Validation of Immunodetection (ELISA) of Ricin Using a Biological Activity Assay
: The suitability of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 °C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity...
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Published in | Journal of food science Vol. 76; no. 1; pp. C112 - C116 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Malden, USA
Blackwell Publishing Inc
01.01.2011
Wiley Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
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Abstract | : The suitability of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 °C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity (amount of adenine released from DNA) was determined by means of a biological activity assay (BAA). Results showed that inactivation of ricin followed 1st‐order kinetics. The half‐life values for loss of bioactivity at 80, 85, and 90 °C were 1.93, 0.65, and 0.41 min, respectively. Similarly, the half‐life values for reduction in ricin concentration determined by ELISA were 3.06, 0.79, and 0.43 min, respectively. The half‐lives determined by both assays were only significantly different at 80 °C. The Z, Q10, and Arrhenius activation energy values determined by both assays were dissimilar: 11.74 ˚C, 7.12 and 50.1 kcal/mol, respectively, by ELISA; and 14.87 °C, 4.71 and 39.5 kcal/mol, respectively, by BAA. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that the 2 assays were highly correlated (R2= 1), and it can be concluded that ELISA would be a reliable method for detecting residual toxicity of heat‐treated ricin based on fraction lost.
Practical Application: The results of this study indicate that immunodetection, even though not a direct measurement of the biological activity of ricin, is suitable for determining the residual bioactivity of ricin since immunodetection and the biological activity assay used in this investigation were highly correlated. Therefore, ELISA can be used for routine assessment of residual activity or toxicity of ricin in thermally treated foods. |
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AbstractList | The suitability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 degree C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity (amount of adenine released from DNA) was determined by means of a biological activity assay (BAA). Results showed that inactivation of ricin followed 1st-order kinetics. The half-life values for loss of bioactivity at 80, 85, and 90 degree C were 1.93, 0.65, and 0.41 min, respectively. Similarly, the half-life values for reduction in ricin concentration determined by ELISA were 3.06, 0.79, and 0.43 min, respectively. The half-lives determined by both assays were only significantly different at 80 degree C. The Z, Q10, and Arrhenius activation energy values determined by both assays were dissimilar: 11.74 [ring]C, 7.12 and 50.1 kcal/mol, respectively, by ELISA; and 14.87 degree C, 4.71 and 39.5 kcal/mol, respectively, by BAA. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that the 2 assays were highly correlated (R2= 1), and it can be concluded that ELISA would be a reliable method for detecting residual toxicity of heat-treated ricin based on fraction lost. Practical Application: The results of this study indicate that immunodetection, even though not a direct measurement of the biological activity of ricin, is suitable for determining the residual bioactivity of ricin since immunodetection and the biological activity assay used in this investigation were highly correlated. Therefore, ELISA can be used for routine assessment of residual activity or toxicity of ricin in thermally treated foods. : The suitability of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 °C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity (amount of adenine released from DNA) was determined by means of a biological activity assay (BAA). Results showed that inactivation of ricin followed 1st‐order kinetics. The half‐life values for loss of bioactivity at 80, 85, and 90 °C were 1.93, 0.65, and 0.41 min, respectively. Similarly, the half‐life values for reduction in ricin concentration determined by ELISA were 3.06, 0.79, and 0.43 min, respectively. The half‐lives determined by both assays were only significantly different at 80 °C. The Z, Q10, and Arrhenius activation energy values determined by both assays were dissimilar: 11.74 ˚C, 7.12 and 50.1 kcal/mol, respectively, by ELISA; and 14.87 °C, 4.71 and 39.5 kcal/mol, respectively, by BAA. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that the 2 assays were highly correlated (R2= 1), and it can be concluded that ELISA would be a reliable method for detecting residual toxicity of heat‐treated ricin based on fraction lost. Practical Application: The results of this study indicate that immunodetection, even though not a direct measurement of the biological activity of ricin, is suitable for determining the residual bioactivity of ricin since immunodetection and the biological activity assay used in this investigation were highly correlated. Therefore, ELISA can be used for routine assessment of residual activity or toxicity of ricin in thermally treated foods. The suitability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 °C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity (amount of adenine released from DNA) was determined by means of a biological activity assay (BAA). Results showed that inactivation of ricin followed 1st-order kinetics. The half-life values for loss of bioactivity at 80, 85, and 90 °C were 1.93, 0.65, and 0.41 min, respectively. Similarly, the half-life values for reduction in ricin concentration determined by ELISA were 3.06, 0.79, and 0.43 min, respectively. The half-lives determined by both assays were only significantly different at 80 °C. The Z, Q(10), and Arrhenius activation energy values determined by both assays were dissimilar: 11.74 ˚C, 7.12 and 50.1 kcal/mol, respectively, by ELISA; and 14.87 °C, 4.71 and 39.5 kcal/mol, respectively, by BAA. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that the 2 assays were highly correlated (R(2) = 1), and it can be concluded that ELISA would be a reliable method for detecting residual toxicity of heat-treated ricin based on fraction lost. Practical Application: The results of this study indicate that immunodetection, even though not a direct measurement of the biological activity of ricin, is suitable for determining the residual bioactivity of ricin since immunodetection and the biological activity assay used in this investigation were highly correlated. Therefore, ELISA can be used for routine assessment of residual activity or toxicity of ricin in thermally treated foods. The suitability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 ...C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity (amount of adenine released from DNA) was determined by means of a biological activity assay (BAA). Results showed that inactivation of ricin followed 1st-order kinetics. The half-life values for loss of bioactivity at 80, 85, and 90 ...C were 1.93, 0.65, and 0.41 min, respectively. Similarly, the half-life values for reduction in ricin concentration determined by ELISA were 3.06, 0.79, and 0.43 min, respectively. The half-lives determined by both assays were only significantly different at 80 ...C. The Z, Q..., and Arrhenius activation energy values determined by both assays were dissimilar: 11.74 ...C, 7.12 and 50.1 kcal/mol, respectively, by ELISA; and 14.87 ...C, 4.71 and 39.5 kcal/mol, respectively, by BAA. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that the 2 assays were highly correlated (R... = 1), and it can be concluded that ELISA would be a reliable method for detecting residual toxicity of heat-treated ricin based on fraction lost. (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae/symbols omitted.) The suitability of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally treated at 80 to 90 °C for up to 9 min, and its residual concentration was determined by means of a commercial ELISA kit, and its bioactivity (amount of adenine released from DNA) was determined by means of a biological activity assay (BAA). Results showed that inactivation of ricin followed 1st‐order kinetics. The half‐life values for loss of bioactivity at 80, 85, and 90 °C were 1.93, 0.65, and 0.41 min, respectively. Similarly, the half‐life values for reduction in ricin concentration determined by ELISA were 3.06, 0.79, and 0.43 min, respectively. The half‐lives determined by both assays were only significantly different at 80 °C. The Z , Q 10 , and Arrhenius activation energy values determined by both assays were dissimilar: 11.74 ˚C, 7.12 and 50.1 kcal/mol, respectively, by ELISA; and 14.87 °C, 4.71 and 39.5 kcal/mol, respectively, by BAA. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that the 2 assays were highly correlated ( R 2 = 1), and it can be concluded that ELISA would be a reliable method for detecting residual toxicity of heat‐treated ricin based on fraction lost. Practical Application: The results of this study indicate that immunodetection, even though not a direct measurement of the biological activity of ricin, is suitable for determining the residual bioactivity of ricin since immunodetection and the biological activity assay used in this investigation were highly correlated. Therefore, ELISA can be used for routine assessment of residual activity or toxicity of ricin in thermally treated foods. |
Author | Diez-Gonzalez, Francisco Lumor, Stephen E. Hutt, Aaron Ronningen, Ian Labuza, Theodore P. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Stephen E. surname: Lumor fullname: Lumor, Stephen E. email: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza ( tplabuza@umn.edu). organization: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza (E-mail: tplabuza@umn.edu) – sequence: 2 givenname: Aaron surname: Hutt fullname: Hutt, Aaron email: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza ( tplabuza@umn.edu). organization: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza (E-mail: tplabuza@umn.edu) – sequence: 3 givenname: Ian surname: Ronningen fullname: Ronningen, Ian email: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza ( tplabuza@umn.edu). organization: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza (E-mail: tplabuza@umn.edu) – sequence: 4 givenname: Francisco surname: Diez-Gonzalez fullname: Diez-Gonzalez, Francisco email: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza ( tplabuza@umn.edu). organization: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza (E-mail: tplabuza@umn.edu) – sequence: 5 givenname: Theodore P. surname: Labuza fullname: Labuza, Theodore P. email: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza ( tplabuza@umn.edu). organization: Authors are with Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Univ. of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Labuza (E-mail: tplabuza@umn.edu) |
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Cites_doi | 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47538-2 10.1021/ed061p348 10.1128/AEM.00096-06 10.1016/j.jim.2005.01.008 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.08.078 10.1093/nar/26.18.4306 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)96762-0 10.1021/jf061199n 10.1038/249627a0 10.1016/S0015-7368(88)72840-6 10.1093/nar/25.3.518 10.1016/S0015-7368(86)72516-4 10.1007/BF02401711 10.1021/ac8026433 10.1016/S0006-291X(72)80181-5 10.1128/AAC.28.2.265 10.1021/ac061498b 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1979.tb03472.x 10.1042/bj2590639 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022827 10.1016/0041-0101(80)90088-4 |
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Keywords | Validation Correlation ricin biological activity assay Enzyme immunoassay Detection Activation energy ELISA assay Biological activity Immunological method ELISA |
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Snippet | : The suitability of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally... The suitability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally... The suitability of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for residual ricin toxicity determination was investigated in this study. Ricin was thermally... |
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SubjectTerms | activation energy Adenine - metabolism Assaying Biological biological activity assay Biological and medical sciences Chemical Warfare Agents - analysis Chemical Warfare Agents - toxicity correlation DNA - metabolism ELISA Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Enzymes Food Contamination Food industries Food Inspection - methods Food science Foods Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Half-Life Hot Temperature Kinetics Protein Stability Proteins ricin Ricin - analysis Ricin - toxicity Toxicity Toxins Toxins, Biological - analysis Toxins, Biological - toxicity Validation studies |
Title | Validation of Immunodetection (ELISA) of Ricin Using a Biological Activity Assay |
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