The Actin Filament: Severing Domain of Plasma Gelsolin

Gelsolin, a multifunctional actin-modulating protein, has two actin-binding sites which may interact cooperatively. Native gelsolin requires micromolar Ca2+ for optimal binding of actin to both sites, and for expression of its actin filament-severing function. Recent work has shown that an NH2-termi...

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Published inThe Journal of cell biology Vol. 103; no. 4; pp. 1473 - 1481
Main Authors Chaponnier, Christine, Janmey, Paul A., Yin, Helen L.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York, NY Rockefeller University Press 01.10.1986
The Rockefeller University Press
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Abstract Gelsolin, a multifunctional actin-modulating protein, has two actin-binding sites which may interact cooperatively. Native gelsolin requires micromolar Ca2+ for optimal binding of actin to both sites, and for expression of its actin filament-severing function. Recent work has shown that an NH2-terminal chymotryptic 17-kD fragment of human plasma gelsolin contains one of the actin-binding sites, and that this fragment binds to and severs actin filaments weakly irrespective of whether Ca2+ is present. The other binding site is Ca2+ sensitive, and is found in a chymotryptic peptide derived from the COOH-terminal two-thirds of plasma gelsolin; this fragment does not sever F-actin or accelerate the polymerization of actin. This paper documents that larger thermolysin-derived fragments encompassing the NH2-terminal half of gelsolin sever actin filaments as effectively as native plasma gelsolin, although in a Ca2+-insensitive manner. This result indicates that the NH2-terminal half of gelsolin is the actin-severing domain. The stringent Ca2+ requirement for actin severing found in intact gelsolin is not due to a direct effect of Ca2+ on the severing domain, but indirectly through an effect on domains in the COOH-terminal half of the molecule to allow exposure of both actin-binding sites.
AbstractList Gelsolin, a multifunctional actin-modulating protein, has two actin-binding sites which may interact cooperatively. Native gelsolin requires micromolar Ca2+ for optimal binding of actin to both sites, and for expression of its actin filament-severing function. Recent work has shown that an NH2-terminal chymotryptic 17-kD fragment of human plasma gelsolin contains one of the actin-binding sites, and that this fragment binds to and severs actin filaments weakly irrespective of whether Ca2+ is present. The other binding site is Ca2+ sensitive, and is found in a chymotryptic peptide derived from the COOH-terminal two-thirds of plasma gelsolin; this fragment does not sever F-actin or accelerate the polymerization of actin. This paper documents that larger thermolysin-derived fragments encompassing the NH2-terminal half of gelsolin sever actin filaments as effectively as native plasma gelsolin, although in a Ca2+-insensitive manner. This result indicates that the NH2-terminal half of gelsolin is the actin-severing domain. The stringent Ca2+ requirement for actin severing found in intact gelsolin is not due to a direct effect of Ca2+ on the severing domain, but indirectly through an effect on domains in the COOH-terminal half of the molecule to allow exposure of both actin-binding sites.
Author Chaponnier, Christine
Janmey, Paul A.
Yin, Helen L.
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Issue 4
Keywords Human
Binding protein
Calcium
Actins
Contractile protein
Molecular interaction
Binding site
Blood
Blood plasma
Language English
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Snippet Gelsolin, a multifunctional actin-modulating protein, has two actin-binding sites which may interact cooperatively. Native gelsolin requires micromolar Ca2+...
Gelsolin, a multifunctional actin-modulating protein, has two actin- binding sites which may interact cooperatively. Native gelsolin requires micromolar Ca2+...
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SubjectTerms Actin Cytoskeleton - metabolism
Actins
Actins - metabolism
Amino Acid Sequence
Amino acids
Antibodies
Antibodies, Monoclonal - immunology
Binding Sites
Biochemistry
Biological and medical sciences
Blood plasma
Calcium - pharmacology
Calcium-Binding Proteins - immunology
Calcium-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Cell structures and functions
Cytoskeleton - metabolism
Cytoskeleton, cytoplasm. Intracellular movements
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gels
Gelsolin
Humans
Microfilament Proteins - immunology
Microfilament Proteins - metabolism
Microfilaments
Molecular and cellular biology
Molecules
Monomers
Polymerization
Protein Binding
Thermolysin
Title The Actin Filament: Severing Domain of Plasma Gelsolin
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3021782
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Volume 103
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