Cumulative environmental risk assessment of metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from ship activities in ports

• Published in: Marine pollution bulletin Vol. 189; p. 114805
• Main Authors: Lunde Hermansson, Anna, Hassellöv, Ida-Maja, Jalkanen, Jukka-Pekka, Ytreberg, Erik
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2023
• Subjects: Cumulative risk; environmental assessment; Environmental Monitoring - methods; fate and transport models; hydrodynamics; Marine environment; marine pollution; Metals; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis; Risk Assessment; Ship pollution; Ships; traffic; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis; Marine environment; Ship pollution; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Metals; Cumulative risk
• ISSN: 0025-326X; 1879-3363; 1879-3363
• DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114805

Marine environmental risk assessments rarely consider the cumulative risk from multiple contaminants and sources. Ships give rise to a range of contaminants, originating from different onboard sources, resulting in contaminant loads to the marine environment. Here, the Ship Traffic Emission Assessment Model (STEAM), in combination with the hydrodynamic and chemical fate model MAMPEC, was used to calculate loads and predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) of metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, in four ports. PECs were compared to the predicted no effect concentrations (PNEC) to assess environmental risk from the different onboard sources, both separately and cumulatively. The results show that three out of four ports were subject to unacceptable risk. This study highlights the importance of accounting for multiple contaminant sources when assessing the marine environmental risks of shipping and challenges the suitability of the proposed new international guidelines on how to assess risk of scrubber water discharge. [Display omitted] •Metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from ships result in unacceptable risk.•Antifouling and scrubbers are the main contributors to the cumulative risk in ports.•Current risk assessment of scrubbers is not providing adequate protection.•Stricter regulations on ship-activities would reduce contaminant load in ports.