Multiple transatlantic incursions of highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N5) virus into North America and spillover to mammals
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread at an unprecedented scale, leading to mass mortalities in birds and mammals. In 2023, a transatlantic incursion of HPAI A(H5N5) viruses into North America was detected, followed shortly thereafter by a mammalian detection. As these A(H5N5)...
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| Published in | Cell reports (Cambridge) Vol. 43; no. 7; p. 114479 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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United States
Elsevier Inc
23.07.2024
Elsevier |
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| Abstract | Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread at an unprecedented scale, leading to mass mortalities in birds and mammals. In 2023, a transatlantic incursion of HPAI A(H5N5) viruses into North America was detected, followed shortly thereafter by a mammalian detection. As these A(H5N5) viruses were similar to contemporary viruses described in Eurasia, the transatlantic spread of A(H5N5) viruses was most likely facilitated by pelagic seabirds. Some of the Canadian A(H5N5) viruses from birds and mammals possessed the PB2-E627K substitution known to facilitate adaptation to mammals. Ferrets inoculated with A(H5N5) viruses showed rapid, severe disease onset, with some evidence of direct contact transmission. However, these viruses have maintained receptor binding traits of avian influenza viruses and were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. Understanding the factors influencing the virulence and transmission of A(H5N5) in migratory birds and mammals is critical to minimize impacts on wildlife and public health.
[Display omitted]
•Seabirds likely enabled multiple incursions of A(H5N5) virus from Europe to Canada•Some A(H5N5) viruses possessed the mammalian adaptation marker PB2-E627K•A(H5N5) viruses demonstrated rapid 100% mortality and some transmission in ferrets•A(H5N5) viruses preferred avian virus receptors and are sensitive to NA inhibitors
Erdelyan et al. reveal that seabirds likely facilitated the spread of A(H5N5) viruses from Europe to Canada. All viral segments were Eurasian. Hemagglutinin contained substitutions not present in Canadian A(H5N1) viruses. These viruses remain susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors. In ferrets, the virus caused rapid mortality, with some transmission to contacts. |
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| AbstractList | Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread at an unprecedented scale, leading to mass mortalities in birds and mammals. In 2023, a transatlantic incursion of HPAI A(H5N5) viruses into North America was detected, followed shortly thereafter by a mammalian detection. As these A(H5N5) viruses were similar to contemporary viruses described in Eurasia, the transatlantic spread of A(H5N5) viruses was most likely facilitated by pelagic seabirds. Some of the Canadian A(H5N5) viruses from birds and mammals possessed the PB2-E627K substitution known to facilitate adaptation to mammals. Ferrets inoculated with A(H5N5) viruses showed rapid, severe disease onset, with some evidence of direct contact transmission. However, these viruses have maintained receptor binding traits of avian influenza viruses and were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. Understanding the factors influencing the virulence and transmission of A(H5N5) in migratory birds and mammals is critical to minimize impacts on wildlife and public health.Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread at an unprecedented scale, leading to mass mortalities in birds and mammals. In 2023, a transatlantic incursion of HPAI A(H5N5) viruses into North America was detected, followed shortly thereafter by a mammalian detection. As these A(H5N5) viruses were similar to contemporary viruses described in Eurasia, the transatlantic spread of A(H5N5) viruses was most likely facilitated by pelagic seabirds. Some of the Canadian A(H5N5) viruses from birds and mammals possessed the PB2-E627K substitution known to facilitate adaptation to mammals. Ferrets inoculated with A(H5N5) viruses showed rapid, severe disease onset, with some evidence of direct contact transmission. However, these viruses have maintained receptor binding traits of avian influenza viruses and were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. Understanding the factors influencing the virulence and transmission of A(H5N5) in migratory birds and mammals is critical to minimize impacts on wildlife and public health. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread at an unprecedented scale, leading to mass mortalities in birds and mammals. In 2023, a transatlantic incursion of HPAI A(H5N5) viruses into North America was detected, followed shortly thereafter by a mammalian detection. As these A(H5N5) viruses were similar to contemporary viruses described in Eurasia, the transatlantic spread of A(H5N5) viruses was most likely facilitated by pelagic seabirds. Some of the Canadian A(H5N5) viruses from birds and mammals possessed the PB2-E627K substitution known to facilitate adaptation to mammals. Ferrets inoculated with A(H5N5) viruses showed rapid, severe disease onset, with some evidence of direct contact transmission. However, these viruses have maintained receptor binding traits of avian influenza viruses and were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. Understanding the factors influencing the virulence and transmission of A(H5N5) in migratory birds and mammals is critical to minimize impacts on wildlife and public health. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread at an unprecedented scale, leading to mass mortalities in birds and mammals. In 2023, a transatlantic incursion of HPAI A(H5N5) viruses into North America was detected, followed shortly thereafter by a mammalian detection. As these A(H5N5) viruses were similar to contemporary viruses described in Eurasia, the transatlantic spread of A(H5N5) viruses was most likely facilitated by pelagic seabirds. Some of the Canadian A(H5N5) viruses from birds and mammals possessed the PB2-E627K substitution known to facilitate adaptation to mammals. Ferrets inoculated with A(H5N5) viruses showed rapid, severe disease onset, with some evidence of direct contact transmission. However, these viruses have maintained receptor binding traits of avian influenza viruses and were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. Understanding the factors influencing the virulence and transmission of A(H5N5) in migratory birds and mammals is critical to minimize impacts on wildlife and public health. [Display omitted] •Seabirds likely enabled multiple incursions of A(H5N5) virus from Europe to Canada•Some A(H5N5) viruses possessed the mammalian adaptation marker PB2-E627K•A(H5N5) viruses demonstrated rapid 100% mortality and some transmission in ferrets•A(H5N5) viruses preferred avian virus receptors and are sensitive to NA inhibitors Erdelyan et al. reveal that seabirds likely facilitated the spread of A(H5N5) viruses from Europe to Canada. All viral segments were Eurasian. Hemagglutinin contained substitutions not present in Canadian A(H5N1) viruses. These viruses remain susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors. In ferrets, the virus caused rapid mortality, with some transmission to contacts. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread at an unprecedented scale, leading to mass mortalities in birds and mammals. In 2023, a transatlantic incursion of HPAI A(H5N5) viruses into North America was detected, followed shortly thereafter by a mammalian detection. As these A(H5N5) viruses were similar to contemporary viruses described in Eurasia, the transatlantic spread of A(H5N5) viruses was most likely facilitated by pelagic seabirds. Some of the Canadian A(H5N5) viruses from birds and mammals possessed the PB2-E627K substitution known to facilitate adaptation to mammals. Ferrets inoculated with A(H5N5) viruses showed rapid, severe disease onset, with some evidence of direct contact transmission. However, these viruses have maintained receptor binding traits of avian influenza viruses and were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. Understanding the factors influencing the virulence and transmission of A(H5N5) in migratory birds and mammals is critical to minimize impacts on wildlife and public health. Erdelyan et al. reveal that seabirds likely facilitated the spread of A(H5N5) viruses from Europe to Canada. All viral segments were Eurasian. Hemagglutinin contained substitutions not present in Canadian A(H5N1) viruses. These viruses remain susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors. In ferrets, the virus caused rapid mortality, with some transmission to contacts. |
| ArticleNumber | 114479 |
| Author | Andreev, Konstantin Hisanaga, Tamiko Jones, Megan E.B. Webby, Richard J. Signore, Anthony V. Vogel, Peter Lung, Oliver Jeevan, Trushar Erdelyan, Cassidy N.G. Franks, John Mubareka, Samira Jones, Jeremy C. Bøe, Cathrine Arnason Gjerset, Britt Alkie, Tamiru N. Ayilara, Ifeoluwa Miller, Lance Kandeil, Ahmed Sullivan, Daniel Yason, Carmencita Pama, Lemarie Berhane, Yohannes Bourque, Laura Seiler, Jon P. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 10 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada 7 Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI C1A 4P3, Canada 13 Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada 11 Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA 9 Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada 4 Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Atlantic Region, Charlottetown, PEI C1A 4P3, Canada 5 Comparative Pathology Core, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA 15 Lead contact 3 Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt 1 National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada 12 Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada – name: 6 Norwegian Veterinary Institute, 1433 Ås, Norway – name: 4 Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Atlantic Region, Charlottetown, PEI C1A 4P3, Canada – name: 7 Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI C1A 4P3, Canada – name: 15 Lead contact – name: 13 Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada – name: 12 Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada – name: 5 Comparative Pathology Core, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA – name: 10 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada – name: 9 Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada – name: 14 These authors contributed equally – name: 11 Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA – name: 2 Department of Pathology and Host-Microbe Interactions, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA – name: 3 Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt – name: 8 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2M5, Canada |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39003741$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | HPAI contact transmission avian influenza wildlife transmission CP: Microbiology A(H5N5) antiviral susceptibility Sable Island clade 2.3.4.4b ferret model |
| Language | English |
| License | This is an open access article under the CC BY license. Crown Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS Conceptualization, C.N.G.E., A.K., R.J.W., and Y.B. Formal analysis, C.N.G.E., A.K., A.V.S., and P.V. Investigation, A.K., T.N.A., P.V., I.A., L.P., K.A., T.J., J.F., J.C.J., L.M., C.A.B., B.J., T.H., and D.S. Visualization, C.N.G.E., A.K., A.V.S., and P.V. Writing – original draft, C.N.G.E. and A.K. Writing – review & editing, C.N.G.E., A.K., A.V.S., T.N.A., R.J.W., and Y.B. Funding acquisition, S.M., R.J.W., and Y.B. Resources, M.E.B.J., C.A.B., B.G., and C.Y. Supervision, T.H., O.L., R.J.W., and Y.B. |
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| Snippet | Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread at an unprecedented scale, leading to mass mortalities in birds and mammals. In 2023, a... |
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| SubjectTerms | A(H5N5) Animals antiviral susceptibility avian influenza Birds - virology clade 2.3.4.4b contact transmission CP: Microbiology ferret model Ferrets HPAI Humans Influenza A virus - genetics Influenza A virus - pathogenicity Influenza in Birds - transmission Influenza in Birds - virology Mammals - virology North America - epidemiology Orthomyxoviridae Infections - transmission Orthomyxoviridae Infections - virology Phylogeny Sable Island wildlife transmission |
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| Title | Multiple transatlantic incursions of highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N5) virus into North America and spillover to mammals |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114479 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39003741 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3080633248 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC11305400 https://doaj.org/article/d31d0d3782424576bf9d2577f534adcf |
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