Highlights on distinctive structural and functional properties of HTLV Tax proteins
Human T cell leukemia viruses (HTLVs) are complex human retroviruses of the Deltaretrovirus genus. Four types have been identified thus far, with HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 much more prevalent than HTLV-3 or HTLV-4. HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 possess strictly related genomic structures, but differ significantly in pa...
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| Published in | Frontiers in microbiology Vol. 4; p. 271 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A
09.09.2013
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| Abstract | Human T cell leukemia viruses (HTLVs) are complex human retroviruses of the Deltaretrovirus genus. Four types have been identified thus far, with HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 much more prevalent than HTLV-3 or HTLV-4. HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 possess strictly related genomic structures, but differ significantly in pathogenicity, as HTLV-1 is the causative agent of adult T cell leukemia and of HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis, whereas HTLV-2 is not associated with neoplasia. HTLVs code for a protein named Tax that is responsible for enhancing viral expression and drives cell transformation. Much effort has been invested to dissect the impact of Tax on signal transduction pathways and to identify functional differences between the HTLV Tax proteins that may explain the distinct oncogenic potential of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. This review summarizes our current knowledge of Tax-1 and Tax-2 with emphasis on their structure, role in activation of the NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-B) pathway, and interactions with host factors. |
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| AbstractList | Human T cell leukemia viruses (HTLVs) are complex human retroviruses of the Deltaretrovirus genus. Four types have been identified thus far, with HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 much more prevalent than HTLV-3 or HTLV-4. HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 possess strictly related genomic structures, but differ significantly in pathogenicity, as HTLV-1 is the causative agent of adult T cell leukemia and of HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis, whereas HTLV-2 is not associated with neoplasia. HTLVs code for a protein named Tax that is responsible for enhancing viral expression and drives cell transformation. Much effort has been invested to dissect the impact of Tax on signal transduction pathways and to identify functional differences between the HTLV Tax proteins that may explain the distinct oncogenic potential of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. This review summarizes our current knowledge of Tax-1 and Tax-2 with emphasis on their structure, role in activation of the NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-B) pathway, and interactions with host factors. Human T cell leukemia viruses (HTLVs) are complex human retroviruses of the Deltaretrovirus genus. Four types have been identified thus far, with HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 much more prevalent than HTLV-3 or HTLV-4. HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 possess strictly related genomic structures, but differ significantly in pathogenicity, as HTLV-1 is the causative agent of adult T cell leukemia and of HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis, whereas HTLV-2 is not associated with neoplasia. HTLVs code for a protein named Tax that is responsible for enhancing viral expression and drives cell transformation. Much effort has been invested to dissect the impact of Tax on signal transduction pathways and to identify functional differences between the HTLV Tax proteins that may explain the distinct oncogenic potential of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. This review summarizes our current knowledge of Tax-1 and Tax-2 with emphasis on their structure, role in activation of the NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-B) pathway, and interactions with host factors. Human T-cell Leukemia Viruses (HTLVs) are complex human retroviruses of the Deltaretrovirus genus. Four types have been identified thus far, with HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 much more prevalent than HTLV-3 or -4 . HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 possess strictly related genomic structures, but differ significantly in pathogenicity, as HTLV-1 is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and of HTLV associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), whereas HTLV-2 is not associated with neoplasia. HTLVs code for a protein named Tax that is responsible for enhancing viral expression and drives cell transformation. Much effort has been invested to dissect the impact of Tax on signal transduction pathways and to identify functional differences between the HTLV Tax proteins that may explain the distinct oncogenic potential of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. This review summarizes our current knowledge of Tax-1 and Tax-2 with emphasis on their structure, role in activation of the NF-kB pathway, and interactions with host factors. |
| Author | Romanelli, Maria Grazia Ciminale, Vincenzo Casoli, Claudio Bergamo, Elisa Bertazzoni, Umberto Bex, Françoise Diani, Erica |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona Verona, Italy 2 GEMIB laboratory, Center for Medical Research and Molecular Diagnostics Parma, Italy 4 Institute for Microbiological Research J-M Wiame, Laboratory of Microbiology, Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels, Belgium 3 Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua Padua, Italy |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona Verona, Italy – name: 4 Institute for Microbiological Research J-M Wiame, Laboratory of Microbiology, Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels, Belgium – name: 2 GEMIB laboratory, Center for Medical Research and Molecular Diagnostics Parma, Italy – name: 3 Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua Padua, Italy |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Maria Grazia surname: Romanelli fullname: Romanelli, Maria Grazia organization: Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona Verona, Italy – sequence: 2 givenname: Erica surname: Diani fullname: Diani, Erica – sequence: 3 givenname: Elisa surname: Bergamo fullname: Bergamo, Elisa – sequence: 4 givenname: Claudio surname: Casoli fullname: Casoli, Claudio – sequence: 5 givenname: Vincenzo surname: Ciminale fullname: Ciminale, Vincenzo – sequence: 6 givenname: Françoise surname: Bex fullname: Bex, Françoise – sequence: 7 givenname: Umberto surname: Bertazzoni fullname: Bertazzoni, Umberto |
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| Keywords | NF-κB signal transduction HTLV Tax proteins |
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| Snippet | Human T cell leukemia viruses (HTLVs) are complex human retroviruses of the Deltaretrovirus genus. Four types have been identified thus far, with HTLV-1 and... Human T cell leukemia viruses (HTLVs) are complex human retroviruses of the Deltaretrovirus genus. Four types have been identified thus far, with HTLV-1 and... Human T-cell Leukemia Viruses (HTLVs) are complex human retroviruses of the Deltaretrovirus genus. Four types have been identified thus far, with HTLV-1 and... |
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| SubjectTerms | HTLV Microbiology NF-kappa B Signal Transduction Tax-1 Tax-2 |
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| Title | Highlights on distinctive structural and functional properties of HTLV Tax proteins |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24058363 https://search.proquest.com/docview/1540109935 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC3766827 https://doaj.org/article/93bc0de5fd1541d2992fd6d363aa69f1 |
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