Acute Respiratory Illnesses in Children in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Prospective Multicenter Study
Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This study was...
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Published in | Pediatrics (Evanston) Vol. 148; no. 2; p. 1 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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United States
American Academy of Pediatrics
01.08.2021
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Abstract | Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
This study was a prospective, multicenter, population-based ARI surveillance, including children seen in the emergency departments and inpatient settings in 7 US cities for ARI. Respiratory samples were collected and evaluated by molecular testing. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between community mitigation and number of eligible and proportion of RSV and influenza cases.
Overall, 45 759 children were eligible; 25 415 were enrolled and tested; 25% and 14% were RSV-positive and influenza-positive, respectively. In 2020, we noted a decrease in eligible and enrolled ARI subjects after community mitigation measures were introduced, with no RSV or influenza detection from April 5, 2020, to April 30, 2020. Compared with 2016-2019, there was an average of 10.6 fewer eligible ARI cases per week per site and 63.9% and 45.8% lower odds of patients testing positive for RSV and influenza, respectively, during the 2020 community mitigation period. In all sites except Seattle, the proportions of positive tests for RSV and influenza in the 2020 community mitigation period were lower than predicted.
Between March and April 2020, rapid declines in ARI cases and the proportions of RSV and influenza in children were consistently noted across 7 US cities, which could be attributable to community mitigation measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. |
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AbstractList | Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
This study was a prospective, multicenter, population-based ARI surveillance, including children seen in the emergency departments and inpatient settings in 7 US cities for ARI. Respiratory samples were collected and evaluated by molecular testing. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between community mitigation and number of eligible and proportion of RSV and influenza cases.
Overall, 45 759 children were eligible; 25 415 were enrolled and tested; 25% and 14% were RSV-positive and influenza-positive, respectively. In 2020, we noted a decrease in eligible and enrolled ARI subjects after community mitigation measures were introduced, with no RSV or influenza detection from April 5, 2020, to April 30, 2020. Compared with 2016-2019, there was an average of 10.6 fewer eligible ARI cases per week per site and 63.9% and 45.8% lower odds of patients testing positive for RSV and influenza, respectively, during the 2020 community mitigation period. In all sites except Seattle, the proportions of positive tests for RSV and influenza in the 2020 community mitigation period were lower than predicted.
Between March and April 2020, rapid declines in ARI cases and the proportions of RSV and influenza in children were consistently noted across 7 US cities, which could be attributable to community mitigation measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.OBJECTIVESNonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.This study was a prospective, multicenter, population-based ARI surveillance, including children seen in the emergency departments and inpatient settings in 7 US cities for ARI. Respiratory samples were collected and evaluated by molecular testing. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between community mitigation and number of eligible and proportion of RSV and influenza cases.METHODSThis study was a prospective, multicenter, population-based ARI surveillance, including children seen in the emergency departments and inpatient settings in 7 US cities for ARI. Respiratory samples were collected and evaluated by molecular testing. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between community mitigation and number of eligible and proportion of RSV and influenza cases.Overall, 45 759 children were eligible; 25 415 were enrolled and tested; 25% and 14% were RSV-positive and influenza-positive, respectively. In 2020, we noted a decrease in eligible and enrolled ARI subjects after community mitigation measures were introduced, with no RSV or influenza detection from April 5, 2020, to April 30, 2020. Compared with 2016-2019, there was an average of 10.6 fewer eligible ARI cases per week per site and 63.9% and 45.8% lower odds of patients testing positive for RSV and influenza, respectively, during the 2020 community mitigation period. In all sites except Seattle, the proportions of positive tests for RSV and influenza in the 2020 community mitigation period were lower than predicted.RESULTSOverall, 45 759 children were eligible; 25 415 were enrolled and tested; 25% and 14% were RSV-positive and influenza-positive, respectively. In 2020, we noted a decrease in eligible and enrolled ARI subjects after community mitigation measures were introduced, with no RSV or influenza detection from April 5, 2020, to April 30, 2020. Compared with 2016-2019, there was an average of 10.6 fewer eligible ARI cases per week per site and 63.9% and 45.8% lower odds of patients testing positive for RSV and influenza, respectively, during the 2020 community mitigation period. In all sites except Seattle, the proportions of positive tests for RSV and influenza in the 2020 community mitigation period were lower than predicted.Between March and April 2020, rapid declines in ARI cases and the proportions of RSV and influenza in children were consistently noted across 7 US cities, which could be attributable to community mitigation measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.CONCLUSIONSBetween March and April 2020, rapid declines in ARI cases and the proportions of RSV and influenza in children were consistently noted across 7 US cities, which could be attributable to community mitigation measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. OBJECTIVES Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza ARIs before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. METHODS This study was a prospective, multicenter, population-based ARI surveillance, including children seen in the emergency departments and inpatient settings in 7 US cities for ARI. Respiratory samples were collected and evaluated by molecular testing. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between community mitigation and number of eligible and proportion of RSV and influenza cases. RESULTS Overall, 45 759 children were eligible; 25 415 were enrolled and tested; 25% and 14% were RSV-positive and influenza-positive, respectively. In 2020, we noted a decrease in eligible and enrolled ARI subjects after community mitigation measures were introduced, with no RSV or influenza detection from April 5, 2020, to April 30, 2020. Compared with 2016–2019, there was an average of 10.6 fewer eligible ARI cases per week per site and 63.9% and 45.8% lower odds of patients testing positive for RSV and influenza, respectively, during the 2020 community mitigation period. In all sites except Seattle, the proportions of positive tests for RSV and influenza in the 2020 community mitigation period were lower than predicted. CONCLUSIONS Between March and April 2020, rapid declines in ARI cases and the proportions of RSV and influenza in children were consistently noted across 7 US cities, which could be attributable to community mitigation measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. This prospective, multicenter, surveillance study evaluates the frequency of ARI in children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic within seven cities in the United States. |
Audience | Professional Academic |
Author | Schuster, Jennifer E. Curns, Aaron T. Klein, Eileen J. Szilagyi, Peter G. Langley, Gayle E. McNeal, Monica Rahman, Herdi Staat, Mary Halasa, Natasha B. Patel, Manish M. Weinberg, Geoffrey A. Stewart, Laura Selvarangan, Rangaraj Lively, Joana Y. Haddadin, Zaid Boom, Julie A. Rha, Brian Williams, John V. Englund, Janet A. Michaels, Marian G. Hall, Aron J. Blozinski, Anna Campbell, Angela P. Harrison, Christopher J. Spieker, Andrew J. Sahni, Leila C. |
AuthorAffiliation | 13 Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 9 Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 1 Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 7 Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 11 Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 4 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, GA 12 Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 8 Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 10 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Missouri – Kansas City, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 6 Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 3 Department of Biostatistics, Vand |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 7 Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX – name: 10 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Missouri – Kansas City, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO – name: 1 Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN – name: 8 Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX – name: 12 Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA – name: 3 Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN – name: 6 Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA – name: 9 Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH – name: 13 Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA – name: 11 Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY – name: 2 Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Missouri – Kansas City, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO – name: 4 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, GA – name: 5 IHRC, Inc., Atlanta, GA |
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organization: Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee – sequence: 7 givenname: Angela P. surname: Campbell fullname: Campbell, Angela P. organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia – sequence: 8 givenname: Joana Y. surname: Lively fullname: Lively, Joana Y. organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, IHRC, Inc, Atlanta, Georgia – sequence: 9 givenname: Marian G. surname: Michaels fullname: Michaels, Marian G. organization: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania – sequence: 10 givenname: John V. surname: Williams fullname: Williams, John V. organization: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s 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fullname: Selvarangan, Rangaraj organization: Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City and Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri – sequence: 16 givenname: Christopher J. surname: Harrison fullname: Harrison, Christopher J. organization: Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases – sequence: 17 givenname: Geoffrey A. surname: Weinberg fullname: Weinberg, Geoffrey A. organization: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York – sequence: 18 givenname: Peter G. surname: Szilagyi fullname: Szilagyi, Peter G. organization: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Los Angeles Mattel Children’s Hospital and University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California – sequence: 19 givenname: Janet A. surname: Englund fullname: Englund, Janet A. organization: Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington – sequence: 20 givenname: Eileen J. surname: Klein fullname: Klein, Eileen J. organization: Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington – sequence: 21 givenname: Aaron T. surname: Curns fullname: Curns, Aaron T. organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia – sequence: 22 givenname: Brian surname: Rha fullname: Rha, Brian organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia – sequence: 23 givenname: Gayle E. surname: Langley fullname: Langley, Gayle E. organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia – sequence: 24 givenname: Aron J. surname: Hall fullname: Hall, Aron J. organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia – sequence: 25 givenname: Manish M. surname: Patel fullname: Patel, Manish M. organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia – sequence: 26 givenname: Natasha B. surname: Halasa fullname: Halasa, Natasha B. organization: Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33986150$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Mr. Curns contributed significantly to acquisition of data, and revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content. Contributors’ Statement Page Mr. Rahman, Ms. Blozinski and Dr. Andrew Spieker performed and supervised data analysis, and reviewed and revised the manuscript. Dr. Hall contributed significantly to conception and design of the study, interpretation of data and revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content. All authors approved the final manuscript as submitted and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work. Drs. Schuster, Stewart, Campbell, Michaels, Williams, Boom, Sahni, Staat, McNeal, Selvarangan, Harrison, Weinberg, Szilagyi, Englund, Klein, Rha, Langley, Patel and Halasa and Ms. Lively conceptualized and designed the study, designed the data collection instruments, coordinated and supervised data collection and testing, and reviewed and revised the manuscript. Dr. Haddadin, conceptualized and designed the study, performed the initial analyses, drafted the initial manuscript, and reviewed and revised the manuscript. |
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Snippet | Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed to assess... OBJECTIVES Nonpharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 likely have a role in decreasing viral acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs). We aimed... This prospective, multicenter, surveillance study evaluates the frequency of ARI in children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic within seven cities in the... |
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SubjectTerms | Adolescent Child Child, Preschool Children Comorbidity Company distribution practices Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology Diagnosis Diseases Distribution Emergency medical care Epidemics Follow-Up Studies Humans Infant Influence Influenza Male Pandemics Pediatric diseases Pediatrics Population Surveillance Prospective Studies Respiratory diseases Respiratory syncytial virus Respiratory syncytial virus infection Respiratory Tract Infections - epidemiology SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 United States United States - epidemiology |
Title | Acute Respiratory Illnesses in Children in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Prospective Multicenter Study |
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