Chronic Inflammatory Markers in Overweight and Obese Children: A Cross-sectional Analytical Study
Abstract Introduction: Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study compared the inflammatory markers between obese and normal children and assessed obesity-related comorbidities. Methods: In this cross-secti...
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| Published in | Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism Vol. 28; no. 5; pp. 542 - 547 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
India
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
01.09.2024
Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| Edition | 2 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2230-8210 2230-9500 |
| DOI | 10.4103/ijem.ijem_353_23 |
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| Abstract | Abstract
Introduction:
Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study compared the inflammatory markers between obese and normal children and assessed obesity-related comorbidities.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional analytical study, 40 obese children between 5-18 years of age were recruited as cases, and an equal number of age and gender-matched normal children as the control. The inflammatory markers-high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and adiponectin were compared between the groups. Hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were screened among obese children.
Results:
We observed a male-female ratio of 1.5:1 in each group. The median hs-CRP between obese and normal children were 2.53 mg/L (0.94,6.85) and 0.77 mg/L (0.19,7.19), and the median IL-6 levels were 3.56 pg/ml (2.17,5.48) and 3.76 pg/ml (1.08,7.91) respectively. The median IL-10 levels between obese and control groups were 2.06 pg/ml (0.35,6.3) and 1.82 pg/ml (0.41,6.5), and the median adiponectin levels between the groups were 8.6 mcg/ml (6.65,16.04) and 9.79 mcg/ml (8.45,11.91) respectively. We didn't observe significant differences in the markers between the groups. Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome were seen in 80%, 52.5%, and 45% of obese children, respectively. Other comorbidities-NAFLD, hypertension, and hypothyroidism, were observed in 27.5%, 25%, and 7.5% of obese children, respectively. IL-6 had a significant positive correlation with total cholesterol (r = 0.40), LDL levels (r = 0.50), and HDL (r = 0.32).
Conclusion:
There was no difference in inflammatory markers between obese and normal children. Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance were the most common comorbidities. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study compared the inflammatory markers between obese and normal children and assessed obesity-related comorbidities.IntroductionChildhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study compared the inflammatory markers between obese and normal children and assessed obesity-related comorbidities.In this cross-sectional analytical study, 40 obese children between 5-18 years of age were recruited as cases, and an equal number of age and gender-matched normal children as the control. The inflammatory markers-high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and adiponectin were compared between the groups. Hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were screened among obese children.MethodsIn this cross-sectional analytical study, 40 obese children between 5-18 years of age were recruited as cases, and an equal number of age and gender-matched normal children as the control. The inflammatory markers-high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and adiponectin were compared between the groups. Hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were screened among obese children.We observed a male-female ratio of 1.5:1 in each group. The median hs-CRP between obese and normal children were 2.53 mg/L (0.94,6.85) and 0.77 mg/L (0.19,7.19), and the median IL-6 levels were 3.56 pg/ml (2.17,5.48) and 3.76 pg/ml (1.08,7.91) respectively. The median IL-10 levels between obese and control groups were 2.06 pg/ml (0.35,6.3) and 1.82 pg/ml (0.41,6.5), and the median adiponectin levels between the groups were 8.6 mcg/ml (6.65,16.04) and 9.79 mcg/ml (8.45,11.91) respectively. We didn't observe significant differences in the markers between the groups. Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome were seen in 80%, 52.5%, and 45% of obese children, respectively. Other comorbidities-NAFLD, hypertension, and hypothyroidism, were observed in 27.5%, 25%, and 7.5% of obese children, respectively. IL-6 had a significant positive correlation with total cholesterol (r = 0.40), LDL levels (r = 0.50), and HDL (r = 0.32).ResultsWe observed a male-female ratio of 1.5:1 in each group. The median hs-CRP between obese and normal children were 2.53 mg/L (0.94,6.85) and 0.77 mg/L (0.19,7.19), and the median IL-6 levels were 3.56 pg/ml (2.17,5.48) and 3.76 pg/ml (1.08,7.91) respectively. The median IL-10 levels between obese and control groups were 2.06 pg/ml (0.35,6.3) and 1.82 pg/ml (0.41,6.5), and the median adiponectin levels between the groups were 8.6 mcg/ml (6.65,16.04) and 9.79 mcg/ml (8.45,11.91) respectively. We didn't observe significant differences in the markers between the groups. Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome were seen in 80%, 52.5%, and 45% of obese children, respectively. Other comorbidities-NAFLD, hypertension, and hypothyroidism, were observed in 27.5%, 25%, and 7.5% of obese children, respectively. IL-6 had a significant positive correlation with total cholesterol (r = 0.40), LDL levels (r = 0.50), and HDL (r = 0.32).There was no difference in inflammatory markers between obese and normal children. Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance were the most common comorbidities.ConclusionThere was no difference in inflammatory markers between obese and normal children. Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance were the most common comorbidities. Introduction: Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study compared the inflammatory markers between obese and normal children and assessed obesity-related comorbidities. Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 40 obese children between 5-18 years of age were recruited as cases, and an equal number of age and gender-matched normal children as the control. The inflammatory markers-high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and adiponectin were compared between the groups. Hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were screened among obese children. Results: We observed a male-female ratio of 1.5:1 in each group. The median hs-CRP between obese and normal children were 2.53 mg/L (0.94,6.85) and 0.77 mg/L (0.19,7.19), and the median IL-6 levels were 3.56 pg/ml (2.17,5.48) and 3.76 pg/ml (1.08,7.91) respectively. The median IL-10 levels between obese and control groups were 2.06 pg/ml (0.35,6.3) and 1.82 pg/ml (0.41,6.5), and the median adiponectin levels between the groups were 8.6 mcg/ml (6.65,16.04) and 9.79 mcg/ml (8.45,11.91) respectively. We didn’t observe significant differences in the markers between the groups. Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome were seen in 80%, 52.5%, and 45% of obese children, respectively. Other comorbidities-NAFLD, hypertension, and hypothyroidism, were observed in 27.5%, 25%, and 7.5% of obese children, respectively. IL-6 had a significant positive correlation with total cholesterol (r = 0.40), LDL levels (r = 0.50), and HDL (r = 0.32). Conclusion: There was no difference in inflammatory markers between obese and normal children. Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance were the most common comorbidities. Abstract Introduction: Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study compared the inflammatory markers between obese and normal children and assessed obesity-related comorbidities. Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 40 obese children between 5-18 years of age were recruited as cases, and an equal number of age and gender-matched normal children as the control. The inflammatory markers-high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and adiponectin were compared between the groups. Hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were screened among obese children. Results: We observed a male-female ratio of 1.5:1 in each group. The median hs-CRP between obese and normal children were 2.53 mg/L (0.94,6.85) and 0.77 mg/L (0.19,7.19), and the median IL-6 levels were 3.56 pg/ml (2.17,5.48) and 3.76 pg/ml (1.08,7.91) respectively. The median IL-10 levels between obese and control groups were 2.06 pg/ml (0.35,6.3) and 1.82 pg/ml (0.41,6.5), and the median adiponectin levels between the groups were 8.6 mcg/ml (6.65,16.04) and 9.79 mcg/ml (8.45,11.91) respectively. We didn't observe significant differences in the markers between the groups. Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome were seen in 80%, 52.5%, and 45% of obese children, respectively. Other comorbidities-NAFLD, hypertension, and hypothyroidism, were observed in 27.5%, 25%, and 7.5% of obese children, respectively. IL-6 had a significant positive correlation with total cholesterol (r = 0.40), LDL levels (r = 0.50), and HDL (r = 0.32). Conclusion: There was no difference in inflammatory markers between obese and normal children. Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance were the most common comorbidities. AbstractIntroduction:Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study compared the inflammatory markers between obese and normal children and assessed obesity-related comorbidities.Methods:In this cross-sectional analytical study, 40 obese children between 5-18 years of age were recruited as cases, and an equal number of age and gender-matched normal children as the control. The inflammatory markers-high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and adiponectin were compared between the groups. Hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were screened among obese children.Results:We observed a male-female ratio of 1.5:1 in each group. The median hs-CRP between obese and normal children were 2.53 mg/L (0.94,6.85) and 0.77 mg/L (0.19,7.19), and the median IL-6 levels were 3.56 pg/ml (2.17,5.48) and 3.76 pg/ml (1.08,7.91) respectively. The median IL-10 levels between obese and control groups were 2.06 pg/ml (0.35,6.3) and 1.82 pg/ml (0.41,6.5), and the median adiponectin levels between the groups were 8.6 mcg/ml (6.65,16.04) and 9.79 mcg/ml (8.45,11.91) respectively. We didn’t observe significant differences in the markers between the groups. Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome were seen in 80%, 52.5%, and 45% of obese children, respectively. Other comorbidities-NAFLD, hypertension, and hypothyroidism, were observed in 27.5%, 25%, and 7.5% of obese children, respectively. IL-6 had a significant positive correlation with total cholesterol (r = 0.40), LDL levels (r = 0.50), and HDL (r = 0.32).Conclusion:There was no difference in inflammatory markers between obese and normal children. Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance were the most common comorbidities. Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study compared the inflammatory markers between obese and normal children and assessed obesity-related comorbidities. In this cross-sectional analytical study, 40 obese children between 5-18 years of age were recruited as cases, and an equal number of age and gender-matched normal children as the control. The inflammatory markers-high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and adiponectin were compared between the groups. Hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were screened among obese children. We observed a male-female ratio of 1.5:1 in each group. The median hs-CRP between obese and normal children were 2.53 mg/L (0.94,6.85) and 0.77 mg/L (0.19,7.19), and the median IL-6 levels were 3.56 pg/ml (2.17,5.48) and 3.76 pg/ml (1.08,7.91) respectively. The median IL-10 levels between obese and control groups were 2.06 pg/ml (0.35,6.3) and 1.82 pg/ml (0.41,6.5), and the median adiponectin levels between the groups were 8.6 mcg/ml (6.65,16.04) and 9.79 mcg/ml (8.45,11.91) respectively. We didn't observe significant differences in the markers between the groups. Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome were seen in 80%, 52.5%, and 45% of obese children, respectively. Other comorbidities-NAFLD, hypertension, and hypothyroidism, were observed in 27.5%, 25%, and 7.5% of obese children, respectively. IL-6 had a significant positive correlation with total cholesterol (r = 0.40), LDL levels (r = 0.50), and HDL (r = 0.32). There was no difference in inflammatory markers between obese and normal children. Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance were the most common comorbidities. Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study compared the inflammatory markers between obese and normal children and assessed obesity-related comorbidities. In this cross-sectional analytical study, 40 obese children between 5-18 years of age were recruited as cases, and an equal number of age and gender-matched normal children as the control. The inflammatory markers-high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and adiponectin were compared between the groups. Hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were screened among obese children. We observed a male-female ratio of 1.5:1 in each group. The median hs-CRP between obese and normal children were 2.53 mg/L (0.94,6.85) and 0.77 mg/L (0.19,7.19), and the median IL-6 levels were 3.56 pg/ml (2.17,5.48) and 3.76 pg/ml (1.08,7.91) respectively. The median IL-10 levels between obese and control groups were 2.06 pg/ml (0.35,6.3) and 1.82 pg/ml (0.41,6.5), and the median adiponectin levels between the groups were 8.6 mcg/ml (6.65,16.04) and 9.79 mcg/ml (8.45,11.91) respectively. We didn't observe significant differences in the markers between the groups. Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome were seen in 80, 52.5, and 45 of obese children, respectively. Other comorbidities-NAFLD, hypertension, and hypothyroidism, were observed in 27.5, 25, and 7.5 of obese children, respectively. IL-6 had a significant positive correlation with total cholesterol (r = 0.40), LDL levels (r = 0.50), and HDL (r = 0.32). There was no difference in inflammatory markers between obese and normal children. Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance were the most common comorbidities. Introduction: Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study compared the inflammatory markers between obese and normal children and assessed obesity-related comorbidities. Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 40 obese children between 5-18 years of age were recruited as cases, and an equal number of age and gender-matched normal children as the control. The inflammatory markers-high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and adiponectin were compared between the groups. Hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were screened among obese children. Results: We observed a male-female ratio of 1.5:1 in each group. The median hs-CRP between obese and normal children were 2.53 mg/L (0.94,6.85) and 0.77 mg/L (0.19,7.19), and the median IL-6 levels were 3.56 pg/ml (2.17,5.48) and 3.76 pg/ml (1.08,7.91) respectively. The median IL-10 levels between obese and control groups were 2.06 pg/ml (0.35,6.3) and 1.82 pg/ml (0.41,6.5), and the median adiponectin levels between the groups were 8.6 mcg/ml (6.65,16.04) and 9.79 mcg/ml (8.45,11.91) respectively. We didn't observe significant differences in the markers between the groups. Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome were seen in 80, 52.5, and 45 of obese children, respectively. Other comorbidities-NAFLD, hypertension, and hypothyroidism, were observed in 27.5, 25, and 7.5 of obese children, respectively. IL-6 had a significant positive correlation with total cholesterol (r = 0.40), LDL levels (r = 0.50), and HDL (r = 0.32). Conclusion: There was no difference in inflammatory markers between obese and normal children. Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance were the most common comorbidities. Keywords: Children, co-morbidity, inflammatory markers, obesity |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Kumar, Ramachandran R. Delhikumar, Chinnaiah G. Senthilkumar, Gandhipuram P. Gokulakrishnan, Rajasekar Sahoo, Jayaprakash |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India 1 Department of Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India 2 Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India 4 Consultant Pediatric Critical Care, Mediclinic City Hospital, Adjunct Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 Consultant Pediatric Critical Care, Mediclinic City Hospital, Adjunct Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE – name: 3 Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India – name: 1 Department of Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India – name: 2 Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Rajasekar surname: Gokulakrishnan fullname: Gokulakrishnan, Rajasekar – sequence: 2 givenname: Chinnaiah G. surname: Delhikumar fullname: Delhikumar, Chinnaiah G. email: dillikumar14@gmail.com – sequence: 3 givenname: Gandhipuram P. surname: Senthilkumar fullname: Senthilkumar, Gandhipuram P. – sequence: 4 givenname: Jayaprakash surname: Sahoo fullname: Sahoo, Jayaprakash – sequence: 5 givenname: Ramachandran R. surname: Kumar fullname: Kumar, Ramachandran R. |
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Introduction:
Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study... Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study compared the... Introduction: Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study compared... AbstractIntroduction:Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study... |
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| SubjectTerms | C-reactive protein Children co-morbidity Comorbidity Cytokines Fatty liver Health aspects Hypertension Hypothyroidism Inflammation inflammatory markers Insulin resistance Interleukins Low density lipoproteins Medical screening Metabolic disorders Obesity Obesity in children Original Original Article Type 2 diabetes |
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| Title | Chronic Inflammatory Markers in Overweight and Obese Children: A Cross-sectional Analytical Study |
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