Validation of Immunodetection (ELISA) of Ricin Using a Biological Activity Assay

:  The suitability of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 °C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity...

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Published inJournal of food science Vol. 76; no. 1; pp. C112 - C116
Main Authors Lumor, Stephen E., Hutt, Aaron, Ronningen, Ian, Diez-Gonzalez, Francisco, Labuza, Theodore P.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Malden, USA Blackwell Publishing Inc 01.01.2011
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Abstract :  The suitability of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 °C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity (amount of adenine released from DNA) was determined by means of a biological activity assay (BAA). Results showed that inactivation of ricin followed 1st‐order kinetics. The half‐life values for loss of bioactivity at 80, 85, and 90 °C were 1.93, 0.65, and 0.41 min, respectively. Similarly, the half‐life values for reduction in ricin concentration determined by ELISA were 3.06, 0.79, and 0.43 min, respectively. The half‐lives determined by both assays were only significantly different at 80 °C. The Z, Q10, and Arrhenius activation energy values determined by both assays were dissimilar: 11.74 ˚C, 7.12 and 50.1 kcal/mol, respectively, by ELISA; and 14.87 °C, 4.71 and 39.5 kcal/mol, respectively, by BAA. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that the 2 assays were highly correlated (R2= 1), and it can be concluded that ELISA would be a reliable method for detecting residual toxicity of heat‐treated ricin based on fraction lost. Practical Application:  The results of this study indicate that immunodetection, even though not a direct measurement of the biological activity of ricin, is suitable for determining the residual bioactivity of ricin since immunodetection and the biological activity assay used in this investigation were highly correlated. Therefore, ELISA can be used for routine assessment of residual activity or toxicity of ricin in thermally treated foods.
AbstractList The suitability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 degree C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity (amount of adenine released from DNA) was determined by means of a biological activity assay (BAA). Results showed that inactivation of ricin followed 1st-order kinetics. The half-life values for loss of bioactivity at 80, 85, and 90 degree C were 1.93, 0.65, and 0.41 min, respectively. Similarly, the half-life values for reduction in ricin concentration determined by ELISA were 3.06, 0.79, and 0.43 min, respectively. The half-lives determined by both assays were only significantly different at 80 degree C. The Z, Q10, and Arrhenius activation energy values determined by both assays were dissimilar: 11.74 [ring]C, 7.12 and 50.1 kcal/mol, respectively, by ELISA; and 14.87 degree C, 4.71 and 39.5 kcal/mol, respectively, by BAA. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that the 2 assays were highly correlated (R2= 1), and it can be concluded that ELISA would be a reliable method for detecting residual toxicity of heat-treated ricin based on fraction lost. Practical Application: The results of this study indicate that immunodetection, even though not a direct measurement of the biological activity of ricin, is suitable for determining the residual bioactivity of ricin since immunodetection and the biological activity assay used in this investigation were highly correlated. Therefore, ELISA can be used for routine assessment of residual activity or toxicity of ricin in thermally treated foods.
:  The suitability of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 °C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity (amount of adenine released from DNA) was determined by means of a biological activity assay (BAA). Results showed that inactivation of ricin followed 1st‐order kinetics. The half‐life values for loss of bioactivity at 80, 85, and 90 °C were 1.93, 0.65, and 0.41 min, respectively. Similarly, the half‐life values for reduction in ricin concentration determined by ELISA were 3.06, 0.79, and 0.43 min, respectively. The half‐lives determined by both assays were only significantly different at 80 °C. The Z, Q10, and Arrhenius activation energy values determined by both assays were dissimilar: 11.74 ˚C, 7.12 and 50.1 kcal/mol, respectively, by ELISA; and 14.87 °C, 4.71 and 39.5 kcal/mol, respectively, by BAA. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that the 2 assays were highly correlated (R2= 1), and it can be concluded that ELISA would be a reliable method for detecting residual toxicity of heat‐treated ricin based on fraction lost. Practical Application:  The results of this study indicate that immunodetection, even though not a direct measurement of the biological activity of ricin, is suitable for determining the residual bioactivity of ricin since immunodetection and the biological activity assay used in this investigation were highly correlated. Therefore, ELISA can be used for routine assessment of residual activity or toxicity of ricin in thermally treated foods.
The suitability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 °C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity (amount of adenine released from DNA) was determined by means of a biological activity assay (BAA). Results showed that inactivation of ricin followed 1st-order kinetics. The half-life values for loss of bioactivity at 80, 85, and 90 °C were 1.93, 0.65, and 0.41 min, respectively. Similarly, the half-life values for reduction in ricin concentration determined by ELISA were 3.06, 0.79, and 0.43 min, respectively. The half-lives determined by both assays were only significantly different at 80 °C. The Z, Q(10), and Arrhenius activation energy values determined by both assays were dissimilar: 11.74 ˚C, 7.12 and 50.1 kcal/mol, respectively, by ELISA; and 14.87 °C, 4.71 and 39.5 kcal/mol, respectively, by BAA. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that the 2 assays were highly correlated (R(2) = 1), and it can be concluded that ELISA would be a reliable method for detecting residual toxicity of heat-treated ricin based on fraction lost. Practical Application: The results of this study indicate that immunodetection, even though not a direct measurement of the biological activity of ricin, is suitable for determining the residual bioactivity of ricin since immunodetection and the biological activity assay used in this investigation were highly correlated. Therefore, ELISA can be used for routine assessment of residual activity or toxicity of ricin in thermally treated foods.
The suitability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 ...C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity (amount of adenine released from DNA) was determined by means of a biological activity assay (BAA). Results showed that inactivation of ricin followed 1st-order kinetics. The half-life values for loss of bioactivity at 80, 85, and 90 ...C were 1.93, 0.65, and 0.41 min, respectively. Similarly, the half-life values for reduction in ricin concentration determined by ELISA were 3.06, 0.79, and 0.43 min, respectively. The half-lives determined by both assays were only significantly different at 80 ...C. The Z, Q..., and Arrhenius activation energy values determined by both assays were dissimilar: 11.74 ...C, 7.12 and 50.1 kcal/mol, respectively, by ELISA; and 14.87 ...C, 4.71 and 39.5 kcal/mol, respectively, by BAA. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that the 2 assays were highly correlated (R... = 1), and it can be concluded that ELISA would be a reliable method for detecting residual toxicity of heat-treated ricin based on fraction lost. (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae/symbols omitted.)
The suitability of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 °C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity (amount of adenine released from DNA) was determined by means of a biological activity assay (BAA). Results showed that inactivation of ricin followed 1st‐order kinetics. The half‐life values for loss of bioactivity at 80, 85, and 90 °C were 1.93, 0.65, and 0.41 min, respectively. Similarly, the half‐life values for reduction in ricin concentration determined by ELISA were 3.06, 0.79, and 0.43 min, respectively. The half‐lives determined by both assays were only significantly different at 80 °C. The Z , Q 10 , and Arrhenius activation energy values determined by both assays were dissimilar: 11.74 ˚C, 7.12 and 50.1 kcal/mol, respectively, by ELISA; and 14.87 °C, 4.71 and 39.5 kcal/mol, respectively, by BAA. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that the 2 assays were highly correlated ( R 2 = 1), and it can be concluded that ELISA would be a reliable method for detecting residual toxicity of heat‐treated ricin based on fraction lost. Practical Application:  The results of this study indicate that immunodetection, even though not a direct measurement of the biological activity of ricin, is suitable for determining the residual bioactivity of ricin since immunodetection and the biological activity assay used in this investigation were highly correlated. Therefore, ELISA can be used for routine assessment of residual activity or toxicity of ricin in thermally treated foods.
Author Diez-Gonzalez, Francisco
Lumor, Stephen E.
Hutt, Aaron
Ronningen, Ian
Labuza, Theodore P.
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  organization: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza (E-mail: tplabuza@umn.edu)
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  email: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza ( tplabuza@umn.edu).
  organization: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza (E-mail: tplabuza@umn.edu)
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  organization: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza (E-mail: tplabuza@umn.edu)
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  email: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza ( tplabuza@umn.edu).
  organization: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza (E-mail: tplabuza@umn.edu)
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  givenname: Theodore P.
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  organization: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza (E-mail: tplabuza@umn.edu)
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Issue 1
Keywords Validation
Correlation
ricin
biological activity assay
Enzyme immunoassay
Detection
Activation energy
ELISA assay
Biological activity
Immunological method
ELISA
Language English
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2009; 81
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2005; 299
2000; 128
1997; 25
1986; 26
1980; 3
1988; 28
1974; 249
1983
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1972; 46
1979; 44
2007; 79
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Labuza TP (e_1_2_6_16_1) 1983
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Snippet :  The suitability of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally...
The suitability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally...
The suitability of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally...
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SubjectTerms activation energy
Adenine - metabolism
Assaying
Biological
biological activity assay
Biological and medical sciences
Chemical Warfare Agents - analysis
Chemical Warfare Agents - toxicity
correlation
DNA - metabolism
ELISA
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Enzymes
Food Contamination
Food industries
Food Inspection - methods
Food science
Foods
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Half-Life
Hot Temperature
Kinetics
Protein Stability
Proteins
ricin
Ricin - analysis
Ricin - toxicity
Toxicity
Toxins
Toxins, Biological - analysis
Toxins, Biological - toxicity
Validation studies
Title Validation of Immunodetection (ELISA) of Ricin Using a Biological Activity Assay
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