Myc Supports Self-Renewal of Basal Cells in the Esophageal Epithelium

It is widely believed that cellular senescence plays a critical role in both aging and cancer, and that senescence is a fundamental, permanent growth arrest that somatic cells cannot avoid. Here we show that Myc plays an important role in self-renewal of esophageal epithelial cells, contributing to...

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Published inFrontiers in cell and developmental biology Vol. 10; p. 786031
Main Authors Hishida, Tomoaki, Vazquez-Ferrer, Eric, Hishida-Nozaki, Yuriko, Takemoto, Yuto, Hatanaka, Fumiyuki, Yoshida, Kei, Prieto, Javier, Sahu, Sanjeeb Kumar, Takahashi, Yuta, Reddy, Pradeep, O’Keefe, David D., Rodriguez Esteban, Concepcion, Knoepfler, Paul S., Nuñez Delicado, Estrella, Castells, Antoni, Campistol, Josep M., Kato, Ryuji, Nakagawa, Hiroshi, Izpisua Belmonte, Juan Carlos
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 04.03.2022
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Abstract It is widely believed that cellular senescence plays a critical role in both aging and cancer, and that senescence is a fundamental, permanent growth arrest that somatic cells cannot avoid. Here we show that Myc plays an important role in self-renewal of esophageal epithelial cells, contributing to their resistance to cellular senescence. Myc is homogeneously expressed in basal cells of the esophageal epithelium and Myc positively regulates their self-renewal by maintaining their undifferentiated state. Indeed, Myc knockout induced a loss of the undifferentiated state of esophageal epithelial cells resulting in cellular senescence while forced MYC expression promoted oncogenic cell proliferation. A superoxide scavenger counteracted Myc knockout-induced senescence, therefore suggesting that a mitochondrial superoxide takes part in inducing senescence. Taken together, these analyses reveal extremely low levels of cellular senescence and senescence-associated phenotypes in the esophageal epithelium, as well as a critical role for Myc in self-renewal of basal cells in this organ. This provides new avenues for studying and understanding the links between stemness and resistance to cellular senescence.
AbstractList It is widely believed that cellular senescence plays a critical role in both aging and cancer, and that senescence is a fundamental, permanent growth arrest that somatic cells cannot avoid. Here we show that Myc plays an important role in self-renewal of esophageal epithelial cells, contributing to their resistance to cellular senescence. Myc is homogeneously expressed in basal cells of the esophageal epithelium and Myc positively regulates their self-renewal by maintaining their undifferentiated state. Indeed, Myc knockout induced a loss of the undifferentiated state of esophageal epithelial cells resulting in cellular senescence while forced MYC expression promoted oncogenic cell proliferation. A superoxide scavenger counteracted Myc knockout-induced senescence, therefore suggesting that a mitochondrial superoxide takes part in inducing senescence. Taken together, these analyses reveal extremely low levels of cellular senescence and senescence-associated phenotypes in the esophageal epithelium, as well as a critical role for Myc in self-renewal of basal cells in this organ. This provides new avenues for studying and understanding the links between stemness and resistance to cellular senescence.It is widely believed that cellular senescence plays a critical role in both aging and cancer, and that senescence is a fundamental, permanent growth arrest that somatic cells cannot avoid. Here we show that Myc plays an important role in self-renewal of esophageal epithelial cells, contributing to their resistance to cellular senescence. Myc is homogeneously expressed in basal cells of the esophageal epithelium and Myc positively regulates their self-renewal by maintaining their undifferentiated state. Indeed, Myc knockout induced a loss of the undifferentiated state of esophageal epithelial cells resulting in cellular senescence while forced MYC expression promoted oncogenic cell proliferation. A superoxide scavenger counteracted Myc knockout-induced senescence, therefore suggesting that a mitochondrial superoxide takes part in inducing senescence. Taken together, these analyses reveal extremely low levels of cellular senescence and senescence-associated phenotypes in the esophageal epithelium, as well as a critical role for Myc in self-renewal of basal cells in this organ. This provides new avenues for studying and understanding the links between stemness and resistance to cellular senescence.
It is widely believed that cellular senescence plays a critical role in both aging and cancer, and that senescence is a fundamental, permanent growth arrest that somatic cells cannot avoid. Here we show that Myc plays an important role in self-renewal of esophageal epithelial cells, contributing to their resistance to cellular senescence. Myc is homogeneously expressed in basal cells of the esophageal epithelium and Myc positively regulates their self-renewal by maintaining their undifferentiated state. Indeed, Myc knockout induced a loss of the undifferentiated state of esophageal epithelial cells resulting in cellular senescence while forced MYC expression promoted oncogenic cell proliferation. A superoxide scavenger counteracted Myc knockout-induced senescence, therefore suggesting that a mitochondrial superoxide takes part in inducing senescence. Taken together, these analyses reveal extremely low levels of cellular senescence and senescence-associated phenotypes in the esophageal epithelium, as well as a critical role for Myc in self-renewal of basal cells in this organ. This provides new avenues for studying and understanding the links between stemness and resistance to cellular senescence.
Author Rodriguez Esteban, Concepcion
Castells, Antoni
Yoshida, Kei
Nuñez Delicado, Estrella
Izpisua Belmonte, Juan Carlos
Prieto, Javier
Hishida, Tomoaki
Reddy, Pradeep
O’Keefe, David D.
Kato, Ryuji
Hishida-Nozaki, Yuriko
Takahashi, Yuta
Nakagawa, Hiroshi
Vazquez-Ferrer, Eric
Sahu, Sanjeeb Kumar
Takemoto, Yuto
Hatanaka, Fumiyuki
Knoepfler, Paul S.
Campistol, Josep M.
AuthorAffiliation 4 Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy , University of California, Davis , Davis , CA , United States
1 Gene Expression Laboratory , Salk Institute for Biological Studies , La Jolla , CA , United States
5 Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM) , Campus de los Jerónimos , Murcia , Spain
2 Laboratory of Biological Chemistry , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wakayama Medical University , Wakayama , Japan
3 Department of Basic Medical Sciences , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan
6 Gastroenterology Department , Hospital Clinic , CIBEREHD , IDIBAPS , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
8 Abramson Cancer Center , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , United States
7 Division of Gastroenterology , Department of Medicine , Perelman School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , United States
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 5 Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM) , Campus de los Jerónimos , Murcia , Spain
– name: 6 Gastroenterology Department , Hospital Clinic , CIBEREHD , IDIBAPS , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
– name: 2 Laboratory of Biological Chemistry , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wakayama Medical University , Wakayama , Japan
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– name: 4 Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy , University of California, Davis , Davis , CA , United States
– name: 8 Abramson Cancer Center , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , United States
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Copyright Copyright © 2022 Hishida, Vazquez-Ferrer, Hishida-Nozaki, Takemoto, Hatanaka, Yoshida, Prieto, Sahu, Takahashi, Reddy, O’Keefe, Rodriguez Esteban, Knoepfler, Nuñez Delicado, Castells, Campistol, Kato, Nakagawa and Izpisua Belmonte.
Copyright © 2022 Hishida, Vazquez-Ferrer, Hishida-Nozaki, Takemoto, Hatanaka, Yoshida, Prieto, Sahu, Takahashi, Reddy, O’Keefe, Rodriguez Esteban, Knoepfler, Nuñez Delicado, Castells, Campistol, Kato, Nakagawa and Izpisua Belmonte. 2022 Hishida, Vazquez-Ferrer, Hishida-Nozaki, Takemoto, Hatanaka, Yoshida, Prieto, Sahu, Takahashi, Reddy, O’Keefe, Rodriguez Esteban, Knoepfler, Nuñez Delicado, Castells, Campistol, Kato, Nakagawa and Izpisua Belmonte
Copyright_xml – notice: Copyright © 2022 Hishida, Vazquez-Ferrer, Hishida-Nozaki, Takemoto, Hatanaka, Yoshida, Prieto, Sahu, Takahashi, Reddy, O’Keefe, Rodriguez Esteban, Knoepfler, Nuñez Delicado, Castells, Campistol, Kato, Nakagawa and Izpisua Belmonte.
– notice: Copyright © 2022 Hishida, Vazquez-Ferrer, Hishida-Nozaki, Takemoto, Hatanaka, Yoshida, Prieto, Sahu, Takahashi, Reddy, O’Keefe, Rodriguez Esteban, Knoepfler, Nuñez Delicado, Castells, Campistol, Kato, Nakagawa and Izpisua Belmonte. 2022 Hishida, Vazquez-Ferrer, Hishida-Nozaki, Takemoto, Hatanaka, Yoshida, Prieto, Sahu, Takahashi, Reddy, O’Keefe, Rodriguez Esteban, Knoepfler, Nuñez Delicado, Castells, Campistol, Kato, Nakagawa and Izpisua Belmonte
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Keywords senescence
cancer
aging
MYC
mitochondria highlights
Language English
License Copyright © 2022 Hishida, Vazquez-Ferrer, Hishida-Nozaki, Takemoto, Hatanaka, Yoshida, Prieto, Sahu, Takahashi, Reddy, O’Keefe, Rodriguez Esteban, Knoepfler, Nuñez Delicado, Castells, Campistol, Kato, Nakagawa and Izpisua Belmonte.
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Reviewed by: Viacheslav Senichkin, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
Demitrios Vynios, University of Patras, Greece
Edited by: Gelina Kopeina, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
Takafumi Suzuki, Tohoku University, Japan
Present Address: Sanjeeb Kumar Sahu, Altos Labs, San Diego, CA
Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, Altos Labs, San Diego, CA
This article was submitted to Molecular and Cellular Oncology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
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SubjectTerms aging
cancer
Cell and Developmental Biology
mitochondria highlights
MYC
senescence
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Title Myc Supports Self-Renewal of Basal Cells in the Esophageal Epithelium
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