Reaction kinetics of hydrothermal carbonization of loblolly pine
•An innovative reactor was designed to measure hydrothermal reaction kinetics.•At temperatures between 200 and 260°C, weight loss kinetics are quite rapid.•Reactions are modeled by parallel first-order degradation of hemicellulose and cellulose.•Mass transfer and reaction kinetics may both be import...
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| Published in | Bioresource technology Vol. 139; pp. 161 - 169 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Kidlington
Elsevier Ltd
01.07.2013
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | •An innovative reactor was designed to measure hydrothermal reaction kinetics.•At temperatures between 200 and 260°C, weight loss kinetics are quite rapid.•Reactions are modeled by parallel first-order degradation of hemicellulose and cellulose.•Mass transfer and reaction kinetics may both be important.
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a pretreatment process to convert diverse feedstocks to homogeneous energy-dense solid fuels. Understanding of reaction kinetics is necessary for reactor design and optimization. In this study, the reaction kinetics and effects of particle size on HTC were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a novel two-chamber reactor maintaining isothermal conditions for 15s to 30min reaction times. Loblolly pine was treated at 200, 230, and 260°C. During the first few minutes of reaction, the solid-product mass yield decreases rapidly while the calorific value increases rapidly. A simple reaction mechanism is proposed and validated, in which both hemicellulose and cellulose degrade in parallel first-order reactions. Activation energy of hemicellulose and cellulose degradation were determined to be 30 and 73kJ/mol, respectively. For short HTC times, both reaction and diffusion effects were observed. |
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| AbstractList | Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a pretreatment process to convert diverse feedstocks to homogeneous energy-dense solid fuels. Understanding of reaction kinetics is necessary for reactor design and optimization. In this study, the reaction kinetics and effects of particle size on HTC were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a novel two-chamber reactor maintaining isothermal conditions for 15s to 30 min reaction times. Loblolly pine was treated at 200, 230, and 260°C. During the first few minutes of reaction, the solid-product mass yield decreases rapidly while the calorific value increases rapidly. A simple reaction mechanism is proposed and validated, in which both hemicellulose and cellulose degrade in parallel first-order reactions. Activation energy of hemicellulose and cellulose degradation were determined to be 30 and 73 kJ/mol, respectively. For short HTC times, both reaction and diffusion effects were observed.Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a pretreatment process to convert diverse feedstocks to homogeneous energy-dense solid fuels. Understanding of reaction kinetics is necessary for reactor design and optimization. In this study, the reaction kinetics and effects of particle size on HTC were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a novel two-chamber reactor maintaining isothermal conditions for 15s to 30 min reaction times. Loblolly pine was treated at 200, 230, and 260°C. During the first few minutes of reaction, the solid-product mass yield decreases rapidly while the calorific value increases rapidly. A simple reaction mechanism is proposed and validated, in which both hemicellulose and cellulose degrade in parallel first-order reactions. Activation energy of hemicellulose and cellulose degradation were determined to be 30 and 73 kJ/mol, respectively. For short HTC times, both reaction and diffusion effects were observed. •An innovative reactor was designed to measure hydrothermal reaction kinetics.•At temperatures between 200 and 260°C, weight loss kinetics are quite rapid.•Reactions are modeled by parallel first-order degradation of hemicellulose and cellulose.•Mass transfer and reaction kinetics may both be important. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a pretreatment process to convert diverse feedstocks to homogeneous energy-dense solid fuels. Understanding of reaction kinetics is necessary for reactor design and optimization. In this study, the reaction kinetics and effects of particle size on HTC were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a novel two-chamber reactor maintaining isothermal conditions for 15s to 30min reaction times. Loblolly pine was treated at 200, 230, and 260°C. During the first few minutes of reaction, the solid-product mass yield decreases rapidly while the calorific value increases rapidly. A simple reaction mechanism is proposed and validated, in which both hemicellulose and cellulose degrade in parallel first-order reactions. Activation energy of hemicellulose and cellulose degradation were determined to be 30 and 73kJ/mol, respectively. For short HTC times, both reaction and diffusion effects were observed. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a pretreatment process to convert diverse feedstocks to homogeneous energy-dense solid fuels. Understanding of reaction kinetics is necessary for reactor design and optimization. In this study, the reaction kinetics and effects of particle size on HTC were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a novel two-chamber reactor maintaining isothermal conditions for 15 s to 30 min reaction times. Loblolly pine was treated at 200, 230, and 260 degree C. During the first few minutes of reaction, the solid-product mass yield decreases rapidly while the calorific value increases rapidly. A simple reaction mechanism is proposed and validated, in which both hemicellulose and cellulose degrade in parallel first-order reactions. Activation energy of hemicellulose and cellulose degradation were determined to be 30 and 73 kJ/mol, respectively. For short HTC times, both reaction and diffusion effects were observed. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a pretreatment process to convert diverse feedstocks to homogeneous energy-dense solid fuels. Understanding of reaction kinetics is necessary for reactor design and optimization. In this study, the reaction kinetics and effects of particle size on HTC were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a novel two-chamber reactor maintaining isothermal conditions for 15s to 30 min reaction times. Loblolly pine was treated at 200, 230, and 260°C. During the first few minutes of reaction, the solid-product mass yield decreases rapidly while the calorific value increases rapidly. A simple reaction mechanism is proposed and validated, in which both hemicellulose and cellulose degrade in parallel first-order reactions. Activation energy of hemicellulose and cellulose degradation were determined to be 30 and 73 kJ/mol, respectively. For short HTC times, both reaction and diffusion effects were observed. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a pretreatment process to convert diverse feedstocks to homogeneous energy-dense solid fuels. Understanding of reaction kinetics is necessary for reactor design and optimization. In this study, the reaction kinetics and effects of particle size on HTC were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a novel two-chamber reactor maintaining isothermal conditions for 15s to 30min reaction times. Loblolly pine was treated at 200, 230, and 260°C. During the first few minutes of reaction, the solid-product mass yield decreases rapidly while the calorific value increases rapidly. A simple reaction mechanism is proposed and validated, in which both hemicellulose and cellulose degrade in parallel first-order reactions. Activation energy of hemicellulose and cellulose degradation were determined to be 30 and 73kJ/mol, respectively. For short HTC times, both reaction and diffusion effects were observed. |
| Author | Lynam, Joan G. Reza, M. Toufiq Yan, Wei Coronella, Charles J. Vásquez, Victor R. Uddin, M. Helal Hoekman, S. Kent |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: M. Toufiq surname: Reza fullname: Reza, M. Toufiq organization: Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., MS0170, Reno, NV 89557, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Wei surname: Yan fullname: Yan, Wei organization: Gas Technology Institute, Birmingham, AL 35203, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: M. Helal surname: Uddin fullname: Uddin, M. Helal organization: Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., MS0170, Reno, NV 89557, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Joan G. surname: Lynam fullname: Lynam, Joan G. organization: Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., MS0170, Reno, NV 89557, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: S. Kent surname: Hoekman fullname: Hoekman, S. Kent organization: Division of Atmospheric Science, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Charles J. surname: Coronella fullname: Coronella, Charles J. email: coronella@unr.edu organization: Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., MS0170, Reno, NV 89557, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Victor R. surname: Vásquez fullname: Vásquez, Victor R. organization: Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., MS0170, Reno, NV 89557, USA |
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| Keywords | Energy densification Pinus taeda L Lignocellulosic biomass Thermal pretreatment Wet torrefaction Heat treatment Densification Pinus taeda Lignocellulosics Biomass Chemical reaction kinetics Carbonization Torrefaction Energy Softwood forest tree Gymnospermae Coniferales Spermatophyta Pretreatment |
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Pyrolysis doi: 10.1016/j.jaap.2006.01.002 |
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| Snippet | •An innovative reactor was designed to measure hydrothermal reaction kinetics.•At temperatures between 200 and 260°C, weight loss kinetics are quite... Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a pretreatment process to convert diverse feedstocks to homogeneous energy-dense solid fuels. Understanding of reaction... |
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| SubjectTerms | activation energy Biological and medical sciences Biomass Bioreactors Biotechnology Biotechnology - methods Carbon Carbon - metabolism Carbonization Cellulose Cellulose - metabolism Degradation drug effects Elastic Modulus Elastic Modulus - drug effects Energy densification feedstocks fuels Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology hemicellulose Kinetics Lignocellulosic biomass metabolism methods Particle Size pharmacology Pine Pinus taeda Pinus taeda - drug effects Pinus taeda L Polysaccharides Polysaccharides - metabolism Reaction kinetics reaction mechanisms Reaction time Reactor design Solid fuels Temperature Thermal pretreatment Time Factors Water Water - pharmacology Wet torrefaction |
| Title | Reaction kinetics of hydrothermal carbonization of loblolly pine |
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