Effect of nonylphenol on growth of Neurospora crassa and Candida albicans

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Published inApplied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 63; no. 4; pp. 1312 - 1317
Main Authors Karley, A J, Powell, S I, Davies, J M
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Washington, DC American Society for Microbiology 01.04.1997
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AbstractList The effects of the nonionic surfactant nonylphenol on the growth and morphologies of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa and the diploid yeast Candida albicans have been examined. Nonylphenol inhibited respiration and growth of N. crassa, effecting a 10-fold decrease in organism yield at 25 microM. Severe morphological defects were also induced: cell shape was abnormal and apical dominance was lost. Nonylphenol monoethoxylate (the parent compound of nonylphenol) was a less potent growth inhibitor and morphogen. The growth of the yeast form of C. albicans was sensitive to nonylphenol (inducing an order of magnitude decrease in specific growth rate with a 10-fold increase in dose concentration) but not nonylphenol monoethoxylate. Similarly, C. albicans ATP content was reduced and glucose-induced extracellular acidification was inhibited only by nonylphenol. Although estrogens may induce the dimorphic transition of C. albicans, nonylphenol (as an environmental estrogen mimic) failed to trigger germ tube formation under nonpermissive conditions and inhibited it under permissive conditions. The effects of nonylphenol are most readily explained as the result of uncoupling of respiration, which produces multiple physiological effects.The effects of the nonionic surfactant nonylphenol on the growth and morphologies of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa and the diploid yeast Candida albicans have been examined. Nonylphenol inhibited respiration and growth of N. crassa, effecting a 10-fold decrease in organism yield at 25 microM. Severe morphological defects were also induced: cell shape was abnormal and apical dominance was lost. Nonylphenol monoethoxylate (the parent compound of nonylphenol) was a less potent growth inhibitor and morphogen. The growth of the yeast form of C. albicans was sensitive to nonylphenol (inducing an order of magnitude decrease in specific growth rate with a 10-fold increase in dose concentration) but not nonylphenol monoethoxylate. Similarly, C. albicans ATP content was reduced and glucose-induced extracellular acidification was inhibited only by nonylphenol. Although estrogens may induce the dimorphic transition of C. albicans, nonylphenol (as an environmental estrogen mimic) failed to trigger germ tube formation under nonpermissive conditions and inhibited it under permissive conditions. The effects of nonylphenol are most readily explained as the result of uncoupling of respiration, which produces multiple physiological effects.
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The effects of the nonionic surfactant nonylphenol on the growth and morphologies of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa and the diploid yeast Candida albicans have been examined. Nonylphenol inhibited respiration and growth of N. crassa, effecting a 10-fold decrease in organism yield at 25 mu M. Severe morphological defects were also induced: cell shape was abnormal and apical dominance was lost. Nonylphenol monoethoxylate (the parent compound of nonylphenol) was a less potent growth inhibitor and morphogen. The growth of the yeast form of C. albicans was sensitive to nonylphenol (inducing an order of magnitude decrease in specific growth rate with a 10-fold increase in dose concentration) but not nonylphenol monoethoxylate. Similarly, C. albicans ATP content was reduced and glucose-induced extracellular acidification was inhibited only by nonylphenol. Although estrogens may induce the dimorphic transition of C. albicans, nonylphenol (as an environmental estrogen mimic) failed to trigger germ tube formation under nonpermissive conditions and inhibited it under permissive conditions. The effects of nonylphenol are most readily explained as the result of uncoupling of respiration, which produces multiple physiological effects.
The effects of the nonionic surfactant nonylphenol on the growth and morphologies of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa and the diploid yeast Candida albicans have been examined. Nonylphenol inhibited respiration and growth of N. crassa, effecting a 10-fold decrease in organism yield at 25 microM. Severe morphological defects were also induced: cell shape was abnormal and apical dominance was lost. Nonylphenol monoethoxylate (the parent compound of nonylphenol) was a less potent growth inhibitor and morphogen. The growth of the yeast form of C. albicans was sensitive to nonylphenol (inducing an order of magnitude decrease in specific growth rate with a 10-fold increase in dose concentration) but not nonylphenol monoethoxylate. Similarly, C. albicans ATP content was reduced and glucose-induced extracellular acidification was inhibited only by nonylphenol. Although estrogens may induce the dimorphic transition of C. albicans, nonylphenol (as an environmental estrogen mimic) failed to trigger germ tube formation under nonpermissive conditions and inhibited it under permissive conditions. The effects of nonylphenol are most readily explained as the result of uncoupling of respiration, which produces multiple physiological effects.
The nonionic surfactant nonylphenol (NP)-a widely used industrial chemical- can be introduced into the environment from industrial discharges or in pesticides. NP effects on the growth and morphologies of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa and the diploid yeast Candida albicans were studied. NP inhibited N. crassa respiration and growth and induced serious morphological defects. The NP parent compound had less pronounced effects on N. crassa. Yeast growth was sensitive to NP in a dose-dependent manner, but not to the NP parent. NP (but not the NP parent) also inhibited yeast ATP content and glucose-induced extracellular acidification. Although NP mimics some effects of estrogen, it did not trigger germ tube formation in yeast under nonpermissive conditions or inhibit this formation under permissive conditions, as estrogen does. NP appears to act by uncoupling respiration, producing multiple physiological effects.
Author A J Karley
J M Davies
S I Powell
AuthorAffiliation Biology Department, University of York, United Kingdom
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Issue 4
Keywords Candida albicans
Microorganism growth
Yeast
Non ionic surfactant
Fungi
Morphology
Microorganism culture
Ascomycetes
Neurospora crassa
Physiology
Fungi Imperfecti
Inhibition
Respiration
Thallophyta
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Snippet Services AEM Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon...
The effects of the nonionic surfactant nonylphenol on the growth and morphologies of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa and the diploid yeast Candida...
The nonionic surfactant nonylphenol (NP)-a widely used industrial chemical- can be introduced into the environment from industrial discharges or in pesticides....
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StartPage 1312
SubjectTerms Action of physical and chemical agents
Biological and medical sciences
Candida albicans
Candida albicans - drug effects
Candida albicans - growth & development
Culture Media
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Glucose
Microbiology
Mycology
Neurospora crassa
Neurospora crassa - drug effects
Neurospora crassa - growth & development
Oxygen
Phenols - toxicity
Title Effect of nonylphenol on growth of Neurospora crassa and Candida albicans
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