Autism Spectrum Disorder and IQ – A Complex Interplay
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized as a very heterogeneous child-onset disorder, whose heterogeneity is partly determined by differences in intelligence quotient (IQ). Older epidemiological studies suggested that the IQ-related spectrum tends to be skewed to the left, i.e., a larger pro...
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| Published in | Frontiers in psychiatry Vol. 13; p. 856084 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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18.04.2022
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| Abstract | Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized as a very heterogeneous child-onset disorder, whose heterogeneity is partly determined by differences in intelligence quotient (IQ). Older epidemiological studies suggested that the IQ-related spectrum tends to be skewed to the left, i.e., a larger proportion of individuals with ASD have below average intelligence, while only few individuals with ASD may have an IQ above average. This picture changed over time with broadening the spectrum view. Within the present perspective article, we discuss discrepancies in IQ profiles between epidemiological and clinical studies and identify potential underlying aspects, for example, the influence of external factors such as sample biases or differences in availability of autism health services. Additionally, we discuss the validity and reciprocal influences of ASD diagnostics and IQ measurement. We put the impact of these factors for diagnostic as well as care and support situations of patients into perspective and want to encourage further research to contribute to the conceptualization of “autism” more comprehensively including the IQ as well as to examine broader (life) circumstances, interacting factors and diagnostic requirements of given diagnoses in childhood as compared to adulthood. |
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| AbstractList | Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized as a very heterogeneous child-onset disorder, whose heterogeneity is partly determined by differences in intelligence quotient (IQ). Older epidemiological studies suggested that the IQ-related spectrum tends to be skewed to the left, i.e., a larger proportion of individuals with ASD have below average intelligence, while only few individuals with ASD may have an IQ above average. This picture changed over time with broadening the spectrum view. Within the present perspective article, we discuss discrepancies in IQ profiles between epidemiological and clinical studies and identify potential underlying aspects, for example, the influence of external factors such as sample biases or differences in availability of autism health services. Additionally, we discuss the validity and reciprocal influences of ASD diagnostics and IQ measurement. We put the impact of these factors for diagnostic as well as care and support situations of patients into perspective and want to encourage further research to contribute to the conceptualization of “autism” more comprehensively including the IQ as well as to examine broader (life) circumstances, interacting factors and diagnostic requirements of given diagnoses in childhood as compared to adulthood. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized as a very heterogeneous child-onset disorder, whose heterogeneity is partly determined by differences in intelligence quotient (IQ). Older epidemiological studies suggested that the IQ-related spectrum tends to be skewed to the left, i.e., a larger proportion of individuals with ASD have below average intelligence, while only few individuals with ASD may have an IQ above average. This picture changed over time with broadening the spectrum view. Within the present perspective article, we discuss discrepancies in IQ profiles between epidemiological and clinical studies and identify potential underlying aspects, for example, the influence of external factors such as sample biases or differences in availability of autism health services. Additionally, we discuss the validity and reciprocal influences of ASD diagnostics and IQ measurement. We put the impact of these factors for diagnostic as well as care and support situations of patients into perspective and want to encourage further research to contribute to the conceptualization of "autism" more comprehensively including the IQ as well as to examine broader (life) circumstances, interacting factors and diagnostic requirements of given diagnoses in childhood as compared to adulthood.Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized as a very heterogeneous child-onset disorder, whose heterogeneity is partly determined by differences in intelligence quotient (IQ). Older epidemiological studies suggested that the IQ-related spectrum tends to be skewed to the left, i.e., a larger proportion of individuals with ASD have below average intelligence, while only few individuals with ASD may have an IQ above average. This picture changed over time with broadening the spectrum view. Within the present perspective article, we discuss discrepancies in IQ profiles between epidemiological and clinical studies and identify potential underlying aspects, for example, the influence of external factors such as sample biases or differences in availability of autism health services. Additionally, we discuss the validity and reciprocal influences of ASD diagnostics and IQ measurement. We put the impact of these factors for diagnostic as well as care and support situations of patients into perspective and want to encourage further research to contribute to the conceptualization of "autism" more comprehensively including the IQ as well as to examine broader (life) circumstances, interacting factors and diagnostic requirements of given diagnoses in childhood as compared to adulthood. |
| Author | Roessner, Veit Wolff, Nicole Kamp-Becker, Inge Roepke, Stefan Stroth, Sanna |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Department of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin , Germany 1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of the Technische Universität (TU) Dresden , Dresden , Germany 2 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg , Marburg , Germany |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of the Technische Universität (TU) Dresden , Dresden , Germany – name: 2 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg , Marburg , Germany – name: 3 Department of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin , Germany |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Nicole surname: Wolff fullname: Wolff, Nicole – sequence: 2 givenname: Sanna surname: Stroth fullname: Stroth, Sanna – sequence: 3 givenname: Inge surname: Kamp-Becker fullname: Kamp-Becker, Inge – sequence: 4 givenname: Stefan surname: Roepke fullname: Roepke, Stefan – sequence: 5 givenname: Veit surname: Roessner fullname: Roessner, Veit |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35509885$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | IQ ADOS diagnostics autism spectrum disorder (ASD) heterogeneity |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Edited by: Anders Nordahl-Hansen, Østfold University College, Norway Reviewed by: Marc Woodbury-Smith, Newcastle University, United Kingdom This article was submitted to Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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