev. Endocrinol.
– volume: 30
  start-page: 628
  year: 2010
  end-page: 631
  ident: bib38
  article-title: Molecular mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome activation
  publication-title: J. Clin. Immunol.
– volume: 60
  start-page: 2206
  year: 2011
  end-page: 2215
  ident: bib76
  article-title: NOD1 activators link innate immunity to insulin resistance
  publication-title: Diabetes
– volume: 116
  start-page: 1494
  year: 2006
  end-page: 1505
  ident: bib39
  article-title: MCP-1 contributes to macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in obesity
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
– volume: 100
  start-page: 1589
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1596
  ident: bib41
  article-title: Toll-like receptor-4 mediates vascular inflammation and insulin resistance in diet-induced obesity
  publication-title: Circ. Res.
– volume: 32
  start-page: 373
  year: 2011
  end-page: 379
  ident: bib15
  article-title: NLRP3 inflammasomes link inflammation and metabolic disease
  publication-title: Trends Immunol.
– volume: 354
  start-page: 45
  year: 2007
  end-page: 49
  ident: bib85
  article-title: Attenuation of obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation in C3H/HeJ mice carrying a Toll-like receptor 4 mutation
  publication-title: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
– volume: 115
  start-page: 3149
  year: 2005
  end-page: 3156
  ident: bib57
  article-title: Modulation of atherosclerosis in mice by Toll-like receptor 2
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
– volume: 54
  start-page: 133
  year: 2011
  end-page: 144
  ident: bib11
  article-title: Fatty acid and endotoxin activate inflammasomes in mouse hepatocytes that release danger signals to stimulate immune cells
  publication-title: Hepatology
– volume: 15
  start-page: 914
  year: 2009
  end-page: 920
  ident: bib61
  article-title: CD8+ effector T cells contribute to macrophage recruitment and adipose tissue inflammation in obesity
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 11
  start-page: 897
  year: 2010
  end-page: 904
  ident: bib51
  article-title: Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by islet amyloid polypeptide provides a mechanism for enhanced IL-1β in type 2 diabetes
  publication-title: Nat. Immunol.
– volume: 2
  start-page: e137
  year: 2011
  ident: bib52
  article-title: Atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice progresses independently of the NLRP3 inflammasome
  publication-title: Cell Death Dis.
– volume: 12
  start-page: 408
  year: 2011
  end-page: 415
  ident: bib99
  article-title: Fatty acid-induced NLRP3-ASC inflammasome activation interferes with insulin signaling
  publication-title: Nat. Immunol.
– volume: 12
  start-page: 467
  year: 2010
  end-page: 482
  ident: bib78
  article-title: Atherogenic lipids and lipoproteins trigger CD36-TLR2-dependent apoptosis in macrophages undergoing endoplasmic reticulum stress
  publication-title: Cell Metab.
– volume: 281
  start-page: 26865
  year: 2006
  end-page: 26875
  ident: bib79
  article-title: Toll-like receptor-2 is essential for the development of palmitate-induced insulin resistance in myotubes
  publication-title: J. Biol. Chem.
– volume: 91
  start-page: 2749
  year: 2006
  end-page: 2754
  ident: bib84
  article-title: Interleukin-1 system gene polymorphisms are associated with fat mass in young men
  publication-title: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
– volume: 3
  start-page: e3204
  year: 2008
  ident: bib50
  article-title: Toll-like receptor-2 mediates diet and/or pathogen associated atherosclerosis: proteomic findings
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
– volume: 53
  start-page: 1795
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1806
  ident: bib22
  article-title: Toll-like receptor 2-deficient mice are protected from insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction induced by a high-fat diet
  publication-title: Diabetologia
– volume: 83
  start-page: 502
  year: 2008
  end-page: 510
  ident: bib71
  article-title: Attenuation of the cardiovascular and metabolic complications of obesity in CD14 knockout mice
  publication-title: Life Sci.
– volume: 17
  start-page: 179
  year: 2011
  end-page: 188
  ident: bib94
  article-title: The NLRP3 inflammasome instigates obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 199
  start-page: 399
  year: 2008
  end-page: 406
  ident: bib7
  article-title: Inhibition of toll-like receptor 2 expression improves insulin sensitivity and signaling in muscle and white adipose tissue of mice fed a high-fat diet
  publication-title: J. Endocrinol.
– volume: 101
  start-page: 10679
  year: 2004
  end-page: 10684
  ident: bib53
  article-title: Lack of Toll-like receptor 4 or myeloid differentiation factor 88 reduces atherosclerosis and alters plaque phenotype in mice deficient in apolipoprotein E
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
– volume: 51
  start-page: 336
  year: 2008
  end-page: 346
  ident: bib69
  article-title: Inhibition or deletion of the lipopolysaccharide receptor Toll-like receptor-4 confers partial protection against lipid-induced insulin resistance in rodent skeletal muscle
  publication-title: Diabetologia
– reference: .
– year: 2012
  ident: bib67
  article-title: The effects of NOD activation on adipocyte differentiation
  publication-title: Obesity (Silver Spring)
– volume: 37
  start-page: 96
  year: 2012
  end-page: 107
  ident: bib97
  article-title: The NLRP12 inflammasome recognizes Yersinia pestis
  publication-title: Immunity
– volume: 49
  start-page: 1877
  year: 2009
  end-page: 1887
  ident: bib54
  article-title: Increased intestinal permeability and tight junction alterations in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
  publication-title: Hepatology
– year: 2012
  ident: bib82
  article-title: Risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
  publication-title: J. Crohns Colitis
– volume: 106
  start-page: 13998
  year: 2009
  end-page: 14003
  ident: bib21
  article-title: IL-1 antagonism reduces hyperglycemia and tissue inflammation in the type 2 diabetic GK rat
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
– volume: 11
  start-page: 373
  year: 2010
  end-page: 384
  ident: bib40
  article-title: The role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity: update on Toll-like receptors
  publication-title: Nat. Immunol.
– volume: 12
  start-page: 204
  year: 2011
  end-page: 212
  ident: bib32
  article-title: The immune system in atherosclerosis
  publication-title: Nat. Immunol.
– volume: 467
  start-page: 972
  year: 2010
  end-page: 976
  ident: bib100
  article-title: Oxidative stress induces angiogenesis by activating TLR2 with novel endogenous ligands
  publication-title: Nature
– volume: 148
  start-page: 852
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib74
  article-title: Mechanisms for insulin resistance: common threads and missing links
  publication-title: Cell
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.02.017
– volume: 5
  start-page: e9085
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib46
  article-title: Gut microbiota in human adults with type 2 diabetes differs from non-diabetic adults
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009085
– volume: 115
  start-page: 3149
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib57
  article-title: Modulation of atherosclerosis in mice by Toll-like receptor 2
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
  doi: 10.1172/JCI25482
– volume: 31
  start-page: 176
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib31
  article-title: Toll-like receptors: roles in neuroprotection?
  publication-title: Trends Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2008.01.005
– volume: 61
  start-page: 2718
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib62
  article-title: Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency promotes the alternative activation of adipose tissue macrophages
  publication-title: Diabetes
  doi: 10.2337/db11-1595
– volume: 11
  start-page: 98
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib18
  article-title: Type 2 diabetes as an inflammatory disease
  publication-title: Nat. Rev. Immunol.
  doi: 10.1038/nri2925
– volume: 107
  start-page: 6028
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib2
  article-title: Hypothalamic and pituitary c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 signaling coordinately regulates glucose metabolism
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1001796107
– volume: 105
  start-page: 3A
  issue: 1, Suppl
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib12
  article-title: Cardiovascular disease risk factors: epidemiology and risk assessment
  publication-title: Am. J. Cardiol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.10.007
– year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib82
  article-title: Risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
  publication-title: J. Crohns Colitis
– volume: 19
  start-page: e5
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib66
  article-title: IL-18 gene polymorphism and metabolic syndrome
  publication-title: Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis.
  doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2008.10.002
– volume: 56
  start-page: 1986
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib90
  article-title: Loss-of-function mutation in Toll-like receptor 4 prevents diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance
  publication-title: Diabetes
  doi: 10.2337/db06-1595
– volume: 17
  start-page: 179
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib94
  article-title: The NLRP3 inflammasome instigates obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
  doi: 10.1038/nm.2279
– volume: 28
  start-page: 137
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib45
  article-title: Inflammasomes and their roles in health and disease
  publication-title: Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol.
  doi: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155745
– volume: 54
  start-page: 133
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib11
  article-title: Fatty acid and endotoxin activate inflammasomes in mouse hepatocytes that release danger signals to stimulate immune cells
  publication-title: Hepatology
  doi: 10.1002/hep.24341
– year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib49
  article-title: Toll-like receptor 3 and 4 signalling through the TRIF and TRAM adaptors in haematopoietic cells promotes atherosclerosis
  publication-title: Cardiovasc. Res.
  doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvt033
– volume: 209
  start-page: 314
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib16
  article-title: Toll like receptor 4 in atherosclerosis and plaque destabilization
  publication-title: Atherosclerosis
  doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.09.075
– volume: 12
  start-page: 650
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib58
  article-title: Deficiency of interleukin-18 in mice leads to hyperphagia, obesity and insulin resistance
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
  doi: 10.1038/nm1415
– volume: 24
  start-page: 731
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib35
  article-title: Tlr2 is critical for diet-induced metabolic syndrome in a murine model
  publication-title: FASEB J.
  doi: 10.1096/fj.09-141929
– volume: 12
  start-page: 408
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib99
  article-title: Fatty acid-induced NLRP3-ASC inflammasome activation interferes with insulin signaling
  publication-title: Nat. Immunol.
  doi: 10.1038/ni.2022
– volume: 116
  start-page: 1494
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib39
  article-title: MCP-1 contributes to macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in obesity
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
  doi: 10.1172/JCI26498
– volume: 16
  start-page: 228
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib9
  article-title: Recognition of peptidoglycan from the microbiota by Nod1 enhances systemic innate immunity
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
  doi: 10.1038/nm.2087
– volume: 22
  start-page: 117
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib30
  article-title: Effects of the gut microbiota on obesity and glucose homeostasis
  publication-title: Trends Endocrinol. Metab.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2011.01.002
– volume: 11
  start-page: 897
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib51
  article-title: Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by islet amyloid polypeptide provides a mechanism for enhanced IL-1β in type 2 diabetes
  publication-title: Nat. Immunol.
  doi: 10.1038/ni.1935
– volume: 2
  start-page: e137
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib52
  article-title: Atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice progresses independently of the NLRP3 inflammasome
  publication-title: Cell Death Dis.
  doi: 10.1038/cddis.2011.18
– volume: 10
  start-page: 249
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib42
  article-title: MyD88 signaling in the CNS is required for development of fatty acid-induced leptin resistance and diet-induced obesity
  publication-title: Cell Metab.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2009.08.013
– volume: 12
  start-page: 204
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib32
  article-title: The immune system in atherosclerosis
  publication-title: Nat. Immunol.
  doi: 10.1038/ni.2001
– volume: 30
  start-page: 628
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib38
  article-title: Molecular mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome activation
  publication-title: J. Clin. Immunol.
  doi: 10.1007/s10875-010-9440-3
– volume: 3
  start-page: 181
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib88
  article-title: Implication of inflammatory signaling pathways in obesity-induced insulin resistance
  publication-title: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
– volume: 332
  start-page: 243
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib104
  article-title: Eosinophils sustain adipose alternatively activated macrophages associated with glucose homeostasis
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1201475
– volume: 34
  start-page: 634
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib80
  article-title: Definition and natural history of metabolic steatosis: clinical aspects of NAFLD, NASH and cirrhosis
  publication-title: Diabetes Metab.
  doi: 10.1016/S1262-3636(08)74597-X
– volume: 16
  start-page: 1248
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib13
  article-title: Tlr-4 deficiency selectively protects against obesity induced by diets high in saturated fat
  publication-title: Obesity (Silver Spring)
  doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.210
– volume: 9
  start-page: 11
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib89
  article-title: The role of interleukin-18 in the metabolic syndrome
  publication-title: Cardiovasc. Diabetol.
  doi: 10.1186/1475-2840-9-11
– volume: 135
  start-page: 61
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib105
  article-title: Hypothalamic IKKbeta/NF-kappaB and ER stress link overnutrition to energy imbalance and obesity
  publication-title: Cell
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.043
– volume: 29
  start-page: 359
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib55
  article-title: Saturated fatty acids produce an inflammatory response predominantly through the activation of TLR4 signaling in hypothalamus: implications for the pathogenesis of obesity
  publication-title: J. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2760-08.2009
– volume: 106
  start-page: 13998
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib21
  article-title: IL-1 antagonism reduces hyperglycemia and tissue inflammation in the type 2 diabetic GK rat
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.0810087106
– volume: 51
  start-page: 336
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib69
  article-title: Inhibition or deletion of the lipopolysaccharide receptor Toll-like receptor-4 confers partial protection against lipid-induced insulin resistance in rodent skeletal muscle
  publication-title: Diabetologia
  doi: 10.1007/s00125-007-0861-3
– volume: 12
  start-page: 593
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib83
  article-title: The inflammasome-mediated caspase-1 activation controls adipocyte differentiation and insulin sensitivity
  publication-title: Cell Metab.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2010.11.011
– volume: 151
  start-page: 5624
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib87
  article-title: NOD2 activation induces muscle cell-autonomous innate immune responses and insulin resistance
  publication-title: Endocrinology
  doi: 10.1210/en.2010-0437
– volume: 9
  start-page: e1001212
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib8
  article-title: Gut microbiota is a key modulator of insulin resistance in TLR 2 knockout mice
  publication-title: PLoS Biol.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001212
– volume: 47
  start-page: 571
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib70
  article-title: Toll-like receptor-4 signaling and Kupffer cells play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
  publication-title: J. Hepatol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2007.04.019
– volume: 328
  start-page: 228
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib95
  article-title: Metabolic syndrome and altered gut microbiota in mice lacking Toll-like receptor 5
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1179721
– volume: 116
  start-page: 3015
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib81
  article-title: TLR4 links innate immunity and fatty acid-induced insulin resistance
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
  doi: 10.1172/JCI28898
– volume: 120
  start-page: 1183
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib75
  article-title: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: association of insulin resistance and mitochondrial abnormalities
  publication-title: Gastroenterology
  doi: 10.1053/gast.2001.23256
– volume: 34
  start-page: 392
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib68
  article-title: Endotoxemia is associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes
  publication-title: Diabetes Care
  doi: 10.2337/dc10-1676
– volume: 54
  start-page: 168
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib44
  article-title: Toll-like receptor 2 deficiency improves insulin sensitivity and hepatic insulin signalling in the mouse
  publication-title: Diabetologia
  doi: 10.1007/s00125-010-1931-5
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1267
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib65
  article-title: C3H/HeJ mice carrying a toll-like receptor 4 mutation are protected against the development of insulin resistance in white adipose tissue in response to a high-fat diet
  publication-title: Diabetologia
  doi: 10.1007/s00125-007-0654-8
– volume: 282
  start-page: 35279
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib59
  article-title: A subpopulation of macrophages infiltrates hypertrophic adipose tissue and is activated by free fatty acids via Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and JNK-dependent pathways
  publication-title: J. Biol. Chem.
  doi: 10.1074/jbc.M706762200
– volume: 457
  start-page: 480
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib92
  article-title: A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature07540
– volume: 11
  start-page: 373
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib40
  article-title: The role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity: update on Toll-like receptors
  publication-title: Nat. Immunol.
  doi: 10.1038/ni.1863
– volume: 199
  start-page: 399
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib7
  article-title: Inhibition of toll-like receptor 2 expression improves insulin sensitivity and signaling in muscle and white adipose tissue of mice fed a high-fat diet
  publication-title: J. Endocrinol.
  doi: 10.1677/JOE-08-0354
– volume: 15
  start-page: 914
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib61
  article-title: CD8+ effector T cells contribute to macrophage recruitment and adipose tissue inflammation in obesity
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
  doi: 10.1038/nm.1964
– volume: 139
  start-page: 323
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib56
  article-title: Toll-like receptor 9 promotes steatohepatitis by induction of interleukin-1beta in mice
  publication-title: Gastroenterology
  doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.03.052
– volume: 56
  start-page: 1761
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib6
  article-title: Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance
  publication-title: Diabetes
  doi: 10.2337/db06-1491
– volume: 110
  start-page: 5133
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib14
  article-title: B cells promote inflammation in obesity and type 2 diabetes through regulation of T-cell function and an inflammatory cytokine profile
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1215840110
– volume: 425
  start-page: 162
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib93
  article-title: Critical role of caspase-1 in vascular inflammation and development of atherosclerosis in Western diet-fed apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
  publication-title: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
  doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.07.058
– volume: 121
  start-page: 1858
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib36
  article-title: Lipid-induced insulin resistance mediated by the proinflammatory receptor TLR4 requires saturated fatty acid-induced ceramide biosynthesis in mice
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
  doi: 10.1172/JCI43378
– volume: 101
  start-page: 10679
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib53
  article-title: Lack of Toll-like receptor 4 or myeloid differentiation factor 88 reduces atherosclerosis and alters plaque phenotype in mice deficient in apolipoprotein E
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.0403249101
– volume: 54
  start-page: 1620
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib47
  article-title: Nuclear factor high-mobility group box1 mediating the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in hepatocytes in the early stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice
  publication-title: Hepatology
  doi: 10.1002/hep.24552
– volume: 140
  start-page: 805
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib86
  article-title: Pattern recognition receptors and inflammation
  publication-title: Cell
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.01.022
– volume: 17
  start-page: 610
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib102
  article-title: B cells promote insulin resistance through modulation of T cells and production of pathogenic IgG antibodies
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
  doi: 10.1038/nm.2353
– year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib64
  article-title: Fetuin-A acts as an endogenous ligand of TLR4 to promote lipid-induced insulin resistance
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
  doi: 10.1038/nm.2851
– volume: 9
  start-page: 49
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib5
  article-title: Expression analysis of inflammasomes in experimental models of inflammatory and fibrotic liver disease
  publication-title: J. Inflamm. (Lond.)
  doi: 10.1186/1476-9255-9-49
– volume: 32
  start-page: 1596
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib17
  article-title: Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency decreases atherosclerosis but does not protect against inflammation in obese low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice
  publication-title: Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.
  doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.249847
– volume: 25
  start-page: 207
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib3
  article-title: Regulation of intestinal microbiota by the NLR protein family
  publication-title: Int. Immunol.
  doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxs116
– volume: 3
  start-page: 559
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib1
  article-title: Intestinal mucosal adherence and translocation of commensal bacteria at the early onset of type 2 diabetes: molecular mechanisms and probiotic treatment
  publication-title: EMBO Mol. Med.
  doi: 10.1002/emmm.201100159
– volume: 100
  start-page: 1589
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib41
  article-title: Toll-like receptor-4 mediates vascular inflammation and insulin resistance in diet-induced obesity
  publication-title: Circ. Res.
  doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.106.142851
– volume: 9
  start-page: 1239
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib26
  article-title: Ceramide as a TLR4 agonist; a putative signalling intermediate between sphingolipid receptors for microbial ligands and TLR4
  publication-title: Cell. Microbiol.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00867.x
– volume: 15
  start-page: 518
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib20
  article-title: Saturated fatty acid and TLR signaling link β cell dysfunction and islet inflammation
  publication-title: Cell Metab.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.01.023
– volume: 29
  start-page: 415
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib29
  article-title: Inflammatory mechanisms in obesity
  publication-title: Annu. Rev. Immunol.
  doi: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-031210-101322
– ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib103
– volume: 138
  start-page: 665
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib63
  article-title: Insights into the roles of the inflammatory mediators IL-1, IL-18 and PGE2 in obesity and insulin resistance
  publication-title: Swiss Med. Wkly.
– volume: 444
  start-page: 1027
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib91
  article-title: An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature05414
– volume: 35
  start-page: 375
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib33
  article-title: High fat intake leads to acute postprandial exposure to circulating endotoxin in type 2 diabetic subjects
  publication-title: Diabetes Care
  doi: 10.2337/dc11-1593
– volume: 49
  start-page: 1877
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib54
  article-title: Increased intestinal permeability and tight junction alterations in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
  publication-title: Hepatology
  doi: 10.1002/hep.22848
– volume: 60
  start-page: 2206
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib76
  article-title: NOD1 activators link innate immunity to insulin resistance
  publication-title: Diabetes
  doi: 10.2337/db11-0004
– volume: 281
  start-page: 26865
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib79
  article-title: Toll-like receptor-2 is essential for the development of palmitate-induced insulin resistance in myotubes
  publication-title: J. Biol. Chem.
  doi: 10.1074/jbc.M513304200
– volume: 52
  start-page: 318
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib10
  article-title: Impact of macrophage toll-like receptor 4 deficiency on macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue and the artery wall in mice
  publication-title: Diabetologia
  doi: 10.1007/s00125-008-1221-7
– volume: 32
  start-page: 373
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib15
  article-title: NLRP3 inflammasomes link inflammation and metabolic disease
  publication-title: Trends Immunol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.it.2011.05.004
– volume: 11
  start-page: 136
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib107
  article-title: Thioredoxin-interacting protein links oxidative stress to inflammasome activation
  publication-title: Nat. Immunol.
  doi: 10.1038/ni.1831
– year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib67
  article-title: The effects of NOD activation on adipocyte differentiation
  publication-title: Obesity (Silver Spring)
– volume: 10
  start-page: 419
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib72
  article-title: Hematopoietic cell-specific deletion of toll-like receptor 4 ameliorates hepatic and adipose tissue insulin resistance in high-fat-fed mice
  publication-title: Cell Metab.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2009.09.006
– volume: 22
  start-page: 16
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib43
  article-title: Toll-like receptors: linking inflammation to metabolism
  publication-title: Trends Endocrinol. Metab.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2010.08.007
– volume: 336
  start-page: 1262
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib60
  article-title: Host-gut microbiota metabolic interactions
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1223813
– volume: 15
  start-page: 940
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib48
  article-title: Genetic deficiency and pharmacological stabilization of mast cells reduce diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
  doi: 10.1038/nm.1994
– volume: 301
  start-page: E587
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib106
  article-title: NOD1 activation induces proinflammatory gene expression and insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
  publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.
  doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00709.2010
– volume: 91
  start-page: 2749
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib84
  article-title: Interleukin-1 system gene polymorphisms are associated with fat mass in young men
  publication-title: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
  doi: 10.1210/jc.2005-2786
– volume: 140
  start-page: 821
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib77
  article-title: The inflammasomes
  publication-title: Cell
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.01.040
– volume: 145
  start-page: 745
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib23
  article-title: NLRP6 inflammasome regulates colonic microbial ecology and risk for colitis
  publication-title: Cell
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.04.022
– volume: 354
  start-page: 45
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib85
  article-title: Attenuation of obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation in C3H/HeJ mice carrying a Toll-like receptor 4 mutation
  publication-title: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
  doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.12.190
– volume: 425
  start-page: 121
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib37
  article-title: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein induces secretion of interleukin-1β by macrophages via reactive oxygen species-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome activation
  publication-title: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
  doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.07.011
– volume: 15
  start-page: 930
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib24
  article-title: Lean, but not obese, fat is enriched for a unique population of regulatory T cells that affect metabolic parameters
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
  doi: 10.1038/nm.2002
– volume: 5
  start-page: 305
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib25
  article-title: The role of interleukins in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus
  publication-title: Nat. Rev. Endocrinol.
  doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2009.62
– volume: 467
  start-page: 972
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib100
  article-title: Oxidative stress induces angiogenesis by activating TLR2 with novel endogenous ligands
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature09421
– volume: 15
  start-page: 921
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib101
  article-title: Normalization of obesity-associated insulin resistance through immunotherapy
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
  doi: 10.1038/nm.2001
– volume: 133
  start-page: 208
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib96
  article-title: Evidence of expression of endotoxin receptors CD14, toll-like receptors TLR4 and TLR2 and associated molecule MD-2 and of sensitivity to endotoxin (LPS) in islet beta cells
  publication-title: Clin. Exp. Immunol.
  doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2003.02211.x
– volume: 37
  start-page: 96
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib97
  article-title: The NLRP12 inflammasome recognizes Yersinia pestis
  publication-title: Immunity
  doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2012.07.006
– volume: 28
  start-page: 222
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib28
  article-title: Caspase-1 deficiency decreases atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-null mice
  publication-title: Can. J. Cardiol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2011.10.013
– volume: 482
  start-page: 179
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib34
  article-title: Inflammasome-mediated dysbiosis regulates progression of NAFLD and obesity
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature10809
– volume: 24
  start-page: 256
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib73
  article-title: Role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in metabolic regulation by JNK1
  publication-title: Genes Dev.
  doi: 10.1101/gad.1878510
– volume: 53
  start-page: 1795
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib22
  article-title: Toll-like receptor 2-deficient mice are protected from insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction induced by a high-fat diet
  publication-title: Diabetologia
  doi: 10.1007/s00125-010-1747-3
– volume: 12
  start-page: 467
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib78
  article-title: Atherogenic lipids and lipoproteins trigger CD36-TLR2-dependent apoptosis in macrophages undergoing endoplasmic reticulum stress
  publication-title: Cell Metab.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2010.09.010
– volume: 83
  start-page: 502
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib71
  article-title: Attenuation of the cardiovascular and metabolic complications of obesity in CD14 knockout mice
  publication-title: Life Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2008.07.021
– volume: 116
  start-page: 115
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib98
  article-title: CCR2 modulates inflammatory and metabolic effects of high-fat feeding
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
  doi: 10.1172/JCI24335
– volume: 3
  start-page: e3204
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib50
  article-title: Toll-like receptor-2 mediates diet and/or pathogen associated atherosclerosis: proteomic findings
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003204
– volume: 10
  start-page: 416
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib4
  article-title: Reduced atherosclerosis in MyD88-null mice links elevated serum cholesterol levels to activation of innate immunity signaling pathways
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
  doi: 10.1038/nm1008
– volume: 59
  start-page: 3049
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib27
  article-title: Differential adaptation of human gut microbiota to bariatric surgery-induced weight loss: links with metabolic and low-grade inflammation markers
  publication-title: Diabetes
  doi: 10.2337/db10-0253
– volume: 464
  start-page: 1357
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011_bib19
  article-title: NLRP3 inflammasomes are required for atherogenesis and activated by cholesterol crystals
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature08938
SSID ssj0036393
Score 2.4815931
SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet The study of the intersection of immunology and metabolism is a growing field fueled by the increased prevalence of obesity-associated pathologies....
SourceID proquest
pubmed
crossref
elsevier
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
Publisher
StartPage 873
SubjectTerms atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis - immunology
Atherosclerosis - metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - immunology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
disease course
Disease Progression
fatty liver
Fatty Liver - immunology
Fatty Liver - metabolism
Humans
Immunity, Innate
immunologic receptors
Inflammation - immunology
innate immunity
insulin resistance
Insulin Resistance - immunology
intestinal microorganisms
Intestines - immunology
Intestines - microbiology
Metabolic Diseases - immunology
metabolism
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
obesity
Obesity - immunology
Obesity - metabolism
Receptors, Immunologic - immunology
Title Innate Immune Receptors: Key Regulators of Metabolic Disease Progression
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.011
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23747246
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1366575896
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1430850589
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1733556224
Volume 17
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3dSxwxEA8iFHwRba1ebSWFvsly2UySW31rtXK2KIIK9xaS7Byc6N5Rzwf_e2c2u0IfvAdhX7JM2OxkMvMbMh9C_NBTS3bK0EmbkgSbCrCI1kCR6qBVhKgDcoLzxaUb35o_EztZEyd9LgyHVXa6P-v0Vlt3b4YdN4eL2Wx4zeDacLUYYMzTJpoDfYyT-Ca_em0MZIHbIHsiLpi6S5zJMV7pATmesoRcvbN8yzi9BT5bI3S2JTY79Ch_5gVuizVsPooPuZ_k8ycxPm8awo7ynJM-UBIkxAV30zmWf_GZhm3beRrL-VRe4JL2_36W5Gm-o5FXHKqVy3TsiNuz3zcn46JrlVAkC3pZWJdqF6GOBkIsyQUImh6HIxVtBVOMRlUhKowjgi-lIXdaRTQJkwqmxhHCZ7HezBvcEzISoEhQaU45NS7EqiYMFY4wORuUMXogyp5HPnV1xLmdxb3vA8buPPPVM1-9sp74OhCHr3MWuYrGSmrbs97_Jwue1PzKed_7ffJ0SPjmIzQ4f3r0JbQXTNWRW0FjgMv3EdEKmhEQPnMEewZiNwvC6_9oIM9MG_flnavfFxs6t9oolPkq1pf_nvAbAZ5lPGgl-gWJvfwO
linkProvider Elsevier
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1baxQxFD7UFtEXsV7qeqkR9EmGzeQ2U8EHtZYd2y2CLexbTDJnYcs6u9gt0t_lH_RkMlPwoftQKMxLhmTIfDk55ws5F4C3YqrJTinaaVOSYFVKzLxWMgu1E9xLLxzGAOfxsRmdqm8TPdmAv30sTHSr7HR_0umttu7eDDs0h8vZbPgjkmsVs8XIyHny3rPyEC__0Lnt_GO1T4v8ToiDrydfRllXWiALWopVpk2ojZe1V9L5nCizE_QYLLjXpZyiV7x0nqMvyNznio6f3KMKGLhTNRYo6bt3YIvYRxG1QTX53Kt_SSa_9eqn2WVxel2kTnIqC78wOnDmMqULza-zhtex3dbqHTyEBx1dZZ8SItuwgc0juJsKWF4-hlHVNERWWRWjTJARB8VlLN_zgRE-1Gzr3FObLaZsjCsSuPkssP10KcS-R9-wlBfkCZzeCoBPYbNZNPgMmCcGE2QpYoyrMs6XNZE2t4fBaMeVEgPIe4xs6BKXx_oZc9t7qJ3ZiKuNuFquLeE6gPdXY5Ypbcfa3rqH3v4nfJbsytpxb_p1srQr41WLa3BxcW5z2d5olXtmTR8lY75A6rSmTyGJEBriWQPYSYJw9T9C0lFQKPP8hrN_DfdGJ-Mje1QdH76A-yLV-ci4egmbq98X-IrY1srvttLN4Odtb6d_rfE6sw
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Innate+Immune+Receptors%3A+Key+Regulators+of+Metabolic+Disease+Progression&rft.jtitle=Cell+metabolism&rft.au=Jin%2C+Chengcheng&rft.au=Henao-Mejia%2C+Jorge&rft.au=Flavell%2C+Richard%C2%A0A.&rft.date=2013-06-04&rft.issn=1550-4131&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=873&rft.epage=882&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cmet.2013.05.011&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_cmet_2013_05_011
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1550-4131&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1550-4131&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1550-4131&client=summon