Acute Respiratory Illnesses in Children in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Prospective Multicenter Study

Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This study was...

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Published inPediatrics (Evanston) Vol. 148; no. 2; p. 1
Main Authors Haddadin, Zaid, Schuster, Jennifer E., Spieker, Andrew J., Rahman, Herdi, Blozinski, Anna, Stewart, Laura, Campbell, Angela P., Lively, Joana Y., Michaels, Marian G., Williams, John V., Boom, Julie A., Sahni, Leila C., Staat, Mary, McNeal, Monica, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Harrison, Christopher J., Weinberg, Geoffrey A., Szilagyi, Peter G., Englund, Janet A., Klein, Eileen J., Curns, Aaron T., Rha, Brian, Langley, Gayle E., Hall, Aron J., Patel, Manish M., Halasa, Natasha B.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Academy of Pediatrics 01.08.2021
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Abstract Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This study was a prospective, multicenter, population-based ARI surveillance, including children seen in the emergency departments and inpatient settings in 7 US cities for ARI. Respiratory samples were collected and evaluated by molecular testing. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between community mitigation and number of eligible and proportion of RSV and influenza cases. Overall, 45 759 children were eligible; 25 415 were enrolled and tested; 25% and 14% were RSV-positive and influenza-positive, respectively. In 2020, we noted a decrease in eligible and enrolled ARI subjects after community mitigation measures were introduced, with no RSV or influenza detection from April 5, 2020, to April 30, 2020. Compared with 2016-2019, there was an average of 10.6 fewer eligible ARI cases per week per site and 63.9% and 45.8% lower odds of patients testing positive for RSV and influenza, respectively, during the 2020 community mitigation period. In all sites except Seattle, the proportions of positive tests for RSV and influenza in the 2020 community mitigation period were lower than predicted. Between March and April 2020, rapid declines in ARI cases and the proportions of RSV and influenza in children were consistently noted across 7 US cities, which could be attributable to community mitigation measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
AbstractList Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This study was a prospective, multicenter, population-based ARI surveillance, including children seen in the emergency departments and inpatient settings in 7 US cities for ARI. Respiratory samples were collected and evaluated by molecular testing. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between community mitigation and number of eligible and proportion of RSV and influenza cases. Overall, 45 759 children were eligible; 25 415 were enrolled and tested; 25% and 14% were RSV-positive and influenza-positive, respectively. In 2020, we noted a decrease in eligible and enrolled ARI subjects after community mitigation measures were introduced, with no RSV or influenza detection from April 5, 2020, to April 30, 2020. Compared with 2016-2019, there was an average of 10.6 fewer eligible ARI cases per week per site and 63.9% and 45.8% lower odds of patients testing positive for RSV and influenza, respectively, during the 2020 community mitigation period. In all sites except Seattle, the proportions of positive tests for RSV and influenza in the 2020 community mitigation period were lower than predicted. Between March and April 2020, rapid declines in ARI cases and the proportions of RSV and influenza in children were consistently noted across 7 US cities, which could be attributable to community mitigation measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.OBJECTIVESNonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.This study was a prospective, multicenter, population-based ARI surveillance, including children seen in the emergency departments and inpatient settings in 7 US cities for ARI. Respiratory samples were collected and evaluated by molecular testing. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between community mitigation and number of eligible and proportion of RSV and influenza cases.METHODSThis study was a prospective, multicenter, population-based ARI surveillance, including children seen in the emergency departments and inpatient settings in 7 US cities for ARI. Respiratory samples were collected and evaluated by molecular testing. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between community mitigation and number of eligible and proportion of RSV and influenza cases.Overall, 45 759 children were eligible; 25 415 were enrolled and tested; 25% and 14% were RSV-positive and influenza-positive, respectively. In 2020, we noted a decrease in eligible and enrolled ARI subjects after community mitigation measures were introduced, with no RSV or influenza detection from April 5, 2020, to April 30, 2020. Compared with 2016-2019, there was an average of 10.6 fewer eligible ARI cases per week per site and 63.9% and 45.8% lower odds of patients testing positive for RSV and influenza, respectively, during the 2020 community mitigation period. In all sites except Seattle, the proportions of positive tests for RSV and influenza in the 2020 community mitigation period were lower than predicted.RESULTSOverall, 45 759 children were eligible; 25 415 were enrolled and tested; 25% and 14% were RSV-positive and influenza-positive, respectively. In 2020, we noted a decrease in eligible and enrolled ARI subjects after community mitigation measures were introduced, with no RSV or influenza detection from April 5, 2020, to April 30, 2020. Compared with 2016-2019, there was an average of 10.6 fewer eligible ARI cases per week per site and 63.9% and 45.8% lower odds of patients testing positive for RSV and influenza, respectively, during the 2020 community mitigation period. In all sites except Seattle, the proportions of positive tests for RSV and influenza in the 2020 community mitigation period were lower than predicted.Between March and April 2020, rapid declines in ARI cases and the proportions of RSV and influenza in children were consistently noted across 7 US cities, which could be attributable to community mitigation measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.CONCLUSIONSBetween March and April 2020, rapid declines in ARI cases and the proportions of RSV and influenza in children were consistently noted across 7 US cities, which could be attributable to community mitigation measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
OBJECTIVES Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. METHODS This study was a prospective, multicenter, population-based ARI surveillance, including children seen in the emergency departments and inpatient settings in 7 US cities for ARI. Respiratory samples were collected and evaluated by molecular testing. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between community mitigation and number of eligible and proportion of RSV and influenza cases. RESULTS Overall, 45 759 children were eligible; 25 415 were enrolled and tested; 25% and 14% were RSV-positive and influenza-positive, respectively. In 2020, we noted a decrease in eligible and enrolled ARI subjects after community mitigation measures were introduced, with no RSV or influenza detection from April 5, 2020, to April 30, 2020. Compared with 2016–2019, there was an average of 10.6 fewer eligible ARI cases per week per site and 63.9% and 45.8% lower odds of patients testing positive for RSV and influenza, respectively, during the 2020 community mitigation period. In all sites except Seattle, the proportions of positive tests for RSV and influenza in the 2020 community mitigation period were lower than predicted. CONCLUSIONS Between March and April 2020, rapid declines in ARI cases and the proportions of RSV and influenza in children were consistently noted across 7 US cities, which could be attributable to community mitigation measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
This prospective, multicenter, surveillance study evaluates the frequency of ARI in children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic within seven cities in the United States.
Audience Professional
Academic
Author Schuster, Jennifer E.
Curns, Aaron T.
Klein, Eileen J.
Szilagyi, Peter G.
Langley, Gayle E.
McNeal, Monica
Rahman, Herdi
Staat, Mary
Halasa, Natasha B.
Patel, Manish M.
Weinberg, Geoffrey A.
Stewart, Laura
Selvarangan, Rangaraj
Lively, Joana Y.
Haddadin, Zaid
Boom, Julie A.
Rha, Brian
Williams, John V.
Englund, Janet A.
Michaels, Marian G.
Hall, Aron J.
Blozinski, Anna
Campbell, Angela P.
Harrison, Christopher J.
Spieker, Andrew J.
Sahni, Leila C.
AuthorAffiliation 13 Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA
9 Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH
1 Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
7 Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
11 Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
4 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, GA
12 Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
8 Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
10 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Missouri – Kansas City, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO
6 Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
3 Department of Biostatistics, Vand
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  organization: Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33986150$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Mr. Curns contributed significantly to acquisition of data, and revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content.
Contributors’ Statement Page
Mr. Rahman, Ms. Blozinski and Dr. Andrew Spieker performed and supervised data analysis, and reviewed and revised the manuscript.
Dr. Hall contributed significantly to conception and design of the study, interpretation of data and revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content.
All authors approved the final manuscript as submitted and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.
Drs. Schuster, Stewart, Campbell, Michaels, Williams, Boom, Sahni, Staat, McNeal, Selvarangan, Harrison, Weinberg, Szilagyi, Englund, Klein, Rha, Langley, Patel and Halasa and Ms. Lively conceptualized and designed the study, designed the data collection instruments, coordinated and supervised data collection and testing, and reviewed and revised the manuscript.
Dr. Haddadin, conceptualized and designed the study, performed the initial analyses, drafted the initial manuscript, and reviewed and revised the manuscript.
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Snippet Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess...
OBJECTIVES Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed...
This prospective, multicenter, surveillance study evaluates the frequency of ARI in children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic within seven cities in the...
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SubjectTerms Adolescent
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Comorbidity
Company distribution practices
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - epidemiology
Diagnosis
Diseases
Distribution
Emergency medical care
Epidemics
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Infant
Influence
Influenza
Male
Pandemics
Pediatric diseases
Pediatrics
Population Surveillance
Prospective Studies
Respiratory diseases
Respiratory syncytial virus
Respiratory syncytial virus infection
Respiratory Tract Infections - epidemiology
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
United States
United States - epidemiology
Title Acute Respiratory Illnesses in Children in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Prospective Multicenter Study
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