Evaporative cooling provides a major metabolic energy sink
Elimination of food calories as heat could help redress the excess accumulation of metabolic energy exhibited as obesity. Prior studies have focused on the induction of thermogenesis in beige and brown adipose tissues as the application of this principle, particularly because the β-adrenergic enviro...
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Published in | Molecular metabolism (Germany) Vol. 27; pp. 47 - 61 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Germany
Elsevier GmbH
01.09.2019
Elsevier |
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Abstract | Elimination of food calories as heat could help redress the excess accumulation of metabolic energy exhibited as obesity. Prior studies have focused on the induction of thermogenesis in beige and brown adipose tissues as the application of this principle, particularly because the β-adrenergic environment associated with thermogenic activation has been shown to have positive health implications. The counterpoint to this strategy is the regulation of heat loss; we propose that mammals with inefficient heat conservation will require more thermogenesis to maintain body temperature.
Surface temperature thermography and rates of trans-epidermal water loss were integrated to profile the total heat transfer of genetically-engineered and genetically variable mice.
These data were incorporated with energy expenditure data to generate a biophysical profile to test the significance of increased rates of evaporative cooling.
We show that mouse skins vary considerably in their heat retention properties, whether because of naturally occurring variation (SKH-1 mice), or genetic modification of the heat-retaining lipid lamellae (SCD1, DGAT1 or Agouti Ay obese mice). In particular, we turn attention to widely different rates of evaporative cooling as the result of trans-epidermal water loss; higher rates of heat loss by evaporative cooling leads to increased demand for thermogenesis. We speculate that this physiology could be harnessed to create an energy sink to assist with strategies aimed at treating metabolic diseases. |
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AbstractList | Elimination of food calories as heat could help redress the excess accumulation of metabolic energy exhibited as obesity. Prior studies have focused on the induction of thermogenesis in beige and brown adipose tissues as the application of this principle, particularly because the β-adrenergic environment associated with thermogenic activation has been shown to have positive health implications. The counterpoint to this strategy is the regulation of heat loss; we propose that mammals with inefficient heat conservation will require more thermogenesis to maintain body temperature.
Surface temperature thermography and rates of trans-epidermal water loss were integrated to profile the total heat transfer of genetically-engineered and genetically variable mice.
These data were incorporated with energy expenditure data to generate a biophysical profile to test the significance of increased rates of evaporative cooling.
We show that mouse skins vary considerably in their heat retention properties, whether because of naturally occurring variation (SKH-1 mice), or genetic modification of the heat-retaining lipid lamellae (SCD1, DGAT1 or Agouti A
obese mice). In particular, we turn attention to widely different rates of evaporative cooling as the result of trans-epidermal water loss; higher rates of heat loss by evaporative cooling leads to increased demand for thermogenesis. We speculate that this physiology could be harnessed to create an energy sink to assist with strategies aimed at treating metabolic diseases. Objective: Elimination of food calories as heat could help redress the excess accumulation of metabolic energy exhibited as obesity. Prior studies have focused on the induction of thermogenesis in beige and brown adipose tissues as the application of this principle, particularly because the β-adrenergic environment associated with thermogenic activation has been shown to have positive health implications. The counterpoint to this strategy is the regulation of heat loss; we propose that mammals with inefficient heat conservation will require more thermogenesis to maintain body temperature. Methods: Surface temperature thermography and rates of trans-epidermal water loss were integrated to profile the total heat transfer of genetically-engineered and genetically variable mice. Results: These data were incorporated with energy expenditure data to generate a biophysical profile to test the significance of increased rates of evaporative cooling. Conclusions: We show that mouse skins vary considerably in their heat retention properties, whether because of naturally occurring variation (SKH-1 mice), or genetic modification of the heat-retaining lipid lamellae (SCD1, DGAT1 or Agouti Ay obese mice). In particular, we turn attention to widely different rates of evaporative cooling as the result of trans-epidermal water loss; higher rates of heat loss by evaporative cooling leads to increased demand for thermogenesis. We speculate that this physiology could be harnessed to create an energy sink to assist with strategies aimed at treating metabolic diseases. Keywords: Trans-epidermal water loss, Evaporative cooling, Epidermal barrier, Syndecan-1, Obesity, Mouse skin, Thermogenesis, Dermal white adipose tissue, Energy expenditure, Brown adipose tissue Elimination of food calories as heat could help redress the excess accumulation of metabolic energy exhibited as obesity. Prior studies have focused on the induction of thermogenesis in beige and brown adipose tissues as the application of this principle, particularly because the β-adrenergic environment associated with thermogenic activation has been shown to have positive health implications. The counterpoint to this strategy is the regulation of heat loss; we propose that mammals with inefficient heat conservation will require more thermogenesis to maintain body temperature. Surface temperature thermography and rates of trans-epidermal water loss were integrated to profile the total heat transfer of genetically-engineered and genetically variable mice. These data were incorporated with energy expenditure data to generate a biophysical profile to test the significance of increased rates of evaporative cooling. We show that mouse skins vary considerably in their heat retention properties, whether because of naturally occurring variation (SKH-1 mice), or genetic modification of the heat-retaining lipid lamellae (SCD1, DGAT1 or Agouti Ay obese mice). In particular, we turn attention to widely different rates of evaporative cooling as the result of trans-epidermal water loss; higher rates of heat loss by evaporative cooling leads to increased demand for thermogenesis. We speculate that this physiology could be harnessed to create an energy sink to assist with strategies aimed at treating metabolic diseases. OBJECTIVEElimination of food calories as heat could help redress the excess accumulation of metabolic energy exhibited as obesity. Prior studies have focused on the induction of thermogenesis in beige and brown adipose tissues as the application of this principle, particularly because the β-adrenergic environment associated with thermogenic activation has been shown to have positive health implications. The counterpoint to this strategy is the regulation of heat loss; we propose that mammals with inefficient heat conservation will require more thermogenesis to maintain body temperature. METHODSSurface temperature thermography and rates of trans-epidermal water loss were integrated to profile the total heat transfer of genetically-engineered and genetically variable mice. RESULTSThese data were incorporated with energy expenditure data to generate a biophysical profile to test the significance of increased rates of evaporative cooling. CONCLUSIONSWe show that mouse skins vary considerably in their heat retention properties, whether because of naturally occurring variation (SKH-1 mice), or genetic modification of the heat-retaining lipid lamellae (SCD1, DGAT1 or Agouti Ay obese mice). In particular, we turn attention to widely different rates of evaporative cooling as the result of trans-epidermal water loss; higher rates of heat loss by evaporative cooling leads to increased demand for thermogenesis. We speculate that this physiology could be harnessed to create an energy sink to assist with strategies aimed at treating metabolic diseases. |
Author | Adler, Doug Nelson, David W. Alexander, C.M. MacDougald, Ormond A. Hernando, Diego Eric Yen, C.-L. Kasza, Ildiko Dumas, Sabrina Ntambi, James M. Porter, Warren P. Best, Fred A. |
AuthorAffiliation | 4 Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States 3 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States 5 Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States 7 Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, United States 1 McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States 2 Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States 6 Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – name: 1 McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – name: 4 Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – name: 7 Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, United States – name: 5 Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – name: 6 Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – name: 2 Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ildiko surname: Kasza fullname: Kasza, Ildiko organization: McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: Doug surname: Adler fullname: Adler, Doug organization: Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: David W. surname: Nelson fullname: Nelson, David W. organization: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: C.-L. surname: Eric Yen fullname: Eric Yen, C.-L. organization: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: Sabrina surname: Dumas fullname: Dumas, Sabrina organization: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – sequence: 6 givenname: James M. surname: Ntambi fullname: Ntambi, James M. organization: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – sequence: 7 givenname: Ormond A. surname: MacDougald fullname: MacDougald, Ormond A. organization: Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, United States – sequence: 8 givenname: Diego surname: Hernando fullname: Hernando, Diego organization: Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – sequence: 9 givenname: Warren P. surname: Porter fullname: Porter, Warren P. organization: Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – sequence: 10 givenname: Fred A. surname: Best fullname: Best, Fred A. organization: Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States – sequence: 11 givenname: C.M. surname: Alexander fullname: Alexander, C.M. email: cmalexander@wisc.edu organization: McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1038_s42255_021_00372_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biochi_2022_10_015 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biochi_2023_05_013 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_020_73794_7 crossref_primary_10_1113_JP283261 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_molmet_2020_101144 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcell_2020_571648 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cmet_2023_12_024 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cmet_2020_04_013 crossref_primary_10_1113_JP280922 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphys_2022_888324 |
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Keywords | Obesity Trans-epidermal water loss Mouse skin Thermogenesis Dermal white adipose tissue Energy expenditure Evaporative cooling Epidermal barrier Syndecan-1 Brown adipose tissue |
Language | English |
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Snippet | Elimination of food calories as heat could help redress the excess accumulation of metabolic energy exhibited as obesity. Prior studies have focused on the... OBJECTIVEElimination of food calories as heat could help redress the excess accumulation of metabolic energy exhibited as obesity. Prior studies have focused... Objective: Elimination of food calories as heat could help redress the excess accumulation of metabolic energy exhibited as obesity. Prior studies have focused... |
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SubjectTerms | Adipose Tissue, Brown - physiology Animals Body Temperature Regulation Brown adipose tissue Dermal white adipose tissue Energy expenditure Energy Metabolism Epidermal barrier Evaporative cooling Female Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Mouse skin Obesity Original Skin Physiological Phenomena Syndecan-1 Thermogenesis Trans-epidermal water loss |
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Title | Evaporative cooling provides a major metabolic energy sink |
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